training module for medical officers primary health centre - NVBDCP

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4.3: DISEASE SURVEILLANCEIntroductionProgramme monitoring enables continuous follow up of processes and outputs to identify problems atlocal level and help decision making where it is most needed. The importance of surveillance is that itprovides actionable information related to disease trends. It is also important locally for the PHC teamto assess the impact of malaria control activities and find prevailing gaps as well as for early detection ofoutbreaks. Correspondingly, at the district and higher levels, surveillance is useful in tracking diseaseburden over time and space and also to fine tune the planning.Until now MPWs were involved in active case detection by house to house visit. Over the yearsshortage of these MPWs has lead to poor surveillance activity in the programme. The integration withNRHM and induction of Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA), as the first point of contact with thehealth care delivery, has called for further modification of reporting requirements.The above components provide data on case management, Vector control, programme management,coverage and utilization of services. The HMIS will only be discussed only in brief in this module. Forfurther details, please refer the Operational Manual.Recording and ReportingTraditionally the programme has compiled epidemiological data through a system of sixteen manualreporting formats which are exhaustive in reporting. In the past few years the anti-malaria programmehas undergone significant policy changes. Newer interventions including RDTs and ACT have beenintroduced at the peripheral level and bed nets have been distributed which will be scaled up rapidly inthe coming years. It is important to closely monitor their utilization. For the purpose of routine recordingand reporting the following M-1 to M-4, VC-1 to VC-12 formats and Programme Management MonitoringReport have been introduced.1. Case Detection and Management M-1 : Report of Surveillance by ASHA/ MPW/ Health facility M-2 : Laboratory Request for Slide Examination M-3 : Record of slide Examination in PHC Laboratory M-4: Fortnightly Report of Cases From Subcentre/ PHC/ District/ State2. Integrated vector Control VC-1: Primary record of IRS VC-1S: Wall Stencil VC-2: District IRS output Form VC-3: Primary record of bednet delivery and impregnation VC-4: Bednet Delivery and Impregnation form VC-5: District Annual Stock report on vector control supplies VC-6. IVM Plan - Block level51
3. Programme management Monitoring ReportAn overview of these records and reports is provided below.Operational manual.For the formats, please refer theCase Detection and ManagementA. Fortnightly Report of Fever Cases by ASHA/ MPW/ Health facility (M1)This is the primary case record for all suspected malaria cases i.e it is actually a line list of all fevercases. This form is to be filled by any health facility/ worker which are directly involved in case detectionand treatment. Therefore an ASHA or any other Community Volunteer, MPW and MO would maintaincase record in this format. In M1, each row corresponds with one patient record. Serial No is filled incolumn 1 which is started fresh each month. Details of village, village code, name of fever case andHead of Family are entered in Col 2 to 5. Each village will be assigned a code for computer based dataentry which is to be retained once and for all. In exceptional cases where a fever case is a visitor to thevillage, 991/ 992 is filled in the respective Col. Whether collection is during Active / Passive surveillanceis filled as A or P in Col 6. For all purposes the ASHA/ CHV/ MO PHC will be passive agencies.Therefore in these cases the entry in Col 6 will be always P. It is only an MPW who can be involved inboth types of collections. Fever cases coming to the MPW on their own will be entered as P while fevercases detected actively will be entered as A. Age is entered in Years/ months. Sex is to be entered as Mfor Male or F for Female. Duration of fever, date of RDT/ BSC, Slide No, sending and receipt of slides,result of examination of slides and RDTs, date of start of treatment, Nos of Tablets, referral and deathsif any are to be sequentially entered in the form.Slide No is started fresh at the beginning of each year and continued over the subsequent months. Anypositive test result is to be marked in red with a tick (√). Entries up to Col 13 are filled for all patients atthe time of first contact. If the RDT is positive, the blood slide need not be sent for examination andtherefore Col 14 to 18 are to be skipped and are simply slashed (/). Treatment in such cases is startedimmediately for Pf. In cases where RDT is negative, blood slide is sent for examination and Col 14 to 18are filled accordingly on receipt of results.The lower part of the form consists of record of logistics. Opening balance at the beginning of themonth, stock received, utilization and closing balance should be entered by ASHA or other serviceproviders after physical verification of stocks. The ASHA/ CHV will fill M1 in duplicate and at the end ofthe fortnight, after allowing for 7 days for completion of patient records of the last few days of thereporting fortnight will forward the form to the Subcentre. In the middle of M1, the MPW will enter thesummary of cases. The MPW will compile M4-SC by compiling the M1 of all ASHAs and adding his/ herown M1.B. Laboratory Request Form for Slide Examination (M2)Fever cases are diagnosed using RDT and/ or Blood Slide. In areas where RDTs are supplied, RDT andBlood slide are done at the same time. However, only if the RDT is negative, the blood slide isforwarded to Lab for further examination. Areas where RDTs are not supplied also rely on microscopyfor diagnosis. M2 ie the Laboratory Request Form for Slide Examiantion, is filled in duplicate by ASHA/DHV/ MPW whenever blood slides need to be sent to the Lab. In this form Col 1 to 7 are filled from M152
Page 1 and 2: TRAINING MODULEFORMEDICAL OFFICERSP
Page 3 and 4: Distribution of malariaSESSION - 1:
Page 5 and 6: National Malaria Eradication Progra
Page 7 and 8: 1.2 : JOB RESPONSIBILITIES OF MO- P
Page 9 and 10: SESSION - 2: MALARIOLOGY2.1: EPIDEM
Page 11 and 12: 2.2: MORPHOLOGY, LIFE CYCLE AND TRA
Page 13 and 14: Table 2.1: Differentiation of chara
Page 15 and 16: 2.3: VECTOR MOSQUITOES AND THEIR BI
Page 17 and 18: Bionomics of vector species in Indi
Page 19 and 20: 2.4: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND ENTOMOLOGI
Page 21 and 22: Entomological parameters should be
Page 23 and 24: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is clear
Page 25 and 26: 3.2: LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF MALARI
Page 27 and 28: Examination of blood films for mala
Page 29 and 30: Plate 1: Plasmodium falciparum thin
Page 31 and 32: 3.3: MALARIA CASE MANAGEMENTAntimal
Page 33 and 34: This ACT is highly effective agains
Page 35 and 36: within 72 hours of treatment. Such
Page 37 and 38: In pregnancy, malaria, especially P
Page 39 and 40: Advice to the patients / caretakers
Page 41 and 42: The choice between IRS and ITN/LLIN
Page 43 and 44: Deploy staff for active case detect
Page 45 and 46: Visit the PHCs, subcenters and vill
Page 47 and 48: The Rapid Diagnosis Test (RDT) is d
Page 49 and 50: It should also be ensured that the
Page 51: Common problems for reluctance to g
Page 55 and 56: Worker (SFW) to the PHC-MO where a
Page 57 and 58: The data collected through the syst
Page 59 and 60: Outcome - IRS Coverage - Population
Page 61 and 62: Level Staff FrequencySupervisor (wh
Page 63 and 64: With improved access to quality cas
Page 65 and 66: If an epidemic is predominantly due
Page 67 and 68: 500@ 20-25 houses per pump per day
Page 69 and 70: 3.1.6 Name of Laboratory Technician
Page 71 and 72: 3. Therefore, unless the deceased h
Page 73 and 74: To accord priority for IRS in areas
Page 75 and 76: Consumption of insecticide as deter
Page 77 and 78: Step 9: Wash equipments (basin, mea
Page 79 and 80: ProgramComponentBed netimpregnation
Page 81 and 82: Benefit of indoor insecticidal spra
Page 83 and 84: The MO-PHC is expected to provide a
Page 85 and 86: Ensure that they have adequate supp
Page 87 and 88: 4.8: LOGISTICS MANAGEMENTPlanningPl
Page 89 and 90: Planning of LLIN coverage is compli
Page 91 and 92: communication among the community f
Page 93 and 94: Examine level of stocksLook for unr
Page 95 and 96: During planned bednet distribution
Page 97: How many of the individuals actuall

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