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ORGANIC POTATO PRODUCTION Management Option Scouting/thresholds Resistant varieties Crop rotation Site selection, Postharvest, and Sanitation Recommendation for Symphylan Record pest history and avoid planting in fields with a history of symphylans. Thresholds have not been established for organic production No resistant varieties are available. Potato crops are very effective at reducing symphylan populations. A spring oat winter cover crop has been shown to reduce symphylan populations. Mustard and spinach are good hosts for symphylans and may increase populations. These are currently not viable management options. 15.10 Spider Mites, Tetranychus spp.Time for concern: July through SeptemberKey characteristics: Tiny, spider-like creatures but without narrow waist between head and body. Adults have 4 pairs oflegs (3 pairs in immatures). Adults have 2 well-defined reddish-brown spots on top of body. Infested areas on leaves may besomewhat circular in appearance and are often confused with lightning strikes or wet depressions in fields. See life cycle anddamage (Reference 119) Relative risk: Sporadic problem. Some varieties are more prone to spider mite damage.Management Option Scouting/thresholds Site selection Resistant varieties Natural enemies Seed selection/treatment, Postharvest, and Sanitation Recommendation for Spider Mites Scout fields weekly beginning in early July and pay special attention to edges of fields bordered by field roads, ditches and other grassy areas. Examine at least 20 leaves from each of these areas using 5-‐10X magnification. Treatment is recommended if spider mite densities reach or exceed an average of 10 adult mites per leaf. Spot or edge treatment of infested areas is encouraged, if practical. Avoid planting susceptible varieties where they will be subject to repeated dusting from field or road traffic. Spider mites are infrequent pests on most varieties. However, during hot and dry conditions, several varieties (Nordonna, Norgold Russet, NY E11-‐45 and Marcy) have been reported as susceptible to spider mite infestations especially in those areas of fields subject to heavy dusting from field roads. Naturally occurring predators, parasitoids, and pathogens help suppress infestations. Use Reference 94 or Cornell’s HUGuide to natural enemiesUH (Reference 95) to identify natural enemies. These are currently not viable management options. At the time this guide was produced, the following materials were labeled in New York State for managing this pest and were allowable for organic production. Listing a pest on a pesticide label does not assure the pesticide’s effectiveness. The registration status of pesticides can and does change. Pesticides must be currently registered with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) to be used legally in NY. Those pesticides meeting requirements in EPA Ruling 40 CFR Part 152.25(b) (also known as 25(b) pesticides) do not require registration. Current NY pesticide registrations can be checked on the Pesticide Product, Ingredient, and Manufacturer System (PIMS website) http://pims.psur.cornell.edu/ (Reference 3). ALWAYS CHECK WITH YOUR CERTIFIER before using a new product. 782012
ORGANIC POTATO PRODUCTION Table 15.10 Pesticides Labeled for Management of Spider Mites Class of Compounds Product Name (active ingredient) BOTANICALS Azadirachtin Product Rate PHI (days) REI (hours) Efficacy Comments Aza-‐Direct 1-‐2 pt/A 0 4 ? Does not provide immediate mortality. Intoxicated nymphs and larvae die at their next molt. Foliage contact and coverage extremely important. AzaGuard 10-‐16 fl oz/A 0 4 ? AzaMax Azatrol Garlic BioLink (garlic juice) Garlic Barrier (garlic juice) Pyrethrins Pyganic Crop Protection EC 5.0 II (pyrethrins) 1.33 fl oz/1000 0 4 ? ft 20.24-‐0.96 fl 0 4 ? oz/1000ft 2 0.5-‐2 qts/A -‐ -‐ ? 25(b) pesticide 1gal/99 gal water mix, spray at 10 gal mix/A -‐ -‐ ? 25(b) pesticide 4.5-‐18 oz/A 0 12 ? Safer Brand #567 Pyrethrin & Insecticidal Soap Concentration II (pyrethrin & potassium salts of fatty acids) OILS 1:20 dilution using 1 gal mixed spray/700 ft 2 of plant surface area GC-‐Mite 1gal/100 gal (cottonseed, corn, and garlic oil) water spray to cover surface Until spray has dried 12 ? -‐ -‐ 1 25(b) pesticide Oil based products effective in 1/1 trial. Glacial Spray Fluid (mineral oil) 0.75-‐1 gal/100g Up to day of harvest 4 1 See label for specific application volumes. Golden Pest Spray Oil (soybean oil) 2 gal/A -‐ 4 1 Organic JMS Stylet-‐Oil (paraffinic oil) 3-‐6 qts/100 gal water 0 4 1 Foliage contact and coverage extremely important. Do not apply within 10-‐14 days of a sulfur application. Organocide (sesame oil) 1-‐2 gal/100 gal water -‐ -‐ 1 25(b) pesticide Saf-‐T-‐Side (petroleum oil) 1-‐2 gal/100 gal water Up to day of harvest 4 1 SuffOil-‐X (petroleum oil) 1-‐2 gal/100 gal water Up to day of harvest 4 1 Do not mix with sulfur products. Trilogy (hydrophobic extract of neem oil) SOAP 1-‐2% in 25-‐100 gallons of water per acre -‐ 4 2 Neem oil effective in 1/2 trials against mites in the greenhouse. Limited to a maximum of 2 lbs/acre/application. 792012
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