Fire Hose, Nozzles, Streams, and Foam

16Fire Hose,Nozzles,Streams, andFoam

16Skill Drill 16-1Replacing the Swivel Gasket (1 of 2)1. Fold the new gasket,bringing the thumb andforefinger together andcreating two loops.2. Place either of the twoloops into the coupling andagainst the gasket seat.

16Skill Drill 16-1Replacing the Swivel Gasket (2 of 2)3. Using the thumb, pushthe remaining unseatedportions into the couplinguntil the entire gasket isproperly positionedagainst the coupling seat.

Skill Drill 16-2Performing the One-Fire Fighter Foot-TiltMethod of Coupling a Fire Hose (1 of 2)161. Place one foot on thehose behind the malecoupling. Push down withyour foot to tilt the malecoupling upward.2. Place one hand behindthe female coupling andgrasp the hose.

Skill Drill 16-2Performing the One-Fire Fighter Foot-TiltMethod of Coupling a Fire Hose (2 of 2)163. Place the other hand onthe coupling swivel. Bringthe two couplings togetherand align the Higbeeindicators. Rotate theswivel in a clockwisedirection to connect thehoses.

Skill Drill 16-3Performing the Two-Fire Fighter Method ofCoupling a Fire Hose (1 of 3)161. Pick up the male end ofthe coupling. Grasp itbehind the coupling andhold it against the body.2. The second fire fighterholds the female couplingfirmly with both hands.

Skill Drill 16-3Performing the Two-Fire Fighter Method ofCoupling a Fire Hose (2 of 3)163. The second fire fighterbrings the female couplingto the male coupling.4. The second fire fighteraligns the female couplingwith the male coupling. Usethe Higbee indicators.

Skill Drill 16-3Performing the Two-Fire Fighter Method ofCoupling a Fire Hose (3 of 3)165. The second fire fighterturns the female couplingcounterclockwise until itclicks, which indicates thatthe threads are aligned.6. Turn the female couplingclockwise to couple thehoses.

Skill Drill 16-4Performing the One-Fire Fighter Knee-PressMethod of Uncoupling a Fire Hose (1 of 2)161. Pick up the connection bythe female coupling end.2. Turn the connectionupright, resting the malecoupling on a firm surface.

Skill Drill 16-4Performing the One-Fire Fighter Knee-PressMethod of Uncoupling a Fire Hose (2 of 2)163. Place a knee on thefemale coupling and pressdown on it with your bodyweight. Turn the femaleswivel counterclockwiseand loosen the coupling.

Skill Drill 16-5Performing the Two-Fire Fighter Stiff-ArmMethod of Uncoupling a Fire Hose (1 of 2)161. Two fire fighters faceeach other and firmly grasptheir respective coupling.2. With elbows lockedstraight, the fire fighterspush toward each other.

Skill Drill 16-5Performing the Two-Fire Fighter Stiff-ArmMethod of Uncoupling a Fire Hose (2 of 2)163. While pushing towardeach other, the fire fightersturn the couplingcounterclockwise,loosening the coupling.

16Skill Drill 16-6Uncoupling a Hose with Spanners (1 of 2)1. With the connection onthe ground, straddle theconnection above thefemale coupling.2. Place one spannerwrench on the femalecoupling with the handle ofthe wrench to the left.

16Skill Drill 16-6Uncoupling a Hose with Spanners (2 of 2)3. Place the second spannerwrench on the malecoupling with the handle ofthe wrench to the right.4. Push both spannerhandles down toward theground, loosening theconnection.

Skill Drill 16-7Connecting Two Lines with a DamagedCoupling1. Using a hose jacket, open the hose jacket andplace the damaged coupling in one end.2. Place the second coupling in the other end ofthe jacket.3. Close the hose jacket, ensuring that the latchis secure. Slowly bring the hose line up topressure, allowing the gaskets to seal aroundthe hose ends.16

16Skill Drill 16-8Cleaning and Maintaining Hoses (1 of 2)1. Lay the hose out flat.Rinse the hose with water.2. Gently scrub the hosewith mild detergent, payingattention to soiled areas.

16Skill Drill 16-8Cleaning and Maintaining Hoses (2 of 2)3. Turn over the hose andrepeat steps 1 and 2. Givea final rinse to the hosewith water. Lay or hangthe hose and allow it todry before properly storingit.

16Skill Drill 16-9Marking a Defective HoseInspect the hose fordefects. Upon finding adefect, mark the area onthe hose and remove thehose from service. Tagthe hose as defective witha description of the defect,take it out of service, andnotify your superiors.

16Skill Drill 16-11Performing a Straight Hose Roll (1 of 2)1. Lay the length of hose tobe rolled flat and straight.2. Begin by rolling the malecoupling over on top of thehose.

16Skill Drill 16-11Performing a Straight Hose Roll (2 of 2)3. Roll the hose to thefemale coupling.4. Set the hose roll on itsside, and tap any protrudinghose flat with a foot.

16Skill Drill 16-12Performing a Single-Doughnut Roll (1 of 2)1. Place the hose flat and ina straight line.2. Locate the midpoint of thehose.

16Skill Drill 16-12Performing a Single-Doughnut Roll (2 of 2)3. From the midpoint, move5 feet toward the malecoupling end. Start rollingtoward the female coupling.4. Wrap the excess hose ofthe female end over themale coupling to protect thethreads.

16Skill Drill 16-13Performing a Twin-Doughnut Roll (1 of 2)1. Lay the hose flat and in astraight line.2. Bring the male couplingalongside the femalecoupling.

16Skill Drill 16-13Performing a Twin-Doughnut Roll (2 of 2)3. Fold the far end over androll toward the couplings,creating a double roll.4. The roll can be carried byhand, rope, or strap.

Skill Drill 16-14Performing a Self-Locking Twin-DoughnutRoll (1 of 3)161. Lay the hose flat andbring the couplingsalongside each other.2. Move one side of thehose over the other,creating a loop. This loop isthe carrying shoulder loop.

Skill Drill 16-14Performing a Self-Locking Twin-DoughnutRoll (2 of 3)163. Bring the loop backtoward the couplings to thepoint where the hosecrosses.4. Where the hose crosses,roll the hose toward thecouplings with the loop asits center.

Skill Drill 16-14Performing a Self-Locking Twin-DoughnutRoll (3 of 3)165. On completion of therolling, position thecouplings on the top ofthe rolls.6. Position the loops so oneis larger than the other.Pass the larger loop overthe couplings.

16Skill Drill 16-15Performing a Forward Hose Lay (1 of 2)1. Grasp enough hose toreach and loop around thehydrant. Signal thedriver/operator to proceedonce the hose is secured.2. Remove the appropriatesizehydrant cap nearest tothe fire. Attach the supplyhose to the outlet.

16Skill Drill 16-15Performing a Forward Hose Lay (2 of 2)3. The driver/operatorsignals to charge thehose. Slowly open thehydrant completely. Followthe hose back to theengine and remove anykinks from the supply line.

Skill Drill 16-16Attaching a Hose to a Four-Way HydrantValve (1 of 3)161. Grasp the four-way valve,the attached hose, andenough hose to reach toand loop around thehydrant.2. Remove the steamer portfrom the fire hydrant. Attachthe four-way valve and thehydrant wrench.

Skill Drill 16-16Attaching a Hose to a Four-Way HydrantValve (2 of 3)163. When the supply enginearrives at the fire scene, thedriver/operator stops at thehydrant.4. The driver/operatorattaches a hose from thefour-way valve outlet to theintake side of the engine.

Skill Drill 16-16Attaching a Hose to a Four-Way HydrantValve (3 of 3)165. Attach a second hose tothe inlet side of the four-wayvalve and connect the otherend to the pump discharge.6. Change the position of thefour-way valve to direct theflow from the hydrantthrough the supply engineand into the line.

16Skill Drill 16-17Performing a Reverse Hose Lay (1 of 3)1. Pull sufficient hose toreach from the supplyengine to the inlet of theattack engine.2. The supply engine drivesaway, laying out hose fromthe attack engine to thewater source.

16Skill Drill 16-17Performing a Reverse Hose Lay (2 of 3)3. Connect the supply line tothe inlet of the attackengine.4. The supply engineuncouples the supply hoseand attaches it to thedischarge side.

16Skill Drill 16-17Performing a Reverse Hose Lay (3 of 3)5. The driver/operatorconnects the supplyengine to the hydrant orwater source. Upon thesignal from the attackengine, the supply enginedriver/operator chargesthe supply line.

16Skill Drill 16-18Performing a Split Hose Lay (1 of 4)1. The driver/operator of the first-arriving enginecompany stops at the intersection or drivewayentrance.2. Remove the supply line from the hose bed andanchor it in a kneeling position.3. The driver/operator proceeds slowly toward thestructure fire.

16Skill Drill 16-18Performing a Split Hose Lay (2 of 4)4. Either proceed by foot to the structure fire orwait at the intersection for the supply engine.Follow the local SOP.5. If the supply engine returns to the structurefire, it first stops and connects the supply hoseto the hose end laid in the street by the attackengine. If threaded couplings are used, adouble-male adaptor may be required.

16Skill Drill 16-18Performing a Split Hose Lay (3 of 4)6. If the supply engine remains at theintersection, anchor the supply line from thesecond engine company. After the hose is laidto a hydrant, connect the two lines to form onesupply line.7. The driver/operator of the attack engine startspumping water from the booster tank andconnects the supply hose to the pump intake.

16Skill Drill 16-18Performing a Split Hose Lay (4 of 4)8. The driver/operator of the supply enginepositions the apparatus at the hydrantaccording to the local SOP.9. The driver/operator of the supply engine pullsoff hose from the hose bed until the nextcoupling. The hose is broken at this connectionand is connected to the pump discharge or thefour-way hydrant valve. Follow the local SOP.10. Upon the signal from the attack engine, thesupply engine driver/operator charges the line.

16Skill Drill 16-19Performing a Flat Hose Load (1 of 3)1. For a forward lay, placethe male coupling in first.For a reverse lay, place thefemale coupling in first.2. Start the hose lay with thecoupling at the front end ofthe hose compartment.

16Skill Drill 16-19Performing a Flat Hose Load (2 of 3)3. Fold the hose back onitself at the rear of the hosebed.4. Run the hose back to thefront end on top of theprevious length of hose.Fold the hose back on itself.

16Skill Drill 16-19Performing a Flat Hose Load (3 of 3)5. While laying the hoseback to the rear of the hosebed, angle the hose to theside of the previous fold.6. Continue to lay the hosein neat folds until the wholehose bed is covered with alayer of hose.

16Skill Drill 16-20Performing a Horseshoe Hose Load (1 of 3)1. For a forward lay, startwith the male coupling in therear corner. For a reverselay, start with the femalecoupling in the rear corner.2. Lay the first length ofhose on its edge against theright or left wall of the hosebed.

16Skill Drill 16-20Performing a Horseshoe Hose Load (2 of 3)3. At the front, lay the hoseacross the width of the bedand continue down theopposite side.4. Fold the hose back onitself and continue laying itback toward the front of thehose bed.

16Skill Drill 16-20Performing a Horseshoe Hose Load (3 of 3)5. Continue to pack thehose on the first layer.Once the center of thehorseshoe is filled in,begin a second layer.Complete additional layersusing the same pattern asused for the first layer.

16Skill Drill 16-21Performing an Accordion Hose Load (1 of 2)1. Lay the first length ofhose in the hose bed on itsedge against the side of thehose bed.2. Double the hose back onitself at the rear of the hosebed. Leave the female endextended.

16Skill Drill 16-21Performing an Accordion Hose Load (2 of 2)3. Fold the hose at the frontof the hose bed so that thebend is even to the edge ofthe hose bed.4. Alternate the length of thehose folds at each end toallow more room for thefolded ends.

Skill Drill 16-22Attaching a Soft Suction Hose to a FireHydrant (1 of 5)161. The driver/operatorpositions the apparatus sothat its inlet is the correctdistance from the hydrant.2. Remove the hose, anyneeded adaptors, and thehydrant wrench.

Skill Drill 16-22Attaching a Soft Suction Hose to a FireHydrant (2 of 5)163. Attach the soft suctionhose to the inlet of theengine if it is not alreadyattached to the engineintake.4. Unroll the hose.

Skill Drill 16-22Attaching a Soft Suction Hose to a FireHydrant (3 of 5)165. Remove the large hydrantcap.6. Attach the soft suctionhose to the hydrant.

Skill Drill 16-22Attaching a Soft Suction Hose to a FireHydrant (4 of 5)167. Ensure that there are nokinks or sharp bends in thehose that might restrict theflow of water.8. Open the hydrant slowlywhen so indicated by thedriver/operator. Check allconnections for leaks.

Skill Drill 16-22Attaching a Soft Suction Hose to a FireHydrant (5 of 5)169. Place chafing blocksunder the hose where itcontacts the ground toprevent mechanicalabrasion.

Skill Drill 16-23Attaching a Hard Suction Hose to a FireHydrant (1 of 2)161. The driver/operatorpositions the apparatus sothat the intake is located thecorrect distance from thehydrant.2. Remove the pump inletcap. Remove the hydrantsteamer outlet cap. Removea section of hard suctionhose.

Skill Drill 16-23Attaching a Hard Suction Hose to a FireHydrant (2 of 2)163. Connect the hard suctionhose to the large intake onthe engine.4. Connect the opposite endto the hydrant. Slowly openthe hydrant when instructedby the driver/operator.

16Skill Drill 16-24Performing a Minuteman Hose Load (1 of 3)1. Connect the female endof the first length of hose tothe discharge outlet.2. Flat load the hose even tothe edges of the hose bed.

16Skill Drill 16-24Performing a Minuteman Hose Load (2 of 3)3. Assemble the remaininghose sections and attachthe nozzle. Place the nozzleon the hose bed.4. Load the remaining 100feet of hose into the bed,alternating the folds.

16Skill Drill 16-24Performing a Minuteman Hose Load (3 of 3)5. Connect the last sectionloaded to the first sectionplaced in the bed.6. Lay the remaining loosehose on top of the load.

16Skill Drill 16-25Advancing a Minuteman Hose Load (1 of 2)1. Grasp the nozzle and thefolds next to it.2. Pull the load one third outof the bed.

16Skill Drill 16-25Advancing a Minuteman Hose Load (2 of 2)3. Place the load on theshoulder. Walk away fromthe apparatus until all hoseis clear of the hose bed.4. Continue walking away,pulling the remaining hosefrom the hose bed.

16Skill Drill 16-26Performing a Preconnected Flat Load (1 of 2)1. Attach the female end ofthe hose to the preconnectdischarge.2. Begin laying the hose flatin the hose bed.

16Skill Drill 16-26Performing a Preconnected Flat Load (2 of 2)3. Make an 8-inch loop atthe end of the hose bed.Make a second pulling loopthat is about twice the sizeof the first loop.4. Finish loading the hose,attach the nozzle, and placeit on top of the hose bed.

16Skill Drill 16-27Advancing a Preconnected Flat Hose Load (1 of 3)1. Place an arm through thelarger lower loop. Grasp thesmaller loop with the samehand.2. Grasp the nozzle with theopposite hand.

16Skill Drill 16-27Advancing a Preconnected Flat Hose Load (2 of 3)3. Pull the load from thebed.4. Walk away from thevehicle.

16Skill Drill 16-27Advancing a Preconnected Flat Hose Load (3 of 3)5. As the load deploys,drop the small loop.Extend the remaininghose to length.

16Skill Drill 16-28Performing a Triple-Layer Hose Load (1 of 3)1. Attach the female end ofthe hose to the preconnectdischarge.2. Connect the sections ofhose together.

16Skill Drill 16-28Performing a Triple-Layer Hose Load (2 of 3)3. Extend the hose directlyfrom the hose bed. Pick upthe hose two-thirds of thedistance from the dischargeto the hose nozzle.4. Carry the hose back tothe apparatus, forming athree-layer loop.

16Skill Drill 16-28Performing a Triple-Layer Hose Load (3 of 3)5. Pick up the entire lengthof folded hose.6. Lay the tripled foldedhose in the hose bed in anS-shape with the nozzle ontop.

16Skill Drill 16-29Advancing a Triple-Layer Hose Load (1 of 3)1. Grasp the nozzle and thetop fold.2. Turn away from the hosebed and place the hose onthe shoulder.

16Skill Drill 16-29Advancing a Triple-Layer Hose Load (2 of 3)3. Walk away from vehicleuntil the entire load is out ofthe bed.4. When the load is out ofthe bed, drop the fold.

16Skill Drill 16-29Advancing a Triple-Layer Hose Load (1 of 3)5. Extend the nozzle theremaining distance.

16Skill Drill 16-30Unloading and Advancing Wyed Lines (1 of 2)1. Grasp one of the attacklines and pull it from thebed.2. Pull the second attackline from the bed and placeit far enough from the firstline so that you can walkbetween the hose lines.

16Skill Drill 16-30Unloading and Advancing Wyed Lines (2 of 2)3. Grasp the gated wye andpull it from the bed. Placethe gated wye so that oneattack line is on the otherside.4.The individual attack linescan now be extended.

16Skill Drill 16-31Performing a Working Hose Drag (1 of 3)1. Place the end of the hoseover the shoulder.2. Hold onto the couplingwith the hand.

16Skill Drill 16-31Performing a Working Hose Drag (2 of 3)3. Walk in the direction youwant to advance the hose.4. As the next hose couplingis ready to come off thehose bed, a second firefighter grasps the coupling.

16Skill Drill 16-31Performing a Working Hose Drag (3 of 3)5. Continue this processuntil enough hose hasbeen pulled out of thehose bed.

16Skill Drill 16-32Performing a Shoulder Carry (1 of 2)1. Grasp the end of the hoseand place it over yourshoulder. Have a secondfire fighter place additionalhose on your shoulder.2. Continue to hold the hoseand move forward about 15feet. A second fire fighterthen stands at the tailboardto receive a load of hose.

16Skill Drill 16-32Performing a Shoulder Carry (1 of 2)3. When enough fire fightershave received hose loads,the hose can be uncoupledfrom the hose bed.4. All of the fire fighters startwalking toward the fire.Each fire fighter lays out hisor her supply of hose.

16Skill Drill 16-33Advancing an Accordion Load (1 of 3)1. Using two hands, graspthe end of the load and thenumber of folds it will take tomake an adequate shoulderload.2. Pull the accordion loadabout one third of the wayoff the apparatus.

16Skill Drill 16-33Advancing an Accordion Load (2 of 3)3. Twist the folds so theybecome flat,with the end ofthe accordion load on thebottom of the load.4. Transfer the hose to theopposite shoulder whileturning so that you face inthe direction you will walk.

16Skill Drill 16-33Advancing an Accordion Load (3 of 3)5. Place the shoulder loadover your shoulder andgrasp it tightly with bothhands.6. Walk away from theapparatus, pulling theshoulder load out of thehose bed.

16Skill Drill 16-34Advancing a Hose Line Up a Stairway (1 of 2)1. Use a shoulder carry toadvance up the stairs.2. When ascending thestairway, lay the hoseagainst the outside of thestairs to reduce trippinghazards.

16Skill Drill 16-34Advancing a Hose Line Up a Stairway (2 of 2)3. Arrange excess hose sothat it is available to firefighters entering the firefloor.

16Skill Drill 16-35Advancing a Hose Line Down a Stairway (1 of 2)1. Advance a charged hoseline.2. Descend stairs feet first.If there is smoke, positionyourself underneath it.

16Skill Drill 16-35Advancing a Hose Line Down a Stairway (2 of 2)3. Position fire fighters atareas where hose linescould snag.

Skill Drill 16-36Advancing an Uncharged Hose Line Up aLadder (1 of 3)161. Advance the hose line tothe ladder.2. Pick up the nozzle; placethe hose across the chest,with the nozzle draped overthe shoulder.

Skill Drill 16-36Advancing an Uncharged Hose Line Up aLadder (2 of 3)163. Climb up the ladder withthe uncharged hose line.Enforce a limit of one firefighter per fly section.4. The nozzle is placed overthe top rung of the ladderand advanced into the firearea.

Skill Drill 16-36Advancing an Uncharged Hose Line Up aLadder (3 of 3)165. Additional hose can befed up the ladder untilsufficient hose is inposition. The hose can besecured to the ladder witha hose strap to support itsweight and keep it frombecoming dislodged.

16Skill Drill 16-37Operating a Hose Stream from a Ladder (1 of 2)1. Climb the ladder with ahose line to the height atwhich the line will beoperated.2. Place the hose andsecure the hose to theladder with a rope hose tool,rope, or piece of webbing.

16Skill Drill 16-37Operating a Hose Stream from a Ladder (2 of 2)3. Carefully operate thehose stream from theladder. Be careful whenopening and closingnozzles and redirectingthe stream because of thenozzle backpressure. Thisforce could destabilize theladder.

Skill Drill 16-38Connecting a Hose Line to Supply a FireDepartment Connection (1 of 2)161. Extend a hose line fromthe engine discharge to thefire department connection.2. Remove the caps on thestandpipe inlet.

Skill Drill 16-38Connecting a Hose Line to Supply a FireDepartment Connection (1 of 2)163. Visually inspect theinterior of the connectionto ensure that there is nodebris that could obstructthe water flow. Attach thehose line to theconnection. Notify thedriver/operator when theconnection has beencompleted.

Skill Drill 16-39Connecting and Advancing an AttackLine from a Standpipe Outlet (1 of 2)161. Carry a standpipe hosebundle to the standpipeconnection below the fire.Remove the cap fromstandpipe.2. Attach the proper adaptoror an appliance such as agated wye.

Skill Drill 16-39Connecting and Advancing an AttackLine from a Standpipe Outlet (2 of 2)163. Flake the hose up thestairs to the floor above thefire.4. Extend the hose to thefire floor and prepare for thefire attack.

Skill Drill 16-40Replacing a Defective Hose Section1. Shut down or clamp off the damaged line.2. Remove the damaged section of the hose.3. Replace the damaged section with two newsections to ensure that the hose’s length willbe adequate. Restore the water flow.16

16Skill Drill 16-41Draining a Hose (1 of 2)1. Lay the section of hosestraight on a flat surface.2. Start at one end of thesection, lift the hose toshoulder level.

16Skill Drill 16-41Draining a Hose (2 of 2)3. Move down the length ofhose, folding it back andforth over the shoulder.4. Continue down the lengthuntil the entire section is onthe shoulder.

16Skill Drill 16-42Operating a Smooth-Bore Nozzle (1 of 3)1. Select the desired tip sizeand attach the nozzle shutoffvalve.2. Attain a stable stance (ifstanding).

16Skill Drill 16-42Operating a Smooth-Bore Nozzle (2 of 3)3. Slowly open the valve,allowing water to flow.4. Open the valvecompletely to achievemaximum effectiveness.

16Skill Drill 16-42Operating a Smooth-Bore Nozzle (3 of 3)5. Direct the stream to thedesired location.

16Skill Drill 16-43Operating a Fog-Stream Nozzle (1 of 2)1. Attain a stable stance (ifstanding).2. Slowly open the valve,allowing water to flow.

16Skill Drill 16-43Operating a Fog-Stream Nozzle (2 of 2)3. Open the valvecompletely.4. Select the desired waterpattern by rotating the bezelof the nozzle. Apply waterwhere needed.