Biology 91156 (2.4) Exam

2SAMPLE PAPERLevel 2 Biology91156 (2.4): Demonstrate understanding of life processesat the cellular levelCredits: FourYou should answer ALL parts of ALL questions in this booklet.If you need more space for any answer, use the page(s) provided at the back of this booklet and clearlynumber the question.Check that this booklet has pages 2–12 in the correct order and that none of these pages is blank.YOU MUST HAND THIS BOOKLET TO YOUR TEACHER AT THE END OF THE ALLOTTED TIME.© New Zealand Qualifications Authority, 2011All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means without the prior permission of the New Zealand Qualifications Authority.

2You are advised to spend 60 minutes answering the questions in this booklet.Assessor’suse onlyQUESTION ONE: CELL DIVISIONDividing cells carry out the process of DNA replication prior to cell division.(a)State the purpose of DNA replication.DNA replication creates chromosomes with two chromatids. This process is referred to assemi-conservative replication.(b)Explain the process of how an original chromosome is replicated, and why the process isknown as semi-conservative replication. You may draw a labelled diagram(s) to support youanswer.Biology 91156 (2.4)

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4The rate of mitosis is not always the same.Assessor’suse only(c)Evaluate the statement above. In your answer, you should include: factors that affect the rate of mitosis stages in the life of an organism when the rate of mitosis is likely to be higher locations in an organism where the rate of mitosis is likely to be higher.Biology 91156 (2.4)

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6QUESTION TWO: RESPIRATIONAssessor’suse onlyThe process of aerobic respiration is an essential cell process in both animals and plants. Theamount of respiration can be different, depending on the location and function of the cell in anorganism. The structure of the cells can also be different to suit the levels of respiration that areoccurring.Discuss the process of aerobic respiration. In your answer, you should discuss aerobic respiration interms of: the purpose of aerobic respiration what is needed for aerobic respiration and what is produced from aerobic respiration the structure and function of the organelle where this aerobic respiration takes place the reasons for the difference between the structure of different cells.Biology 91156 (2.4)

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8QUESTION THREE: PHOTOSYNTHESISAssessor’suse onlyProcesses in plants require the movement of materials between cells and in and out of the plantitself. Two forms of movement are diffusion and osmosis.(a)Define the processes of diffusion and osmosis.Diffusion:Osmosis:Biology 91156 (2.4)

9An increase in light intensity will generally lead to an increase in the rate of photosynthesis, butif the increase in light intensity also leads to an increase in temperature, the rate ofphotosynthesis may decrease or even stop completely. One of the reasons for this is the effect ofthe increase in temperature on enzymes that are involved in the process.Assessor’suse only(b)Explain how heat can affect enzymes, and why the rate of photosynthesis changes because ofthis.Biology 91156 (2.4)

10(c)Discuss how the structure and location of cells AND organelles in a plant leaf can maximisethe rate of photosynthesis.Assessor’suse onlyYou may draw a diagram(s) in the box provided to support your answer.Biology 91156 (2.4)

11Extra paper for continuing your answers, if required.Clearly number the question.Assessor’suse onlyQuestionnumberBiology 91156 (2.4)

12Extra paper for continuing your answers, if required.Clearly number the question.Assessor’suse onlyQuestionnumberBiology 91156 (2.4)