potato 5-9-12 CLEAN - Vegetableipmasia.org

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.General Organic Management Practices ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Organic Certification ........................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Organic Farm Plan .............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Critical management strategies .......................................................................................................................... 1 2. Soil Health ....................................................................................................................................................... 2 3. Cover Crops ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 3.1 Goals and Timing for Cover Crops ...................................................................................................................... 2 3.2 Legume Cover Crops ........................................................................................................................................... 3 3.3 Non-­‐legume Cover Crops ................................................................................................................................... 3 3.4 Combining Legumes and Non-­‐legumes .............................................................................................................. 3 3.5 Biofumigant Cover Crops .................................................................................................................................... 3 4. Field Selection ................................................................................................................................................. 5 4.1 Certification Requirements ................................................................................................................................ 5 4.2 Crop Rotation Plan ............................................................................................................................................. 6 4.3 Pest History ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 4.4 Soil and Air Drainage .......................................................................................................................................... 8 5. Weed Management ......................................................................................................................................... 8 5.1 Record Keeping ................................................................................................................................................... 8 5.2 Weed Management Methods ............................................................................................................................ 8 6. Recommended Varieties ................................................................................................................................ 10 7. Planting Methods .......................................................................................................................................... 15 7.1 Seed Sources .................................................................................................................................................... 15 7.2 Seed Preparation and Handling ........................................................................................................................ 15 7.3 Planting ............................................................................................................................................................. 16 8. Crop & Soil Nutrient Management ................................................................................................................. 16 8.1 Fertility ............................................................................................................................................................. 17 8.2 Preparing an Organic Nutrient Budget ............................................................................................................. 17 9. Moisture Management ................................................................................................................................. 20 10. Harvesting ................................................................................................................................................... 20 10.1 Vine Killing ...................................................................................................................................................... 20 10.2 Early Maturity and Timely Harvest. ................................................................................................................ 20 10.3 Storage Facility Sanitation .............................................................................................................................. 21 10.4 Curing and Storage ......................................................................................................................................... 21 10.5 Sprout Suppressors ........................................................................................................................................ 21 11. USING ORGANIC PESTICIDES ........................................................................................................................ 22 11.1 Sprayer Calibration and Application ............................................................................................................... 22 11.2 Regulatory Considerations ............................................................................................................................. 22 11.3 Optimizing Pesticide Effectiveness ................................................................................................................. 23 12. Disease Management ................................................................................................................................... 23 12.1 Bacterial Soft Rot, Erwinia spp. ...................................................................................................................... 26 12.2 Fusarium Dry Rot primarily Fusarium sambucinum, but also F. coeruleum and F. graminearum ................. 27 12.3 Early Blight, primarily Alternaria solani .......................................................................................................... 30 12.4 Late Blight, Phytophthora infestans ............................................................................................................... 32 12.5 Verticillium Wilt, Verticillium albo-­‐atrum and V. dahliae ............................................................................... 36 12.6 Fusarium Wilt, F. oxysporum and F. solani ..................................................................................................... 37 12.7 Black Dot Root Rot, Colletotrichum coccodes ................................................................................................. 38