potato 5-9-12 CLEAN - Vegetableipmasia.org

ORGANIC POTATO PRODUCTION Table 15.5 Pesticides Labeled for Management of Subterranean and and Surface Cutworms (azadirachtin) AzaMax(azadirachtin) Azatrol (azadirachtin) Molt-­‐X (azadirachtin) 1.33 fl oz/1000 0 4 ? ft 20.24-­‐0.96 0 4 ? fl/1000 ft 2 8 oz/A 0 4 ? Use in combination with an organic 0.25-­‐1% nonphytotoxic crop oil in sufficient water to cover undersides of leaves. Neemix 4.5 (azadirachtin) 7-­‐16 oz/A -­‐ 12 2 Only labeled for black cutworm. IRON PHOSPHATE Bug-­‐N-­‐Sluggo® Insect, Slug and Snail Bait (Iron phosphate and Spinosad) OILS Cedar Gard (cedar oil) 20-­‐44 lbs/A 7 4 ? 1 qt/A -­‐ -­‐ ? 25(b) pesticide. 59B PHI = pre-­‐harvest interval, REI = restricted entry interval. -­‐ = pre-­‐harvest interval isn't specified on label. Efficacy: 1-­‐ effective in half or more of recent university trials, 2-­‐ effective in less than half of recent university trials, 3-­‐not effective in any known trials, ?-­‐ not reviewed or no research available 15.6 Climbing Cutworm, primarily the variegated cutworm, Peridroma margaritosaTime for concern: June through AugustKey characteristics: The adult is a brown moth that lays eggs in masses of 60 or more. Larvae are nocturnal, seldom seenduring the day, and curl into a C when disturbed. Mature larvae, 1 1/4 to 1 3/4 inches in length, may appear “greasy.” Larvaefeed on aerial parts of the potato plant, producing defoliation similar in appearance to that caused by the Colorado potatobeetle except that most feeding occurs on the lower half of the plant. Tubers are seldom damaged by direct feeding. Yieldscan be reduced if substantial defoliation occurs during tuber initiation and bulking. See Reference 111, Cornell HUfactsheetUH(Reference 110) and HUlife cycleUH (Reference 112).Risk Assessment: This is an occasional problem in potatoesManagement Option Scouting/thresholds Resistant varieties Natural enemies Insecticide use Recommendation for Climbing Cutworm Examine the foliage in the evening for the presence of larvae and signs of feeding. Also examine wet, low-­‐ lying areas of the field for the presence of larvae. Examine 25 randomly chosen plants. Threshold: when the population reaches an average of three larvae per stem or if post-­‐bloom defoliation exceeds 15 percent of the vine. No resistant varieties are available. Naturally occurring predators, parasitoids, and pathogens help suppress infestations. Use Reference 94 or Cornell’s Guide to Natural Enemies (Reference 95) for identification of natural enemies. Larvae are present on the foliage only during the evening, and insecticides will be most effective if applied during this period or near dusk. Thorough coverage of the foliage and soil surface is essential for good management. This may require the use of application equipment delivering at least 50 GPA at pressures of 60 psi or more. At the time this guide was produced, the following materials were labeled in New York State for managing this pest and were allowable for organic production. Listing a pest on a pesticide label does not assure the pesticide’s effectiveness. The registration status of pesticides can and does change. Pesticides must be currently registered with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) to be used legally in NY. Those pesticides meeting requirements in EPA Ruling 40 CFR Part 152.25(b) (also known as 25(b) pesticides) do not require registration. Current NY pesticide registrations can be checked on the Pesticide Product, Ingredient, and Manufacturer System (PIMS website) http://pims.psur.cornell.edu/ (Reference 3). ALWAYS CHECK WITH YOUR CERTIFIER before using a new product. 732012