Handicap International experience in Afghanistan - CBM

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to a maximum of 37.4% unable to cook a meal for themselves. Hence, if 4.1% reported being unable to eator drink without help, 10% are able to do it with difficulty.If we consider both the inability and the difficulty to accomplish such routines, it is between one third and halfof the persons with disability who are confronted with difficulties at various levels in their daily tasks:• 48.6% have difficulties bathing and ablution;• 47.2% have difficulties moving around inside the house;• 37.8% have difficulties getting dressed;• 38.5% have difficulties going to the toilet;• 14.1% have difficulties drinking and eating by themselves.Table 2: Proportion of People with Disability Able to Carry Out Daily Self-CareTasks by Main Types of DisabilityData presented below excludes respondents under the age of 8.Daily Self CareRoutinesType of DisabilityYes(%)Yes withDifficulty(%)No(%)Bathing or AblutionGetting DressedPreparing Mealsfor YourselfGoing to the ToiletEating/DrinkingMoving AroundPhysical Disability 32.6 54.5 12.9Sensorial Disability 64.0 20.1 15.9Mental Disability 54.3 18.5 27.2Epilepsy/Seizures 92.3 5.3 2.4Associated Disabilities 32.1 28.2 39.3All Together 51.4 29.9 18.7Physical Disability 48.2 43.8 7.9Sensorial Disability 72.0 18.7 9.3Mental Disability 65.4 13.6 21.0Epilepsy/Seizures 95.9 3.0 1.2Associated Disabilities 40.5 23.8 35.7All Together 62.2 24.4 13.4Physical Disability 33.7 31.1 35.2Sensorial Disability 50.0 8.9 41.1Mental Disability 49.4 4.9 45.7Epilepsy/Seizures 85.2 3.6 11.2Associated Disabilities 28.6 16.7 54.8All Together 46.7 15.9 37.4Physical Disability 42.8 45.5 11.7Sensorial Disability 65.4 21.0 13.5Mental Disability 84.0 6.2 9.9Epilepsy/Seizures 96.4 3.0 0.6Associated Disabilities 41.7 29.8 28.6All Together 61.5 25.6 12.9Physical Disability 81.2 15.5 3.2Sensorial Disability 90.7 6.1 3.3Mental Disability 95.1 1.2 3.7Epilepsy/Seizures 97.0 2.4 0.6Associated Disabilities 67.7 21.4 11.9All Together 85.9 10.0 4.1Physical Disability 23.2 55.9 20.9Sensorial Disability 61.7 22.0 16.4Mental Disability 82.7 9.9 7.4Epilepsy/Seizures 92.3 6.5 1.2Associated Disabilities 41.7 35.7 22.6All Together 52.8 31.6 15.516 Understanding the Challenge Ahead
If we look more closely at the various types of disability, as expected, it is the persons having associateddisabilities who report the most difficulty in performing daily personal tasks such as:• Bathing or ablution: 67.5% are not able or have some difficulty;• Getting dressed: 59.5%;• Preparing meals: 71.5%;• Going to the toilet: 58.4%;• Eating and drinking: 33.3%;• Moving around: 58.3%.In fact, persons with associated disabilities have the lowest rates of ability to perform daily self-care tasks,ranging from only 28.5% persons being able to prepare meals for themselves to 66.7% being able to eatand drink without difficulty.People with physical disability have a high level of inability and difficulty in accomplishing daily personalroutines on their own without any equipment. The exception is drinking and eating: only 3.2% of physicallydisabled persons are unable to perform this task. Difficulties in performing tasks that require more movementwere logically higher.People with mental disability, including learning, psychological, intellectual and social disabilities, havedifficulties with all activities requiring the use of intellectual faculties. Bathing (45.7% with both mild andsevere difficulties), preparing meals (50.6%) and getting dressed (34.6%) were recognised as the mostdifficult tasks to perform.People with epilepsy and other types of seizures have the least difficulty in performing their daily tasks. Thisis probably due to the fact that except during the periods of seizure, they are able to do their daily tasks withno difficulty.Household ChoresThe daily household’s duties include sweeping, cooking meals, washing dishes, looking after young children,looking after elder members and doing laundry. These tasks are mainly the domain of women and childrenin the Afghan society. This cultural specificity explains why the questions related to household tasks were notasked to males 17 . Therefore, the results presented exclude men above the age of 14 and children under theage of 8. However, for women, the ability to carry out these tasks is of the utmost importance. This impactsthe contribution to family life, and more generally, influences social acceptance.Whatever the activity considered, more than 70% of non-disabled people are able to perform any of thesetasks, whereas persons with disability able to perform them are always less than 50%. This is to be comparedto the results presented in the previous section in which persons with disability are a majority able to takecare of themselves. The most demanding tasks within the household are doing the laundry and looking afterelder members.Whateverthe activityconsidered,more than 70%of non-disabledpeople are ableto performany of thesetasks, whereaspersons withdisability ableto perform themare always lessthan 50%. Themost demandingtasks withinthe householdare doing thelaundry andlooking afterelder membersThe ability to perform a given task within the house depends on the type of disability that a person has.Persons with physical and associated disabilities have the most difficulty, followed by persons with sensorialdisabilities. Then come those with mental disability; whereas persons with epilepsy or other forms of seizureshave the least difficulty in performing these tasks. With the exception of this last case, the difficulties incarrying out household tasks are considerable. Here again, these results show the impact of impairment onthe ability to perform daily household tasks for persons with disability, whatever the type of disability.17During the pre-test of the questionnaire, the men interviewed answered that they were not able to do the household chores,confusing the ability to do these and social practices.The Health Picture17
Page 3 and 4: Islamic Republic of AfghanistanUNDE
Page 5 and 6: ContentsAcknowledgementsAbbreviatio
Page 8: Figure 25 : Retention, Transition a
Page 11 and 12: AbbreviationsAFAs : AfghanisBPHS :
Page 13 and 14: PrefaceThe National Disability Surv
Page 15: IntroductionAs the process of recon
Page 18 and 19: Figure 1. Sampling Stages of NDSA1s
Page 20 and 21: A variety of subjects and fields ad
Page 22 and 23: • Beliefs and expectations of wha
Page 24 and 25: Prevalence Threshold with Regard to
Page 26 and 27: The proportion of persons with disa
Page 28 and 29: Mental disability shows a much more
Page 30 and 31: The effectiveprevalencerate of seve
Page 34 and 35: Table 3. Proportion of Persons with
Page 36 and 37: Table 4: Proportion of Persons with
Page 38 and 39: Figure 9. Distribution of Persons w
Page 40 and 41: Figure 12: Distribution of Persons
Page 42 and 43: Comparing the situation between mal
Page 44 and 45: Figure 17. Number of Visits to Heal
Page 46 and 47: Table 5: Yearly Average Expenses (A
Page 48 and 49: 32 Understanding the Challenge Ahea
Page 50 and 51: A crucial aspect that influences ac
Page 52 and 53: Table 6 highlights the advantage th
Page 54 and 55: Figure 26: Retention, Transition an
Page 56 and 57: to take this into consideration whe
Page 58 and 59: • Boys with physical disability a
Page 64 and 65: to others: usually they benefit fro
Page 66 and 67: Figure 37: Distribution of Active P
Page 70 and 71: According to NRVA 2003, poverty is
Page 72 and 73: means that the average living space
Page 76 and 77: Figure 46: Distribution of Househol
Page 80 and 81: The inability tobear children is am
Page 82 and 83:
The situation is somewhat different
Page 84 and 85:
Figure 51: Distribution of Persons
Page 86 and 87:
706050• Landmine/UXO Survivors•
Page 88 and 89:
ConclusionInclusion is a major fact
Page 90 and 91:
of persons with disability 48 . Thi
Page 92 and 93:
GHOSH N., MOHIT A., MURTHY R.S. (20
Page 95:
The National Disability Survey in A
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Handicap International experience in Afghanistan - CBM

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