potato 5-9-12 CLEAN - Vegetableipmasia.org

ORGANIC POTATO PRODUCTION Table 15.2 Pesticides Labeled for Management of Aphids Class of Compounds Product Name (active ingredient) Product Rate PHI (days) REI (hours) Efficacy Comments Glacial Spray Fluid (mineral oil) 0.75-­‐1 gal/100g Up to day of harvest 4 2 See label for specific application volumes. Golden Pest Spray Oil (soybean oil) 2 gal/A -­‐ 4 2 Organocide (sesame oil) 1-­‐2 gal/100 gal water -­‐ -­‐ 2 25(b) pesticide Saf-­‐T-­‐Side (petroleum oil) 1-­‐2 gal/100 gal water Up to day of harvest 4 2 SuffOil-­‐X (petroleum oil) 1-­‐2 gal/100 gal water Up to day of harvest 4 2 Do not mix with sulfur products. Trilogy (hydrophobic extract of neem oil) SOAP M-­‐Pede (potassium salts of fatty acids) OTHER Sil-­‐Matrix (potassium silicate) 1-­‐2% in 25-­‐100 gallons of water per acre 1 –2% volume to volume 0.5-­‐1% solution -­‐ 4 ? Limited to a maximum of 2 lbs/acre/application. 0 12 3 green peach aphids 1 other aphids Soap based products effective in 0/9 trials on green peach aphid but effective in 6/8 trials on other aphids. Apply in sufficient volume to wet both upper and lower leaf surfaces. Foliage contact and coverage extremely important. For green peach aphid control, M-­‐Pede must be mixed with another labeled product. 0 4 ? Apply 20 gallons finished spray/A. SucraShield (sucrose octanoate esters) 0.8-­‐1% vol to vol solution 0 48 ? Use between 25 and 400 gal of mix per acre. PHI = pre-­‐harvest interval, REI = restricted entry interval. -­‐ = pre-­‐harvest interval isn't specified on label. Efficacy: 1-­‐ effective in half or more of recent university trials, 2-­‐ effective in less than half of recent university trials, 3-­‐not effective in any known trials, ?-­‐ not reviewed or no research available 15.3 Potato Leafhopper, Empoasca fabaeTime for concern: Early June through AugustKey characteristics: Adult is wedge-shaped, iridescent green in color, and 1/8 inch long. The body is widest at the head.Eggs are laid singly on the underside of leaves. Both adults and nymphs are very active, running forward, backward, orsideways. The potato leafhopper (PLH) feeds on plant sap in leaflets, petioles and stems and injects a toxin into the plant’svascular system in the process. PLH damage can stunt potato plants, and kill seedlings. The symptoms produced by feedinghave been termed “hopperburn,” the first sign of which is whitening of the veins. These areas become flaccid and yellow incolor, then desiccate, turn brown, and die. Leaf curling may occur. The entire process takes four to five days. See AlternativeManagement Techniques video (Reference 105), HUfact sheetUH (Reference 106) and HUlife cycleUH and HUdamageUH (Reference 107).Relative Risk: Leafhoppers are a threat every growing season. Short of late blight, leafhoppers are the most serious pest ofpotato. Yield reductions on susceptible varieties can be up to 50% to 90% depending on how early in the season the damageoccurs. Leafhoppers normally move into New York on air currents from the south and west resulting in more seriousproblems in Western NY.672012