청각장애인의 직업적응력에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구 한양 ...

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3. 251) 262) 264. 272 291. 292. 303 314 361 362 371. 372. 371) 372) 383 381. 391) 392) 392. 401) 402) 403. 41- ii -

1) 412) 424. 435 441 441. 442. 441) 452) 473) 484) 502 521. 522. 531) 532) 543) 554) 565) 576) 583 591. 601) 1- 1 612) 1- 2 62- iii -

2. 631) 2- 1 642) 2- 2 653. 661) 3- 1 672) 3- 2 674. 685. 706 741 742 761. 762. 77 79 - iv -

8 18 39 41 42 43 () 46 47 () 49 () 50 () 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 60 63 66 69 71- v -

[3- 1] 29[3- 2] 30[5- 1] 53[5- 2] 54[5- 3] 55[5- 4] 56[5- 5] 57[5- 6] 58[5- 7] 60[5- 8] 64[5- 9] 66[5- 10] 70[5- 11] 73- v i -

1 1 , . . . , . . . ., , . . - 1 -

. ., , . ., , , . . ? ? .2 .., . . - 2 -

., . , . . ., ,, . .3 1. , . . ., . - 3 -

., , .2. , . , . , ., . 2. 1. , ., SPSSWin, , .- 4 -

2 1 . . 1), Hursh & Kerns, (Support - netw ork), , . 2)Hershenson 3) . 3. , (work personality ), , , , , 1) , , ,1992, p. 4.2) N. C. Hursh and A. F. Kerns, Vocay ional E valuation in Sp ecial E ducation,London: T aylor & Francis, Ltd., 1988, pp. 157- 158.3) David B. Hershenson, "Work Adjustment, Disability and the T hree R' s ofVocational Rehabilitation: A Conceptual Model", R ehabilitation Couns elingB ulletin, Vol. 25, 1981, p. 91, , , 1987, p. 28.- 5 -

. , . .Dawis, , . 4), . 5) , . , . .MacGowanPorter 6) , , , , .OettingMiller 7) 11, 4) Anne and MacEachron, "Competitive Employment T raining for Mentally RetardedAdults: T he Supported Work Model", A m erican J ournal of M ental D ef iciency ,Vol. 86, No. 6, 1986, pp. 650- 651, , p. 27.5) Anne and MacEachron, op. cit., pp. 650- 651, , p. 28.6) John F . Macgowan and T homas L. Porter, A n Introduction to the VocationalR ehabilitation P rocess , Washington: T he Superintendent of Document U.S.Government Printing Office, 1967, p. 6.7) Gene Oetting & C. Dean Miller, 1977, Work and the Disadvantaged: T he WorkAdjustment Hierarchy, The P ersonnel and Guidance J ournal, Vol. 55, No. 1, p. 29- 6 -

. , , , . 3OettingMiller, , .Callkins 8) , - . , .., ? . 9 ), , 1987, p. 28.8) C. F . Callkins & H. M. Walker, Social Comp etence f or W orker withD evelop m ental D isabilities, Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., 1990, p. 3, , p. 8.9) , , p. 29.- 7 -

.1, 2, 3, , , ..< 2 - 1> Hursh & Kerns, , , .Hershenson (, ), (, , ), 3.Callkins. ., .- 8 -

DawisMcGowan &PorterGene Peting &C. Peun Miller(vocational adjustment ), , . ., ., , , , ., , .2 10 ) ,, , . . ,10) , , ,1973, pp. 22- 23.- 9 -

. , . , , , .. , ., , . 11) , , . . , ., . , ., 11) , , , 1997.- 10 -

. 12) , . , , , , , . . 13 ) . , .. , , , 12) , , , 1992.13) , , , 1987.- 11 -

, , . , , , ,5, ,, , , 5. , , , , , , ,. 14 ) , , , , , , , . 201, 3. 14) , , ,1992.- 12 -

, . 15 ) , , , ., , , . , , . , , ++. , 67%,, . 71%,65%. 15) , , , 1998.- 13 -

. , . , , . , , . , , , , , . 16 ) . , , , , . . , 16) , , , 1998.- 14 -

, , ., . , . , , , . , . . . . 17 ) , . , , 1426%. , , , , , , 17) , , , 1997.- 15 -

. , , , . , , , , . , , , , , . 18 ) , , . , ,, , , , , , , , , , , , . .. , , , , . 18) , , : , 1995.- 16 -

. , , , , . , , . . . . , . 19 ) , , 27.33%,, , .. 19) , , 8,, 1998, pp. 29- 48.- 17 -

, , , , , , ..< 2 - 2 > ,, (1992)().(1998)(1987)- - - - 3,t - ,,.., , ., .- 18 -

,(1992)t - ,...,,(1997), ().,, (1998)t - ,.,,.,(1997),...,, ..- 19 -

3 29. , , , , , . . ., , . ., . , t - , . , .- 20 -

3 1 3, , , . . . i) ii) . i) ii) , i) ii) . 20)1. , , , (work history ), , . .. 21). .20) 4 3 .21) , , 1992, p. 46.- 21 -

. . , 2.1) , (), , , , . ,, , . 22)., ,, , , , , . .2 ) (field)22) , , : , 1979, p. 37.- 22 -

. 23 ) , , . 24 ) , . 25) ..2. ,, , , , , , , , , ,. , , , , , , . 26)23) , , : , 1976, pp. 111- 121.24) , , : , 1983, pp. 17- 21.25) , , : , 1970, pp. 50- 51.26) , : , A uditory D isorders , 41, 6,1986, pp. 13- 21, , p. 12.- 23 -

, .1) (human relation ). . Roethlisberger, , Mee(morale). 27)Gross. , . 28)(morale). , , . 29 )27) , , : , 1989, p. 299.28) , , p. 23.29) , , : , 1997, p. 66.- 24 -

.2 ) . , , , . . . . .3. Lorenz, , , , , Saxon, , .- 25 -

. 30), 2.1) . .. 31). 153023, , , , . 32) .2 ) , 30) , , p. 18.31) , - - , , 1991, p. 37.32) , , , 1992, p. 31.- 26 -

, . , , , , . . . 33) , T reischmann, , 34 ) ..4. . , , ,., . . 35)33) J. Felton and M. Litman, "Study of employment of 222 men with spinal cordinjury", A rchives of P hy sical M edicine and R ehabilitation, Vol. 46, 1965,, 4, , 1994, p. 10.34) R. T reischmann, The p sy cholog ical, Social and Vocational A dj us tm ent inSp inal Cord Inj ury : A S trategy for F uture R es earch, Los Angeles : Easter SealSociety, 1978, , p. 11.- 27 -

Dawis, , . Satisfaction' Satisfactoriness '.Satisfactoriness '. Satisfaction '. Her shenon 36 ) 3. , , , . , .Callkins 37) , - ., .35) , , p. 26.36) David B. Hershenson, "Work Adjustment, Disability and the T hree R' s ofVocational T rhabilitation : A Conceptual Model", R ehabilitation CounselingB ulletin, Vol. 25, 1981, p. 91, , p. 28.37) C. F. Callkins & H. M. Walker, S ocial Comp etance for Worker withD evelop m ent D isabilities , Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., 1990, p. 3, , p. 8.- 28 -

2 1. , , . [3- 1].[ 3 - 1] H 1H 2H 33, 2.[3- 2].- 29 -

[ 3 - 2] H 1- 1H 1- 2 H 2- 1H 2- 2H 3- 1H 3- 22. , , , , , , , - 30 -

., ., (linear ), (a recur sive causality ). ., . . . . .3 .- 31 -

1 : .1- 1 : .( p < 0.05 )1- 1. . ,. 38).1- 2 : .( p < 0.05 )1- 2. . 38) , , p. 11.- 32 -

, . .2 : .2- 1 : .( p < 0.05 )2- 1. (human relation). . , .2- 2 : .( p < 0.05 )- 33 -

2- 2. ., , , . .3 : .3- 1 : .( p < 0.05 )3- 1. . Macgow an, , . 39).- 34 -

3- 2 : .( p < 0.05 )3- 2. , , . , , , , , ..39) J. F . Macgowan, "Referral, Evaluations and T reatment", in David Malikin andHerbert Rusalem eds., Vocational R ehabilitation of the D isabled: A n Overview,New York: New York University Press, 1969, p. 135, , p. 23.- 35 -

4 1 , , , . (additive model) 40) ., , , . . .40) ()(), . ,. , , 1998, p. 206.- 36 -

2 1. . . . . .2. 1) . . , .- 37 -

2 ) 41). , . . .3 . , .41) . , . . , .- 38 -

1. 1) . . i) ii) iii) iv ) .2 ) , . i) ii) iii) iv ) 4.< 4 - 1> () 1. 5 1 - 1 2. 5 1 - 2 3. 5 1 - 34. 5 1 - 41. 5 1 - 5 2. 5 1 - 6 3. 5 1 - 74. 5 1 - 8- 39 -

2. 1) . .i) ii) iii) iv ) .2 ) . , , , . i) ii) iii) iv ) v ) .- 40 -

4 - 2 > () 1. 5 2 - 12. 5 2 - 23. 5 2 - 34. 5 2 - 41. 5 2 - 52. 5 2 - 63. 5 2 - 74. 5 2 - 83. 1) . . , , . . i) ii) iii) iv ) - 41 -

.2 ) , . ,, , , . . i) ii) iii) iv ) .< 4 - 3 > () 1. 5 3 - 22. 5 3 - 33. 5 3 - 44. 5 3 - 51. 5 3 - 62. 5 3 - 73. 5 3 - 84. 5 3 - 9- 42 -

4. , i) ii) iii) iv ) v ) vi) vii) viii) ix ) x ) .15, . . . . . .< 4 - 4 > () 1. 5 4 - 12. 5 4 - 23. 5 4 - 34. 5 4 - 45. 5 4 - 56. 5 4 - 67. 5 4 - 78. 5 4 - 89. 5 4 - 910. 5 4 - 10- 43 -

5 1 1. Cronbach ' s Alpha. . .Alpha 0.9265. < 1>.2. , , . . 42). 42) - (multi- trait multi- method analysis). .- 44 -

. 1.0 .1) i) 4, ii) 4. . 1- 2 1- 8 . 6 . . ,(factorscore)VARIMAX . (factorrotation )(multicollinearity ). 43) I. 43) , , : , 1992, pp. 562- 564.- 45 -

II. ,. .< 5 - 1> ( )< (VARIMAX) > I II Com munality 0.888 - 0.040 0.790 0.803 0.225 0.696 0.527 0.387 0.427 - 0.061 0.823 0.513 0.208 0.761 0.681 0.348 0.626 0.622 1.879 1.851 h 2 =3.729(% ) 31.3 30.9(% ) 31.3 62.2I1.87931.3% , II1.85130.9% . 62.2%. 44) - 46 -

2 ) i) 4ii) 48.< 5 - 2 > < (VARIMAX) > I II Comm unality 0.804 0.117 0.661 0.801 0.307 0.737 0.750 0.019 0.562 0.692 0.340 0.594 0.025 0.858 0.736 0.090 0.803 0.653 0.364 0.702 0.625 0.360 0.652 0.554 2.601 2.522 h 2 =5.123(% ) 32.5 31.5(% ) 32.5 64.044) 622662.2% . 95% , 60% . , SPSS/ PC+, :, 1993, pp. 395- 397 .- 47 -

5- 2> I. II. . .I2.60132.5%. II2.52231.5%. 64.0%60%.3 ) i) 4, ii) 48. 3- 8. 7 .- 48 -

5 - 3 > ( )< (VARIMAX) > I II Com munality 0.902 0.050 0.8160.807 0.207 0.694 0.581 0.444 0.534 - 0.084 0.886 0.793 0.314 0.703 0.592 0.349 0.646 0.539 0.460 0.518 0.480 2.240 2.207 h 2 =4.447(% ) 32.0 31.5(% ) 32.0 63.5. I. II. . .- 49 -

I2.24032.0% , II 2.20731.5% . 63.5%.4 ) 10. .< 5 - 4 > ( )< (VARIMAX) > I II Com munality 0.837 - 0.104 0.711 0.823 0.089 0.685 0.798 0.183 0.671 0.752 - 0.144 0.587 0.745 0.105 0.567 0.733 0.037 0.539 0.726 0.357 0.655 0.692 0.214 0.524 0.677 0.201 0.499 0.048 0.951 0.907 5.140 1.204 h 2 =6.344(% ) 51.4 12.0(% ) 51.4 63.4- 50 -

II.< 5 - 5 > ( ) I Comm unality 0.828 0.685 0.816 0.666 0.811 0.658 0.771 0.595 0.753 0.567 0.731 0.534 0.722 0.521 0.717 0.514 0.700 0.490 5.230 h 2 =5.230(% ) 58.1(% ) 58.15.23058.1% 60%. . , .- 51 -

2 1. . .2000327145.< 5- 6>9464.8%4351.< 5 - 6 > (: ) (% )145 94 64.8- 52 -

2. 1) < 5- 7>. 43.1%.< 5 - 7 > ( : , % ) (%) (%) 29 56.9 56.9 22 43.1 100.0 51 100.0[5- 1].[ 5 - 1] (: )- 53 -

2 ) . 72.5%30.< 5 - 8 > ( : , %) (% ) (%)20- 25 22 43.1 43.126- 30 15 29.4 72.531- 35 7 13.8 86.335- 40 4 7.8 94.141 3 5.9 100.0 51 100.0[5- 2].[ 5 - 2] (: )- 54 -

3 ) .3520.6%10.< 5 - 9 > ( : , %) (% ) (%)1 18 35.3 35.33 15 29.4 64.75 8 15.7 80.47 3 5.9 86.37 7 13.7 100.0 51 100.0[5- 3].[ 5 - 3] (: )- 55 -

4 ) . 278.4%.< 5 - 10 > ( : , %) (% ) (%) 2 3.9 3.92 40 78.4 82.43 8 15.7 98.05 1 2.0 100.0 51 100.0[5- 4].[ 5 - 4] (: )- 56 -

5 ) .88.2%, 11.8%6.< 5 - 11> ( : , %) (% ) (%) 4 7.8 7.8 41 80.4 88.2 4 7.8 96.1 2 3.9 100.0 51 100.0[5- 5].[ 5 - 5] (: )- 57 -

6) .10082.4%, 20012.0%.< 5 - 12 > ( : , %) (%) (%)50 13 25.5 25.550- 100 29 56.9 82.4100- 150 7 13.7 96.1150- 200 1 2.0 98.0200 1 2.0 100.0 51 100.0[5- 6].[ 5 - 6] (: )- 58 -

3 . . 2, (relative degree of contribution). ., , , 2. 2(stepwise) 45) , 2. 2., .45) . (enter ), (stepwise), .- 59 -

1. 12, i) ii) .< 5 - 13 > B SE B Beta t Sig . t .696 .092 .696 7.560 .000 * .328 .092 .328 3.566 .001 *( ) 6.251E - 17 .091 .000 1.000Multiple R .770 F = 34.931R Square .593 Signif F = .000Adjusted R Square .576Standard Error .651* p < .05[5- 7].[ 5 - 7 ] 0.6960.328- 60 -

R 2 0.593. R 20.576. F 46) 34.931Signif F0.000. .1) 1- 1 1- 1 : .( p < 0.05 ). 47) 0.69646) (ANOVA) F. F, (ANOVA ) F FFF. F F(siginificant F )0.05. , , p. 165.47) beta. (B)beta. beta, . , , p. 166.- 61 -

. t 48) 7.560Sig . t.000. , , .2 ) 1- 2 1- 2 : .( p < 0.05 )< 5- 13> . 0.328. t 3.566Sig . t.001. , ., . . 48) t. Variables in the equation tsig. t(p

. 1.2. 22, i) ii) < 5- 14>.< 5 - 14 > B SE B Beta t Sig . t .637 .086 .637 7.365 .000 * .486 .086 .486 5.617 .000 *( ) 6.302E - 17 .086 .000 1.000Multiple R .801 F = 42.899R Square .641 Signif F = .000Adjusted R Square .626Standard Error .611* p < .05[5- 8].- 63 -

[ 5 - 8 ] 0.6370.486R 2 0.641. R 20.627. F 42.899Signif F0.000. .1) 2 - 1 2- 1 : .( p < 0.05 ). 0.637. t 7.365Sig . t.000- 64 -

. .2 ) 2 - 2 2- 2 : .( p < 0.05 ). 0.486. t 5.617Sig . t.000. , , ., .. . 2.- 65 -

3. 32, i) ii) .< 5 - 15 > B SE B Beta t Sig . t .588 .091 .588 6.458 .000 * .506 .091 .506 5.559 .000 *( ) - 8.62E - 17 .090 .000 1.000Multiple R .776 F = 36.303R Square .602 Signif F = .000Adjusted R Square .585Standard Error .644* p < .05[5- 9].[ 5 - 9] 0.5060.588- 66 -

R 2 0.602. R 20.585. F 36.303Signif F0.000. .1) 3 - 1 3- 1 : .( p < 0.05 ). 0.506. t 5.559Sig . t.000. , , , .2 ) 3 - 2 3- 2 : .( p < 0.05 )- 67 -

. 0.588. t 6.458Sig . t.000. , , ., . . 3.4. [3- 1], , (stepwise) .- 68 -

5 - 16 > B SE B Beta t Sig . t 6.795E - 02 .017 .393 4.048 .000 *.100 .022 .361 4.583 .000 * 6.370E - 02 .021 .298 3.003 .004 *( ) - 5.290 .410 - 12.904 .000Multiple R .893 F = 61.395R Square .797 Signif F = .000Adjusted R Square .784Standard Error .465* p < .05t( p < 0.05 ), , . F61.395, 0.000.R 2 0.797. .0.393. 0.361, 0.298- 69 -

. [5- 10].[ 5 - 10] 0.3610.3930.2985. < 5- 17>. (stepwise).t ( p < 0.05 ). F29.5120.000.- 70 -

5 - 17 > B SE B Beta t Sig . t .326 .089 .326 3.662 .001 * * .225 .070 .225 3.189 .003 * .280 .080 .280 3.477 .001 * * .237 .100 .237 2.355 .023 * .197 .093 .197 2.127 .039 * .193 .087 .193 2.213 .032 *( ) 1.788E - 17 .067 .000 1.000Multiple R .895 F = 29.512R Square .801 Signif F = .000Adjusted R Square .774Standard Error .476* p < .05 ** p < .01R 2 0.801. R 2 0.774. .60.326. 0.280, 0.2250.237,- 71 -

0.193, 0.197.6R 2 0.801680% . , , , , , , . [5- 11].. , . .. . .- 72 -

[ 5 - 11] 0.3260.225 0.2370.2800.1930.197- 73 -

6 1 , . . . , , , . ., , 3, 3. (i) , (ii) . (i) , (ii) (i) , (ii) .. - 74 -

, .. , , , .3, . ., , ., . ., , , .- 75 -

2 1. , . ., . . . , , , ., ., . . , . , ., . - 76 -

, . ., . . , . . .2. ., , ., .- 77 -

., . . ., , .. .- 78 -

1. (1993), , : .(1989), , .(1979), , : .(1998), , : .(1997), , : .(1983), , : .(2000), SPSSWIN, : .(1970), , : .(1989), , : .(1987), , : .(1995), , : .(1992), , :.(1976), , : .(1992), , : .- 79 -

2 . (1992), , .(1995),. 95- ,: .(1994), , .(1998), , .(1992), , .(1973), , .(1992), .(1991),- - , .(1987), , .(1997),, .(1998),, 8, .- 80 -

(1998), , .(1997), , .(1979), , .3 . Dawis, Renev .(1976), A T hery of Work Adjustment", in John G. Culland Richard E . Hardy eds ., A dj ustm ent to work, H andbook ofM eas urem ent and E valuation in R ehabilitation, Baltimore :Baltimore University Park Press .Hursh, N . C. and Kerns, A . F .(1988), Vocay ional E valuation in Sp ecialeducation, London : T aylor & Francis, Ltd.Kentering, L. J . & Edgar, E . B.(1988), "Vocational Rehabilitation andSpecial Educational", R ehabilitation Couns eling B ulletin, Vol. 31.Macgow an, John F . and Porter , T homas L.(1967), A n I ntroduction to theVocational R ehabilitation P rocess , Washington : T he Superinten -dent of Document U .S . Government Printing Office.- 81 -

1 > ScaleMeanif ItemDeletedScaleVarianceif ItemDeletedCorrectedItem -T otalCorrelationAlphaif ItemDeleted 109.0392 316.0784 .6268 .9232 109.6275 346.3184 - .2620 .9338 108.9216 315.7937 .6281 .9231 108.9608 322.3184 .4985 .9246 108.2157 327.4125 .2549 .9271 109.1765 322.9082 .3268 .9267 108.5098 322.7349 .3911 .9257 109.3725 332.7954 .0887 .9290 109.0784 310.0337 .7265 .9218 109.1176 314.9457 .5800 .9235 108.6667 315.5467 .6400 .9230109.0000 314.4000 .5505 .9239 108.9020 308.8902 .6413 .9226 108.4510 322.1325 .3478 .9264 108.8235 318.7882 .4460 .9252 108.5294 .309.4941 .6403 .9226 109.0784 321.5937 .4861 .9247 109.3922 320.1231 .3783 .9261 108.9608 310.3984 .6910 .9221 109.2353 317.0635 .5952 .9235

ScaleMeanif ItemDeletedScaleVarianceif ItemDeletedCorrectedItem -T otalCorrelationAlphaif ItemDeleted109.1176 314.7059 .5522 .9238109.2157 318.0525 .5559 .9239109.0000 340.2800 - .1177 .9318109.1765 315.6682 .5880 .9235 108.5294 314.0141 .6395 .9229 108.9216 314.7937 .6602 .9228 108.7255 305.8831 .8154 .9206 108.9804 314.6196 .6774 .9227 108.8627 315.0008 .6456 .9229 108.7255 307.8031 .7321 .9215 109.0196 312.0196 .6296 .9229 109.1373 331.0808 .1735 .9276 108.6078 309.2031 .7267 .9217 108.6863 309.3796 .6772 .9222Alpha = .9265

2 > ?. ., . . .2000 3 :

.[ ] ? [ P art I ]1- 1 ? 1- 2 ? 1- 3 ? 1- 4 ? 1- 5 ?

1- 6 ? 1- 7 ? 1- 8 ? 2 - 1 ? 2 - 2 ? 2 - 3 ? 2 - 4 ? 2 - 5 ? 2 - 6 ?

2 - 7 ? 2 - 8 ? 3 - 1 ? 12 34 56 7 3- 6 .3 - 2 . ? 3 - 3 ? 3 - 4 ? 3 - 5 ? 3 - 6 ?

3 - 7 ? 3 - 8 ? 3 - 9 ? [ P art II ]4 - 1 ? 4 - 2 ? 4 - 3 ? 4 - 4 ?

4 - 5 ? 4 - 6 ? 4 - 7 ? 4 - 8 ? 4 - 9 ? 4 - 10 ?

[ P art III ]5 - 1 ? 5 - 2 ? 5 - 3 ? 5 - 4 ?1 3 5 7 7 5 - 5 ? 5 - 6 ? 2 3 4 6 5 - 7 ( ) ?50 100 150 200 200