Figure 43: Distribution of Persons with Disability and Non-Disabled Above 14and Purpose of Loan50454035302520151050Food Health House Activity• Person with Disability• Non-DisabledCeremony School Dowry Land Property Good OtherWhereas persons with disability usually use loans for emergency expenditures to cover basic needs such asnutrition and health, non-disabled have a tendency to use loans more for professional <strong>in</strong>vestment, equipmentor social expenditure. There is a clear difference between persons with disability and non-disabled personsregard<strong>in</strong>g reasons for loans. For the former, it is more a matter of urgency, to fulfil basic needs: thus it is afactor of vulnerability. For the latter, it is more of an <strong>in</strong>vestment <strong>in</strong> the future. Thus, it contributes to the welfareand the <strong>in</strong>crease of assets of the household.There is nosignificantdifferencebetweendisabled andnon-disabled,when it comes toreceiv<strong>in</strong>g money,even if a largerproportion ofpersons withdisability receivesmoney morefrequentlyMoney Given: Family at the Basis of the Social CapitalIf <strong>in</strong>come from activity is concentrated <strong>in</strong> the hands of a small proportion of persons, redistribution with<strong>in</strong> thefamily is a common practice <strong>in</strong> both groups. 43.2% of all adults above 14 received money from the socialnetwork, ma<strong>in</strong>ly family. There is no significant difference between disabled and non-disabled, when it comesto receiv<strong>in</strong>g money, even if a larger proportion of persons with disability receives money more frequently(a proportion of 45.4% compared to a proportion of 38.9% for non-disabled). One difference, which isnoticeable, is that women receive help more often than men. This is consistent with the fact that men are theones who have paid employment and br<strong>in</strong>g the majority of money <strong>in</strong>to the household.Figure 44 shows a breakdown of persons with disability and non-disabled accord<strong>in</strong>g to the person who gavemoney. In both cases, a huge majority of the donors are from the family itself. For non-disabled persons, firstcome the parents (28.9%), followed closely by the spouse (27.8%), then come brother and sister (23.2%)and children and other relatives, as a distant fourth (10.9%). For persons with disability, first come childrenand other relatives (24.6%), before brother and sister (22.6%), the spouse (19.7%) and parents (17.9%).The differences between both groups are statistically significant. The major difference regard<strong>in</strong>g the moneyreceived by children is probably due to the needs of persons with disability to get support. This is also <strong>in</strong> l<strong>in</strong>ewith other f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs of the NDSA, which shows a high number of persons over the age of 45 among personswith disability. The children thus support their parents as they become disabled with age and/or disease.A m<strong>in</strong>ority of people receive money from persons outside the family. Friends make up a proportion of 5.4% <strong>in</strong>terms of giv<strong>in</strong>g money. Then come other donors, like NGOs or employers, ma<strong>in</strong>ly for persons with disability.58 Understand<strong>in</strong>g the Challenge Ahead
Figure 44: Distribution of Persons with Disability and Non-Disabled Above 14Receiv<strong>in</strong>g Money353025• Person with Disability• Non-Disabled20151050Spouse Parents Sibl<strong>in</strong>gs Children andOther FamilyMemberFriendsStatepensionLocal orReligiousLeaderEmployer,NGOs orOtherFigure 45 shows that males more often receive higher amounts of money than women, <strong>in</strong>dependentlyfrom the disability factor. 58.6% non-disabled women and 58.3% disabled women receive less than3,200 AFAs (64 USD) a year. Furthermore, more than 25% males, disabled or not, receive more than12,000 AFAs (240 USD).Figure 45: Distribution of Persons with Disability and Non-Disabled Above 14Receiv<strong>in</strong>g Money by Amount and Gender4035• Female with Disability • Male with Disability• Non-Disabled Female • Non Disabled Male302520151050Less than 700 AFAs710 to 3200 AFAs3300 to 12000 AFAs 12030 AFAs and aboveOwnership of Livestock: EqualityThe analysis <strong>in</strong> terms of households with persons with disability and households without persons with disabilityleads to similar conclusions concern<strong>in</strong>g ownership of livestock. A large number of both groups of householdspossess livestock (See Figure 46). Yet, it can be noted that households without persons with disability havea slight tendency to own livestock that are expensive and considered more valuable, such as cows, horses,donkeys, roosters and camels.Nevertheless, <strong>in</strong>side the household, ownership of land and animals tends to be concentrated among themales. Accord<strong>in</strong>gly, households headed by a woman do less often own land and livestock.Livelihoods and Assets59