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NOx + HC (g/kW-hr)EVOLUTION OF KEY TECHNOLOGIES - OFF-ROADEPA MOH Tier 4 > 751 bhp1510Tier 1 (2000)Tier 4 Final• Presents the most significant changein diesel engine technology in recenthistory for HHP engines.5Tier 2 (2006)Tier 4 Interim (2011)Tier 4 Final (2015)• Aftertreatment is the most likely optionto meet these very low levels in 2015– development work for emissionssolutions is ongoing….00.1 0.5 1.0PM (g/kW-hr)Proven on-highway technology will be introduced into off-highwayCEGR – Cooled Exhaust Gas Recirculation, SCR – Selective Catalytic Reduction, DPF – Diesel <strong>Part</strong>iculate Filter, PM – <strong>Part</strong>iculate Matter, NOx – Oxides of NitrogenCopyright © 2000-2012 Cummins Inc. All rights reserved. Presented at the Shell Technology Forum, October 2012
EMISSIONS REGULATIONS - OFF-ROAD (PHASE-IN)Worldwide Nonroad Emission Regulations - Timing for Initial Year of Phase-in2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015U.S. EPA / Canada Tier 3 Tier 4i (Proposed 2012 in Canada) Tier 4fEU Stage IIIAStage IIIB Stage IVECE (Eastern Europe) Effect dates can vary by country, but can be no earlier than dates shown.20162017 2018Japan (JMLIT) Tier 3 Tier 4a Tier 4b?South Korea Tier 2 Tier 3 Tier 4i? Tier 4f?China Stage I Stage II Proposed Stage III (EU IIIA) Proposed Stage IV (EU IIIB)?India - Const. India BS II (EU Stage I) India BS III (EU Stage IIIA)India - AgSimilar to EU Stage IRussiaBrazilStage IIProposed MAR-I (Stage IIIA); ag lags by 2 yrChile Proposed Stage II - Santiago const Proposed alignment with BrazilSingapore Tier 1 / Stage I / JMLIT Tier 1 Proposed Tier 2 / Stage II / JMLIT Tier 1?AustraliaNonroad regulation under developmentApproximate alignments : Tier 1 = Stage 1, Tier 2 = Stage II, Tier 3 = Stage IIIA, Tier 4i = Stage IIIB, Tier 4f = Stage IVDates generally reflect the earliest date for the phase-in of a particular level. Exceptions exist.Cummins well positioned to accept and support product required to meet emissions legislationRev: 5 July 2011Australia remains unregulated – but for how long?Copyright © 2000-2012 Cummins Inc. All rights reserved. Presented at the Shell Technology Forum, October 2012
Page 1 and 2: DEVELOPMENTS IN ENGINETECHNOLOGYJIM
Page 3: EVOLUTION OF KEY TECHNOLOGIESMaking
Page 8 and 9: LEADER OF INTEGRATED COMPONENT TECH
Page 10 and 11: DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTER (DPF)•
Page 12 and 13: COMBINATION SCR /DPF/DOCCombination
Page 14 and 15: Injection Pressure (Bar)EVOLUTION O
Page 16 and 17: COMBUSTION SYSTEM DESIGN• Complex
Page 18 and 19: LEADER OF INTEGRATED COMPONENT TECH
Page 20 and 21: DUAL FUEL BASICS: HOW DOES IT WORK?
Page 22 and 23: LIFE-TO-OVERHAUL (LTO)46% HP increa
Page 24 and 25: ELIMINATORFull-flow filterSeries of
Page 26: SUMMARYEmissions regulations will d

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