Handicap International experience in Afghanistan - CBM
Handicap International experience in Afghanistan - CBM
Handicap International experience in Afghanistan - CBM
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Children’s WorkIf children with disability are largely excluded from the education system, especially girls, not only due toprejudice and cultural rules, but also as a result of absence of adequate transport or accessibility of schools, asignificant part of them take on household tasks, farm<strong>in</strong>g or other <strong>in</strong>come generat<strong>in</strong>g activities of the family,just like all children <strong>in</strong> <strong>Afghanistan</strong>.Figure 36 gives a general overview of children’s activities. 60.0% go to school and 76.6% help with allhousehold tasks: cook<strong>in</strong>g, tak<strong>in</strong>g care of elders and younger children, fetch<strong>in</strong>g water and cutt<strong>in</strong>g wood, etc.20.0% also have a professional activity ma<strong>in</strong>ly <strong>in</strong> the agricultural sector: animals husbandry, fieldwork, etc.Days can be very long for children.Children with disability work less often than other children, especially <strong>in</strong> the fields; this is a direct consequenceof their general <strong>in</strong>ability to do so. They also help significantly less with<strong>in</strong> the house. This is also expla<strong>in</strong>ed bythe physical demand of the work both <strong>in</strong> the field and <strong>in</strong> major household tasks such as fetch<strong>in</strong>g water,clean<strong>in</strong>g, cook<strong>in</strong>g and cutt<strong>in</strong>g wood. This is why half the children with disability do not declare any k<strong>in</strong>dof activity. Children, disabled or not, constitute a higher work<strong>in</strong>g proportion <strong>in</strong> rural areas. The differencebetween children with disability and non-disabled is statistically significant for household chores.Figure 36: Distribution of Afghan Children with Disability andNon-Disabled Aged 6 to 14 Years Old Accord<strong>in</strong>g to EmploymentSituationChildren withdisability workless often thanother children,especially <strong>in</strong>the fields;this is a directconsequence oftheir general<strong>in</strong>ability to doso. They alsohelp significantlyless with<strong>in</strong> thehouse9080• Children with Disability• Non-Disabled706050403020100Help <strong>in</strong> the House No Activity Help <strong>in</strong> the FieldOther WorkNote: Some children reported more than one activity, total not equal to 100%.Income from EmploymentCompar<strong>in</strong>g monetary <strong>in</strong>come must be done with a lot of caution. Many active people, particularly children under14, do not receive an <strong>in</strong>dividual wage (26.5%). Children’s <strong>in</strong>come is often <strong>in</strong>cluded <strong>in</strong> the family <strong>in</strong>come. The leftgraph <strong>in</strong> Figure 37 shows that many active people are not paid, especially the non-disabled (26.7%) comparedto persons with disability (16.4%). This can be expla<strong>in</strong>ed by a higher rate of employment among non-disabledchildren who contribute to the family <strong>in</strong>come by participat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> a large array of activities, ma<strong>in</strong>ly field work, forwhich the head of household gets the <strong>in</strong>come. Employ<strong>in</strong>g children often means hav<strong>in</strong>g to pay a lower <strong>in</strong>come.Adults with disability who earn no wage when they work are a higher proportion (9.3%) than non-disabledadults (5.9%). In high ranges of <strong>in</strong>come (above 2000 AFAs), the graph on the right shows that the proportionof non-disabled adults is higher. But the level of disparity is not statistically significant for the highest levelof <strong>in</strong>come; it is, however, significant for the lowest levels (less than 2000 AFAs). Consequently, a majority(51.7%) of active adults with disability earn monthly wages under 2000 AFAs (40 USD) while 32.7% nondisabledadults earn the same. The majority of non-disabled earn 2100 AFAs and above. The phenomenon iseven more noticeable for women: 91.7% of active adult women with disability earn less than 2000 AFAs amonth. This is the case for 58.7% of non-disabled active Afghan women.Employment of Afghans with Disability49