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AMD64 Technology 24594 Rev. 3.10 February 2005• General-purpose instructions• System instructions• 128-bit media instructions• 64-bit media instructions• x87 floating-point instructionsSeveral instructions belong to—and are described identicallyin—multiple instruction subsets.This volume describes the general-purpose and systeminstructions. The index at the end cross-references topics withinthis volume. For other topics relating to the AMD64architecture, and for information on instructions in othersubsets, see the tables of contents and indexes of the othervolumes.DefinitionsMany of the following definitions assume an in-depthknowledge of the legacy x86 architecture. See “RelatedDocuments” on page xxvii for descriptions of the legacy x86architecture.Terms and NotationIn addition to the notation described below, “Opcode-SyntaxNotation” on page 375 describes notation relating specificallyto opcodes.1011bA binary value—in this example, a 4-bit value.F0EAhA hexadecimal value—in this example a 2-byte value.[1,2)A range that includes the left-most value (in this case, 1) butexcludes the right-most value (in this case, 2).7–4A bit range, from bit 7 to 4, inclusive. The high-order bit isshown first.128-bit media instructionsInstructions that use the 128-bit XMM registers. These are acombination of the SSE and SSE2 instruction sets.xviPreface
24594 Rev. 3.10 February 2005 AMD64 Technology64-bit media instructionsInstructions that use the 64-bit MMX registers. These areprimarily a combination of MMX and 3DNow!instruction sets, with some additional instructions from theSSE and SSE2 instruction sets.16-bit modeLegacy mode or compatibility mode in which a 16-bitaddress size is active. See legacy mode and compatibilitymode.32-bit modeLegacy mode or compatibility mode in which a 32-bitaddress size is active. See legacy mode and compatibilitymode.64-bit modeA submode of long mode. In 64-bit mode, the default addresssize is 64 bits and new features, such as register extensions,are supported for system and application software.#GP(0)Notation indicating a general-protection exception (#GP)with error code of 0.absoluteSaid of a displacement that references the base of a codesegment rather than an instruction pointer. Contrast withrelative.biased exponentThe sum of a floating-point value’s exponent and a constantbias for a particular floating-point data type. The bias makesthe range of the biased exponent always positive, whichallows reciprocation without overflow.byteEight bits.clearTo write a bit value of 0. Compare set.Prefacexvii
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