Rhonda Divecha, Payal Maheshwari,Payal Rathod & Harshi ShahEnglish / PosterPerception <strong>of</strong> work among school-age childrenAbstractThis paper covers the perceptions that school-age children (from 7 to 11 years) have towards theworld <strong>of</strong> work/concept <strong>of</strong> careers /occupations both from the theoretical perspective as well as fromavailable research. Developing independence, fostering friendships, as well as performing andcompeting are key aspects <strong>of</strong> the child’s growth at this stage. <strong>The</strong>ir ideas about careers during thistime stem from their numerous experiences – parental expectations (voiced as well as subtle); careers<strong>of</strong> significant others; gifts that they receive and materials they play with; activities and events theyparticipate and compete in and /or win; literature that they read; as well as media influences. Genderroles that children observe at this stage can have a lasting impact on their career decisions.Recognizing that the choice <strong>of</strong> a career is influenced by various factors: the reality factor, theeducation process, the emotional factor and the child’s own values, this paper seeks to identify howthis particular developmental stage contributes to the process <strong>of</strong> vocational choice. <strong>The</strong>ories byGinzberg, Ginsburg, Axelrad and Herma, track the stages <strong>of</strong> career development from fantasy throughtentative and realistic ideas; while theories like Super’s and Roe’s focus on the development <strong>of</strong> selfconceptas central to career development. Other developmental theories like those <strong>of</strong> Freud andErikson; cognitive theories by Piaget and others; and learning theories given by Bandura, Krumboltz,etc. have also been used to explain school children’s understanding <strong>of</strong> the world <strong>of</strong> work. Finally,guidelines have been given for parents and teachers to enhance school-age children’s awareness andunderstanding <strong>of</strong> work roles in the community around them. <strong>The</strong> paper has tremendous significancefor those in the fields <strong>of</strong> Child Development and Human Development; career counselorsunderstanding the choices individuals make; as well parents and teachers who may be unaware <strong>of</strong> thesignificant way in which their interactions with children have an impact on those same children’s laterchoice<strong>of</strong> a career.About the presentersContact Information:email:Language:Type <strong>of</strong> Presentation:Nirmala Niketan College <strong>of</strong> Home Science, 49, New Marine Lines,Mumbai - 400 020.rhondiv@rediffmail.comEnglishPosterRhonda Divecha is an Assistant Pr<strong>of</strong>essor at the Nirmala Niketan College <strong>of</strong> Home Science, Mumbai. Please refer to page89 for further information about Rhonda.Payal Maheshwari is an assistant pr<strong>of</strong>essor, in the Department <strong>of</strong> Human Development, College <strong>of</strong> Home Science, NirmalaNiketan, Mumbai. Please refer to page 83 for further information about Payal.Payal Rathod, completed her schooling from <strong>The</strong> New Era High School, Panchgani, Maharashtra. After which shecompleted her Higher Education from <strong>The</strong> Indian School, Bahrain, in Humanities. She then graduated from VivekanandSociety <strong>of</strong> Education, Mumbai, in Psychology and is currently doing her Masters in Human Development from the College <strong>of</strong>Home Science, Nirmala Niketan. Psychology has always been her area <strong>of</strong> interest and she would like to pursue a career inthe same.Harshi Shah is pursuing her post graduation from the College <strong>of</strong> Home Science, Nirmala Niketan, Mumbai. As a HumanDevelopment student, the area <strong>of</strong> her personal interest has always been Human Exceptionality and the challenges faced bythis population, that is “exceptional” or deviant from the normal population.90IAEVG-Jiva Conference, India, 2010
Rhonda Divecha, Payal Maheshwari,Riddhi Mukesh Dedhia, & Ankita ParekhEnglish / PosterPerception <strong>of</strong> work among adolescentsAbstractThis paper overviews the perceptions that adolescents have towards work and career choice, bothfrom the theoretical perspective as well as from available research. It clarifies the differences betweenearly adolescents, where identity and self-perception play a major role; and late adolescents andyoung adults where remuneration plays a major role. <strong>The</strong> roles <strong>of</strong> parents and that <strong>of</strong> pr<strong>of</strong>essionalcounsellors go hand in hand in the career development <strong>of</strong> young adolescents. Most school guidanceprograms have an underlying purpose to assist students in making informed education and careerdecisions and to provide the resources and materials to ensure that this process unfolds in asystematic and comprehensive manner. Sweeping economic and social changes during the pastseveral decades have required increasingly higher levels <strong>of</strong> education for entry into the workforce. <strong>The</strong>need to compete in a global marketplace--combined with the rapid pace <strong>of</strong> technologicaladvancement--has made postsecondary education almost a necessity for students entering today's jobmarket. Like any complex field <strong>of</strong> study, career theories have developed from one another, merged,and branched <strong>of</strong>f in other directions, thereby, weaving an intricate path with the goal <strong>of</strong> understandingthe how’s and why’s <strong>of</strong> the career process. <strong>The</strong> core <strong>of</strong> most career theories, however, is the same: aneffort to explain the “evolving sequence <strong>of</strong> a person’s work experiences over time”. <strong>The</strong> paper goes onto draw attention to how theories like those <strong>of</strong> Donald Super, John Holland, Ann Roe, Ginzberg, etc.,explain career development in the life <strong>of</strong> today’s youth. Towards the end, the paper asserts that inorder to participate in a more intentional and self-directed way in their own career developmentprocess, young adolescents need both the support <strong>of</strong> their parents and involvement in acomprehensive school-based guidance program that develops confidence around such career-relatedcompetencies as career planning and occupational exploration. It stresses the need for the combinedeffects <strong>of</strong> career self-efficacy, career planning/exploration efficacy and perceptions <strong>of</strong> parent supporton the career interests <strong>of</strong> adolescents.About the presentersContact Information:email:Language:Type <strong>of</strong> Presentation:Nirmala Niketan College <strong>of</strong> Home Science, 49, New Marine Lines,Mumbai - 400 020.rhondiv@rediffmail.comEnglishPosterRhonda Divecha is an Assistant Pr<strong>of</strong>essor at the Nirmala Niketan College <strong>of</strong> Home Science, Mumbai. Please refer to page89 for further information about Rhonda.Payal Maheshwari is an assistant pr<strong>of</strong>essor, in the Department <strong>of</strong> Human Development, College <strong>of</strong> Home Science, NirmalaNiketan, Mumbai. Please refer to page 83 for further information about Payal.Riddhi Mukesh Dedhia is currently doing a Master’s course in Human Development from the College <strong>of</strong> Home ScienceNirmala Niketan, Mumbai, India. Human Development basically means to look into the wholistic development <strong>of</strong> the humanbeings. In this course we cover all aspect <strong>of</strong> human life, all phases, stages <strong>of</strong> human life. As part <strong>of</strong> the course requirementsthe students had to do an internship at a centre <strong>of</strong> their choice, but related to the field <strong>of</strong> Human development. For thisinternship, she worked at Dhwani Deaf Help Centre, where she performed the role <strong>of</strong> assistant and observer to the Clinicalpsychologist and had also <strong>org</strong>anised the free psychological testing camp with a positive response. Her area <strong>of</strong> interest forresearch is “Use <strong>of</strong> ICT for Teaching and Learning by third year college students and their Teachers in Mumbai”.Ankita Parekh is currently pursuing her Master’s Degree in Human Development. She completed her graduation in Science(Home Science) (Human Development) from Sir Vithaldas Thackersey College <strong>of</strong> Home Science with her major subjectbeing Early Childhood Care and Education. As a part <strong>of</strong> the Master’s course, in the second year students have to conduct aresearch which is again one step towards being independent and confident. She has chosen her research topic in the area<strong>of</strong> Alternative <strong>The</strong>rapy, namely, “Understanding the Use <strong>of</strong> Colour <strong>The</strong>rapy among its Consumers”.91IAEVG-Jiva Conference, India, 2010
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