The Navy Vol_64_Part2 2002 - Navy League of Australia

Ml'MBAI has lour multi-barrelled 30mm AK-630Gallingguns (two »MI either beam) which can fire 3000rpm at a rangeto 2.5 kilometres i«» intercept incoming missiles. The AK-630guns are controlled by two MR-123 (NATO. Bass Tilt) firecontrol radars using H/l/J band frequencies.Unatcd just aft of Ml MBAI's funnel is a 533mm PTA533 quintuple torpedo lube launcher. The tubes can lire theSFT-65F anti-submarine torpedo, which has both passive andactive tracking sensors with a range of up lo I5kms at 40ktsand with a 205kg warhead. The tubes can also fire the Type5 V65 passive wake homing lorpedo with a range of l^kms at45 knots which carries a W5kg warhead.Anti-submarine duties are shared with two 12 barrelledRBU-6000 ASW mortars which are located forward of thebridge The RBU-6000 can reach targets up to 500m deep w itha range of 6kms carrying a 31kg warhead. Both the RBU-6000and the PTA 533 torpedo tube launchers are controlled by thePuiga ASW system.The Electronic Warfare suite of the iXlhi class consists ofthe Bharat Ajanta FSM system as well as the KllectronicaTQN-2 jammer ptnls. The ship also has two PK-2 chafflaunchers mounted alongside the aft SAM launcherAll sensors and weapons are controlled throughout theship's Bharat IPN Shikari (IPN 10) Combat Data System,wholly designed in India.AIR OPERATIONSThe IX-Ihi class carries two helicopters located in twohangers aft. The air traffic control b»»oih is loeated between thehangers, and a large flight deck is equipped with the FrenchSamahe helicopter handling/landing system. The class canoperate either the light Aloucttc helicopter or the heavier andmuch more capable Sea King. Apart from the standard ASWarmament Indian Sea King helicopters are also lilted to lirethe impressive Briiish made Sea Hagle ASMHISTORYMl'MBAI is the ninth ship to be named after the cityformally known as BOMBAY. The eighth Ml'MBAI was anAustralian built Bathurst class corvette commissioned asHMINS BOMBAY (J 249) which operated out of Sydneyduring the Second World War before returning to India,serving until I960.INS ML'MBAI leaving Fremantle ()f mne in ibis image is the two largehangar doors ai the stern The ship can operate two large Sea King ASWhelicopters Indian Navy Sea Kings can also he fitted with the British madeSea Hagle ASC'M (roughly the equivalent ol the Harpoon Block IO givingthem a potent standoff anti-ship capability (Graeme Fuller IVOL. 64 NO 3An interesting feature of the Delhi class is its use of five 533nim torpedoluhes tor either the SET 65E active/passive ASW torpedo or the Type 53-65passive wake homing torpedo lor use against ships. The larger torpedo givesihe ship greater stand ofl range when dealing with enemy submarines11 Skin- j( -Mlkisi as well as another means of sinking surface ships (Graeme Fuller)The current INS MUMBAI (D-62) is the first Indianwarship it» sail into a foreign harbour (Fremantle) with thenew Indian Naval Fnsign. which was changed in August 2000.During her sea trials MUMBAI became the first of her class tochange a gas turbine altei the ship's GT 3 unit experiencedproblems during builders trials in October. The gas turbinewas replaced in record time on 7 November. This forced theship's original commissioning date of 15 November 2000 tobe pushed back to Januarv 2001 as further trails on the newturbine were needed. In earlv 2001 MUMBAI conducted asimultaneous launch of two SS-N-25 Switchblade SSM'sduring her weapons trial . both missiles scored hits.A cl«»se-up of two of the four SS-N-25 'Switchblade' ««ct:iple launchersthe Delhi class carries. Nearly all Western warships are happy withonly eight anti-ship missiles. (Graeme Fuller)CONCLUSIONMUMBAI is a most impressive warship, with a first classweapons and senor suite. For a second attempt at buildingtheir own destroyers, the Indians have produced a better thanaverage warship. They have learnt the lessons from this classfor their new Project I5A ship already in the early stages ofdevelopment at the Ma/agon Dockyard in Mumbai.Note. Inn Johnson and Graeme Fuller would like lo thank the Officeri andCrew of the ISS Ml 'MBAI for their Militantr in this articleAustralia's ——DoctrineHMAS AN/AC in the Persian Gulf conducting embargo/sanctions enforcement operations in 2001. The nature of these operations sometimes involves thepossibility of reprisal by the affected party requiring a warship to either deter such action i»r affect some measure of sea control. (RAN)In part 5 of our presentation of the RAN's new Maritime Doctrine we detail Chapters 7 and 8 on Maritime Operationsand Navy's people. The document was written by the Seapower Centre and is reproduced in THE NAVY, with theCentre's approval, given its importance to readers of THE NAVY, Australians and to the Navy league in general.Chapter 7MARITIME OPERATIONSTHE SPAN OF MARITIMEOPERATIONSMaritime forces possess considerable utility in a widerange of situations that span not only the .spectrum of conflict.but also much peaceful human activity. Contemporarystrategic thinkers, notably Ken Booth, have suggested that theroles of maritime forces in this context fall into one of threecategories: military (or combat related), diplomatic (or foreignpolicy related) and policing U>r constabulary). The RoyalNavy makes the distinction in a siightly different fashion,dividing the roles of maritime forces into military,constabulary and benign. In Australian Joint doctrine, thedistinction is drawn in a third way. between combatoperations, military support operations and shaping activities.However, when discussing maritime activities, the idea ofconstabulary operations is particulaily valuable because itemphasises the historically close-and continuing-relationshipbetween maritime forces and domestic and international lawenforcement. The differentiated category of benign roleswithin diplomatic operations is also important incomprehending just how flexible Navies can be.The ability of maritime forces to undertake constabularyand diplomatic operations depends substantially on theirability to carry out their combat roles. The capability to dothese things is thus largely a by-product of the resources andcore skills developed for warfighting.The major activities of maritime forces that fall into eachof these three categories are shown adjoining the triangle.Although the circumstances surrounding benign operationsarc clear enough, the crossovers from military to constabularyroles and back are not always so distinct. As Sir James Cablehas suggested, the distinction between combat and noncombatactivities applies when the infliction of damagebecomes an end in itself. The other important differencebetween military and constabulary activities is that the latterdepend upon legitimacy deriving from a legal domesticmandate or an internationally agreed order, while the former,whatever the degree of force implied, threatened or exercised,is defined primarily by the national interest.COMBAT OPERATIONS AT SEAIntelligence Collection and SurveillanceAlthough intelligence collection, surveillance and geographicinformationactivities are conducted in both pcacc and conflictand have obvious application to national requirements outsideconflict, they are vital enablcrs in maritime combat.Comprehensive intelligence and surveillance are fundamentalto the generation of the degree of battlespace awareness thatwill be necessary to seize and maintain the initiative andachieve battlespace dominance. AH maritime units cancontribute to the development of this awareness and exploit itsproducts. Space based assets, over the horizon systems,signals intelligence and other systems play a vital andincreasingly important role, particularly in the provision ofcueing information which allows local assets to beconcentrated and focused against a particular threat or target.Submarines, because of their ability to remain covert, areTHE NAVY VOL 64 NO 3 II