potato 5-9-12 CLEAN - Vegetableipmasia.org

ORGANIC POTATO PRODUCTION 13.2 Golden nematode, Globodera rostochiensisTime for concern: Throughout the growing seasonKey characteristics: This is a regulated pest, which means the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services (APHIS)recognize it as having the potential to cause serious economic and environmental damage and movement of any material thatmight harbor this pest is tightly monitored. New York is the only state to have golden nematode. See (APHIS) HUfactsheetUHReference 91) and Cornell HUhistory of golden nematodeUH (Reference 92). Nematode damage will result in reduced yield, but moreimportantly presence of golden nematode results in farm quarantine, severely limiting marketing options. Symptoms aresimilar to early dying disease showing necrosis of foliage and dieback under severe infestations. Populations build up slowlyover years.Risk assessment: If detected, farm will be under quarantine restrictions.Management Option Scouting/thresholds Resistant varieties Seed selection/treatment Crop rotation Site selection and Sanitation Compounds Recommendation for Golden Nematode Golden nematode populations build slowly and must be extremely high in order to be reliably detected. When nematodes are detected, it is too late for control and nematodes will likely have been spread to other farms. The New York state and federal quarantine program has been effective in limiting spread from known areas of infection and keeping populations at very low levels. Golden nematodes are controlled well by planting resistant varieties. Varieties are available with resistance to race Ro1 of the golden nematode (See Table 6.1.2), but not to race Ro2. Regulatory authorities mandate the use of resistant potato varieties as a method of control. Plant phytosanitary certified seed. Rotate away from solanaceous crops to non-­‐host crops such as corn, soybeans, or wheat. Be sure to minimize the number of solanaceous weeds in the field. Growers should know if they are in a quarantined town and if purchased equipment came from a quarantine town. No pesticides are available to manage golden nematode. At the time this guide was produced, the following materials were labeled in New York State for managing this pest and were allowable for organic production. Listing a pest on a pesticide label does not assure the pesticide’s effectiveness. The registration status of pesticides can and does change. Pesticides must be currently registered with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) to be used legally in NY. Those pesticides meeting requirements in EPA Ruling 40 CFR Part 152.25(b) (also known as 25(b) pesticides) do not require registration. Current NY pesticide registrations can be checked on the Pesticide Product, Ingredient, and Manufacturer System (PIMS website) http://pims.psur.cornell.edu/ (Reference 3). ALWAYS CHECK WITH YOUR CERTIFIER before using a new product. Table 13 Pesticides Labeled for Management of Nematodes Class of Compounds Product Name (active ingredient) Product Rate PHI (days) REI (hours) Efficacy Comments Nema-­‐Q (saponins of Quillaja saponaria) 1.5 – 3 gal/A -­‐ 24 ? Light to moderate infestation: 1.5 gal/a rate – apply in 150-­‐300 gal water/acre Heavy infestation: 3.0 gal/a rate – apply in 300-­‐600 gal water/acre 59B PHI = pre-­‐harvest interval, REI = restricted entry interval. -­‐ = pre-­‐harvest interval isn't specified on label. Efficacy: 1-­‐ effective in half or more of recent university trials, 2-­‐ effective in less than half of recent university trials, 3-­‐not effective in any known trials, ?-­‐ not reviewed or no research available 562012