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TnB_lug_EB_Nov07.indd 1Info no. 111/19/07 4:35:01 PMA few of the Big Three’s 2008 workhorseofferings.Page 32Page 27Line of halogen lamps prevents colourshifting and beam distortion, and boastsa longer lifespan.Specifying outdoor generator setenclosures for standby power.Page 17PM # 40063602 PAP registration # 10774Info no. 2

The team at STANDARDwishes you a happy Holidayseason and a New Year filledwith light and laughter!Lighting the Wayfor a Greener TomorrowThink about the future… chooseenergy efcient lighting today! Info no. 3For informationon our products please visitwww.standardpro.com

ElectricalB usinessT H E A U T H O R I T A T I V E V O I C E O FCANADA’S ELECTRICAL INDUSTRYNovember/December 2007Volume 43 • Issue 10ElectricalELECTRICAL BUSINESS is the magazine of the Canadianelectrical industry. It reports on the news and publishesBarticles in a manner usinessthat is informative and constructive.EditorAnthony Capkun - acapkun@clbmedia.caT H E A U T H O R I T A T I V E V O I C E O FCANADA’S Publisher ELECTRICAL INDUSTRYJohn MacPherson - jmacpherson@clbmedia.caAccount ManagerScott Hoy - shoy@clbmedia.caEB Editorial Advisory BoardTom Crist, Kerry Heid, Ron Bergeron, Stephen Tatrallyay,Dan Mott, John Vickery, Ian Dempsey and Pierre DowdContributing Editor, Quebec ReportNormand Gosselin - ngosselin@clbmedia.caArt DirectorSvetlana Avrutin - savrutin@clbmedia.caProduction ManagerRobert Russell - rrussell@clbmedia.caCreative DirectorEinar Rice - erice@clbmedia.caManager, ProductionLisa Drummond - ldrummond@clbmedia.caSubscriber Customer Service RepresentativeKristen Schulz-Lacey - kschulz-lacey@clbmedia.caWhat about those other guys?You know... the distributorsHere in the pages of ElectricalBusiness we regularly publishinformation regarding apprenticeshipand apprentices in Canada,with a specific eye toward what’s happeningin the field of electrical work.By all accounts, electrical remains apopular choice among folks choosingto get into a skilled trade (it remains“glamorous” in the eyes of many, eventhough we all know it can be quite theopposite at times).So despite the inevitable poachingthat occurs across companies, and withseasoned veterans reaching retirementage (and, of course, retiring), electricalcontractors continue to enjoy a steadyflow of new blood into the industry.But what about those other guys? Youknow, the distributors?You will recall from our March 2007edition, Tom Crist (EECOL’s presidentand CEO) explained that—especiallyin hot economies like Alberta andBritish Columbia—poaching is a real▼ From the editorproblem. “In fact, I haven’t seen it thisbad in my 35 years in the industry,” hewent on to say. Distributors, too, facethe problem of veterans retiring fromthe business but, unlike the contractorsthey serve, they have a much toughertime attracting new blood.Perhaps working the counter doesn’tcome across as glamorous as beingan electrician, or perhaps it is seen asa dead-end job (which it shouldn’t,considering Crist started with EECOLas a warehouse person/truck driver),but whatever the real reason/reasons,distributors have a tough road aheadof them.This is why EB—along with oursponsoring partner, Osram Sylvania—launched a special column last monthentitled “Counter Intelligence”, in aneffort to help our industry’s distributorpartners with their Human Resourcesand business issues. (It continues inthis edition.)A strong distributor is a valued partner,as he provides the advice, thecredit, and the products and solutionselectrical contractors need to getthe job done. Sure, we live in “TheInformation Age”, where everythingwe could ever possibly want to know issupposedly located somewhere on thatthing called the Internet. And it’s true:the Internet does have a ton of information;in fact, more than we know whatto do with. It’s information overload,with a healthy dose of misinformationto boot.That’s why, time and again, we turnto our distributor partners for advice,guidance, suggestions and recommendations.They give us the informationwe need to know.And sure, sometimes we get ourwires crossed; other times we get madat each other. But it doesn’t change thefact that we need them as much as theyneed us.240 Edward Street, Aurora, ON L4G 3S9Tel: 905-727-0077 Fax: 905-727-0017PresidentStuart MorrisonVice President, Media, PublishingNiel HiscoxVice President, Finance/Corporate DevelopmentKent MilfordVice President, Human ResourcesSusan BishopVice President, IT and OperationsDavid OverallDirector, Sales and MarketingFrank ShonikerDirector, Editorial and ProductionJackie RothDirector, CirculationJames ZammitDirector, Facility Management and LogisticsSteve DaleDirector, Human ResourcesDenise DesrosiersDirector, ITPhillip DamianidisMember, CLB Media Management CommitteeNigel BishopSUBSCRIPTION RATES:Canada: Single issue $7.00 • Ten issues: $35.00(including tax)USA: $59.00 (US) and International: $75.00 (US) per yearUnited States Second Class Postage Paid at Lewiston, NY(USPS-741-470) US POSTMASTER: send address changes toELECTRICAL BUSINESS, P.O. Box 8145, Lewiston, NY 14092The contents of Electrical Business are copyright by ©2006CLB Media Inc. and may not be reproduced in whole or partwithout written consent. CLB Media Inc. disclaims any warrantyas to the accuracy, completeness or currency of the contentsof this publication and disclaims all liability in respect ofthe results of any action taken or not taken in reliance uponinformation in this publication. REPRINTS: Contact The ReprintOutsource at (877) 394-7350.PAP Registration No. 10774Send address changes to:ELECTRICAL BUSINESS240 Edward Street, Aurora, ON L4G 3S9Return Postage GuaranteedCanada Post - Canadian Publications Mail Sales ProductsAgreement 40063602 ISSN 0013-4244Printed in CanadaCONTENTSFEATURESON THE COVER22 Converged communications demand new troubleshooting skillsWith the escalating move toward voice, data and video (VDV) convergence, today’s cablinginstallations are becoming increasingly sophisticated. These newer, high-performance Cat 5eand Cat 6 cabling systems must support faster data communication rates and more precisetiming of the delivery of VDV information. As a result, professionals must know how to testinstallations to the more complex performance specifications that have been developed toaddress higher bandwidth requirements. (Photo © Fluke Networks.)17 Protecting your power: specifying outdoorgenerator enclosuresAs emergency standby generators have become more vital to the continuation of businessso, too, have outdoor genset enclosures that are properly designed, ventilated,secured and located.24 Building permits slip, but construction still strongAs kids returned to school, the value of building permits slipped slightly in September—although they were still well above $6 billion as gains in the residential sector were morethan offset by declines in non-residential intentions. British Columbia’s non-residentialmarket gets hit hard, and Toronto comes out on top.32 Reduce system design time and costwith series-connected ratingsIt is important to know what equipment can be safely applied on systems with highavailable fault currents. While there are several systems of short-circuit current protectionavailable, a series-connected system might be right for you.REGIONAL FOCUS12 Quebec ReportAlthough wind power generation seems the ideal ‘green’ solution, and complementaryto the ‘blue’ source the world over, many groups in Quebec are strongly opposed to mostwind projects under development.30 Atlantic FocusBesides books, Nova Scotians can also borrow energy meters from their public andcommunity college libraries, and the Newfoundland & Labrador government ispleased with its apprenticeship numbers.DEPARTMENTS4 Industry News4 Personalities6 The Heritage “What Am I?”Photo Contest14 From the Legal DeskFurther confusing what work is lienable:Ontario Court of Appeal releases decisionupholding Kennedy v Dana15 Letters16 Mind your safetyA few extra minutes for your life23 Calendar25 Counter Intelligence27 Trucks for the Trade32 Products36 Product Showcase37 Marketplace38 Code FileConductors over or near buildings38 Code ConundrumNEW!page 24page 27www. mag.com • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • 3

PERSONALITIESINDUSTRY NEWSHD Supply recently honoured its Suppliers of the Year at the 2007HD Supply Supplier Conference. The awards acknowledge businessesproviding critical services to one or more of HD Supply’s 12lines of business. Among the recipients were Canlyte Inc. (Canada),Eaton Electrical Inc. (Electrical), General Cable (Utilities), PhilipsLighting Co. (Facilities Maintenance) and Cooper Crouse-Hinds.Michael Kenney, president of Thomas & BettsCanada, announced the recent appointment of PascaleDaviauto the position of director, business devel-opment and product innovation. A member of theThomas & Betts Canada family since 1987, Daviauhas occupied a number of key roles within the organiza-Pascale Daviau tion, including director of marketing and, most recently,director of business development. In this newlyexpanded role, she will work closely with product engineering, technicaldocumentation and technical liaison to direct the product developmentand execution process, ensuring the timely introduction of new productsand services to customers, end-users and specifiers.P&S’s Jack Wells (centre) is the first recipient ofANSI’s Elihu Thomson Electrotechnology Medal.INFO NO. 4Questioning yourNoisy Bathroom Fan?Aeroflo has the answers!AeroFan Bathroom Ventilation Fans are engineered to providesuperior ventilation and reliable service, combined with quietand efficient 2-speed operation. Available in lighted or nonlightedversions, AeroFans will compliment any bathroom décorwith their attractive and modern design.Aeroflo offers a superior line of ventilation products and airpurification systems, providing .....better AIRFLOW by DESIGN! TMTel: 905-890-6192Toll: 800-779-4021Web: www.aeroflo.comThe American NationalStandards Institute (ANSI)named Jack Wells of Pass& Seymour/Legrand (P&S)the first recipient of its ElihuThomson ElectrotechnologyMedal, which recognizes anindividual who has contributedin an exceptional, dedicatedway to the field of electrotechnologystandardization,conformity assessment and related activities both at the nationaland international levels. “Jack has worked tirelessly to manage industryrelations and improve codes and standards, and he’s become a respectedresource throughout the electrical world,” said Mike Gambino,president and CEO of Electrical Wiring Systems, Legrand NA.Power Distribution Inc. (PDI)—a designer, manufacturer and servicerof power distribution/monitoring and static switching equipment—announcedKeith Schmid as its CEO, replacing Rich Combswho will serve as executive chair. Schmid comes to PDI from ExideTechnologies where he served as general manager of Exide IndustrialEnergy–Americas. Prior to Exide, Schmid was at GNB Technologies,Philips Consumer Communications, AT&T/Lucent Power Systems andAT&T Bell Laboratories.Didier PflegerDidier Pfleger has joined international engineeringand project management company, AMEC, as COO,Power and Process, and was appointed to the managementcommittee. He joined the company from ABB’sRobotics division, where he served as head of BusinessUnit Systems. 2007 marks AMEC’s 100-year anniversaryin Canada, where the company has about 5000employees operating from 74 offices.One lighting giant acquiring another:Philips and GenlyteRoyal Philips Electronics has entered into a definitivemerger agreement with North American luminairescompany Genlyte Group Inc., in which Philips willcommence a tender offer to acquire all of the issuedand outstanding shares of Genlyte for about $2.7billion USD (to be paid in cash upon completion).The proposed transaction builds on Philips’ earlieracquisition of Color Kinetics (now Philips SSLSolutions, below).Genlyte designs, manufactures and sells lightingfixtures, controls and related products for a varietyof applications. Just under 90% of its 2006 revenueswere related to commercial and industrial applications,with the remainder in high-end residential applications.Genlyte sells its products under the major brandnames of Alkco, Allscape, Ardee, Canlyte, Capri/Omega, Carsonite, Chloride Systems, Crescent, D’ac,Day-Brite, Gardco, Guth, Hadco, Hanover Lantern,High-Lites, Hoffmeister, Lam, Ledalite, Lightolier,Lightolier Controls, Lumec, Morlite, Nessen, Quality,Shakespeare Composite Structures, Specialty, Stonco,Strand, Thomas Lighting, Thomas Lighting Canada,Vari-Lite, Vista and Wide-Lite.Meantime, Philips Solid-State Lighting Solutions(mentioned above) has been awarded a $250,000-contract by U.S. federal agency National Institute ofStandards and Technology (NIST) to develop andcreate a new test system to improve methods for calculatingand measuring the quality of a light source.Under the contract, Philips SSL Solutions ischarged with developing light sources capable of producinga range of spectral power distributions withinthe visible spectrum for testing, evaluating and/orestablishing colourimetric and photometric metrics.This spectrally tunable light source will be capableof simulating various types of existing lamps andconceivable white LED light sources, allowing for anaccurate measure of how a light source would rendercolours. This should, in turn, allow manufacturers toadopt an accurate and consistent ratings system thathelps lighting professionals better evaluate and comparelamps and luminaires, including LEDs.STESI, Tiltran and Lizco:The Three Musketeers?St. Thomas Holding Inc.—wholly owned by the Cityof St. Thomas, Ont., and owner and operator of St.Thomas Energy Services Inc. (STESI)—has enteredinto an agreement to purchase the shares of two companiesnear the Town of Tillsonburg, Ont.: TiltranServices and Lizco Sales.Tiltran specializes in the engineering, constructionand maintenance of high-voltage electrical power systems,while Lizco boasts having the largest, privatelyowned transformer inventory in Canada. This is thefirst transaction of its size in the province involvinga municipally owned utility company purchasing acompetitive, privately owned services company, saythe companies.“We made the decision to purchase Tiltran andLizco because it makes good business sense,” said BrianHollywood, STESI president and CEO. “We havealways been an innovator in finding ways to secure newrevenue streams and this purchase allows us to continueto be aggressive in new business development.”Following the purchase, Tiltran, Lizco and STESIwill operate as separate companies, sharing knowledge-basedresources when opportunities arise toprovide growth and stability for all. Together, thecompanies now have the opportunity to gain accessto broader markets and larger projects.“By joining with STESI, we have given Tiltran andLizco employees an opportunity for further growth,success and security,” said Pat Carroll, Tiltran president.STESI management has assured its roughly 22unionized employees there will be no jobs, work orcontract leakage to Tiltran or Lizco as a result of thisacquisition. Additionally, the more than 55 nonunionizedTiltran and Lizco employees have beeninformed there will be no job losses as a result of thepurchase. The transaction should be complete byJanuary 2.Perspectives on registeredmale/female apprenticesRegistrations for apprenticeship training programsincreased in all major trade groups in 2005, saysStatsCan, with the largest gains occurring in the buildingconstruction trades group, thanks to Canada’sconstruction boom. In addition, women are gainingground in apprenticeship training and, in 2005, theyaccounted for almost 1 out of every 10 people whoregistered for training.Total registrations hit 293,835, up 9.7% from2004 and the biggest single-year increase since 1995.In the building construction trades group, 68,705people registered for training—an increase of nearly8100 from 2004. Registrations rose by just over 4000in the electrical, electronics and related trades group.British Columbia saw the greatest increase in registrationsover 2004, at 20.5%, with Alberta and the Yukonboth at over 12%, and Ontario at 10%. Quebec accountedfor most of the increase in the building constructiontrades, with 3470 new apprentices, followed by BritishColumbia with 2230, and Ontario with 1695.In 2005, municipalities issued a record amount ofover $60 billion in permits for residential and nonresidentialconstruction. It was the 10th consecutiveyear of increases in building construction permits, andregistered apprenticeship numbers followed closely,with increases over a similar number of years.Completions of apprenticeship training have alsobeen on the rise, hitting a high of 20,555 in 2005, up4.3% from 2004. Four trade groups accounted for threequartersof completions. Those in the metal fabricatingtrades accounted for 23% of the total—the highestproportion. This was followed by the motor vehicle andheavy equipment trades group at 21.7%, the electrical,electronics and related trades group at 18.3%, and thebuilding construction trades group at 14.4%.The two provinces and territory with the greatestincrease in completers in 2005 were Newfoundlandand Labrador at 26.9%, British Columbia at 24.8%and The Yukon at just over 24%. The largest increasein numbers occurred in Quebec (+295) in the buildingconstruction trades and in Alberta (+170) in theelectrical, electronics and related trades.Registrations among women on the riseBetween 1992 and 2005, registrations by women inregistered apprenticeship training more than tripled,from 8225 to 28,755. Since 1998, they have morethan doubled. In 2005, women accounted for 9.8%of total apprentices, double the proportion of 4.5%in 1992. However, while women’s registrations haveincreased in every major trade group, their numbers arestill low, with one exception: 17,530 women registeredfor training in the food and services trades, where theyaccounted for 63.8% of total registrations in 2005.Men vastly outnumbered women in other trades. Forexample, women accounted for only 3% of registrationsin the building construction trades, the largest proportionafter that of the food and services trades group, and2.4% in both the electrical, electronics and related trades,and the motor vehicle and heavy equipment trades. Menalso vastly outnumbered women when it came to completingprograms; of the 20,555 completions in 2005,women accounted for 10.8%, or only 2225. However,this was double their proportion of 5.5% in 1992.Women also accounted for most of the growth in the9.8% increase in the number of completions between1992 and 2005. During this period, the number ofmen who finished their training program rose by only640, while the number of women more than doubledfrom 1030 to 2225.4 • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • www. mag.comAeroflo_EB_Nov07.indd 110/16/07 3:51:41 PM

Wishing you the happiest of holiday seasons and a New Year filled with fast,accurate and prosperous device box installations!IBERVILLE ®LHTQ – innovative design and quality manufacturing are a family affair.Info no. 5

INDUSTRY NEWSWinners of EB’S August 2007 Photo ContestElectrical Business is pleased to announce the winners of theHeritage “What Am I?” Photo Contest for the August 2007 edition,who correctly identified the mystery heritage item on page 6 as theGreenlee #750 chain pull drill. The winners are:• John Caldicott, Retired (Powell River, B.C.)• Sam Cocuzzi, ESA (Woodbridge, Ont.)• Robert Fournier, R.J. Fournier Electric Inc. (Essex, Ont.)• Scott Little, Little Electric Inc. (Cambridge, Ont.)• Jim Murphy, Jim Murphy Electric (Perth, Ont.)• Ronald Riedel, IBR (Surrey, B.C.)• Michael Shea, City of Victoria (Victoria, B.C.)• Kenneth Todd, KT Industries (Red Deer, Alta.)• Jim Vey, S Electrical Services Ltd. (Maple Ridge, B.C.)Electrical Business launched the photo contest in the August 2007edition, in cooperation with the Electrical Heritage Society ofBritish Columbia as well as generous industry partners. In thiscontest, readers guess the nature of an electrical artifact from thesociety’s collection to win cool prizes—in this case, an LVD2 VoltLight courtesy of our friends at Fluke Electronics Canada.Women in apprenticeship trainingyounger than menWomen who register for apprenticeship trainingin trades are, on average, younger than their malecounterparts. In 1992, the average age for womenin apprenticeship training was 28. By 2005, this hadincreased to 29. On the other hand, men in apprenticeshiptraining in 1992 were 29, on average, and30 by 2005.At the other end of the scale, the oldest women—with an average age of 33—were registered in thebuilding construction trades group. For men, theoldest—with an average age of 31—were in thebuilding construction trades, and industrial andrelated mechanical trades.In 2005, the biggest proportion of women inapprenticeship training (30.9%) was in the 20-to-24age group. Combined with the under-20 age group,they account for 42.5% of all women participants,compared with 34.5% for men. The biggest proportionof men was also in the 20-to-24 age group.Between 1992 and 2005, the most significant changesin the number of women in apprenticeship trainingprograms by age group occurred among the youngestand oldest. The number in the under-20 age groupsurged from 475 in 1992 to 3325 in 2005. The numberin the 50-plus age group rose from 100 to 1050.The case was similar for men. Their most significantgrowth occurred in the under-20 age group,where the numbers rose from 3570 in 1992 to19,870 in 2005. Among program completers, 43.9%of women were aged 20 to 24—the highest proportion.In contrast, only 21.1% of male completerswere in this age group. The biggest proportion ofmale completers was in the 25-to-29 age group.BCEA donates $25K to Camosun CollegeThe Camosun College Foundation received a donationof $25,000 from the British Columbia ElectricalAssociation (BCEA) in support of the college’s electricaltrades students and electronics engineeringtechnology students.▼PHOTO CONTESTElectrical Business, in association with the Electrical HeritageSociety of British Columbia—along with generous industry partners—is excited to present the Heritage “What Am I?” PHOTO CONTEST.Pictured on the left is an item from the heritage society’s collection of electricalartifacts. The contest begins when you think you know what this item is. Of course,we’re not going to show the item in its entirety—that would be too easy! (You’ll haveto wait until next month to see the whole picture, as well as the correct answer.)Here's how to playVisit EBMag.com where you’ll find an entry form along with a multiple choiceanswer form. If you’ve answered correctly, your name will be added to all theother correct entries, from which 10 winners will be randomly chosen beforenext month’s installment of the “Heritage What Am I?” Photo Contest. Readthe small print below for more information. Good luck!Last month’sphoto: answerPictured here isa WestinghouseSeries Transformer(a.k.a. ‘CT’ or currenttransformer) for measuringAC current (400:5 max ratio).Winner to be announced.Thismonth’sawesomeprize!This month’s awesome prize was donated by our friends at Thomas & Betts. We haveone (1) Ty-Rap cable tie installation tool up for grabs. The heavy-duty ERG120 (for 50lb to 120 lb cable ties) aims to be the most ergonomic and efficient of its kind on themarket, with a 360° rotating nose providing flexibility in numerous positions and anadjustable grip that adapts to fit both large or small hands. A flush tail-to-head cutoffeliminates sharp cable tie ends that can cut or scratch you or nearby equipment/wiring, while a long stroke length (1 in.) means fewer handle tensioning cycles. (Prizenot exactly as shown in photo).No purchase necessary. Open to residents of Canada of age of majority, excluding Quebec. You must answer a timed skill-testing question to win. Prize valued at about $260.00. The contest is not opento anyone affiliated with, or related to, members of Electrical Business or the Electrical Heritage Society of British Columbia. (That would be unfair.) Complete contest details online at EBMag.com.INFO NO. 6Pamensky_EB_June07.indd 16 • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • www. mag.com6/18/07 11:34:52 AM

LOOKING TO GET MORE PLAY FROM YOUR ELECTRICAL PURCHASES?It’s easy to turn your purchases into cool stuff.Leisure, entertainment and office rewards are all within your reach with IED Rewards. There’s a powerful lineupof products to choose from – tools for the workshop, the latest gadgets and electronics for the home andunique items that are a collector’s dream – the possibilities are endless.The program is simple. We reward our loyal customers for purchasing participating suppliers’ products from anIED Distributor. You earn one point for every dollar spent (1) at any IED Distributor (2) across Canada. Your points areupdated monthly and you can begin receiving rewards for as little as 1500 points (3) . What could be easier?To enroll, log on to www.iedrewards.ca, click on register and then follow the prompts.Sign up with the IED Rewards Program today. You’ll be amazed at what your purchases can become.(1) Points earned on purchases from participating IED Distributors and participating suppliers only. (2) Rules on website apply. (3) Points can be converted to charitable donations to ensure compliance with individual corporate policies.Info no. 7

©2007 Philips Electronics North America Corporation. Use of the H2E logo does not imply H2E endorsement.Simplicity is a lamp that’s as perfect for yourwork environment as it is for the global one.Philips T8 lamps with ALTO II TM Technology. No compromises, no trade-offs.Now our energy efficient T8 lamps have 50% less mercury than our previousALTO lamps— the lowest mercury levels in the industry. What’s more, there’sno sacrifice of life, lumens, or energy efficiency either. Which makes it possible tomeet your financial, performance, and environmental goals — so you can keep yourworkplace green and your budget in the black.www.philips.comInfo no. 8

Industry News“BCEA aims to give back whenever we can, andthis is one way of helping students pursuing a careerin the electrical field,” said BCEA executive director,Barbette Cejalvo. “They are the future of our associationand will become the backbone our industry.”The endowment will annually generate two$1000 bursaries for one student in the first year ofthe Electrical Trades program and one student in theElectronics Engineering Technology program.“Camosun College has a strong partnership withBCEA in jointly coordinating training for the electricalindustry,” said Kari Frazer, development officer atCamosun. Susan Haddon, executive director of theCamosun College Foundation, accepted the donationat the opening session of BCEA’s Electrix in Victoria.Haddon thanked BCEA for its donation and announcedthe college had topped the donation with $5000, makingthe endowment fund a total of $30,000.For more information about BCEA Scholarshipsand Endowments, visit www.bcea.bc.ca.The Island goes further to protect hearingRecently approved amendments to Prince EdwardIsland’s Occupational Health and Safety Act, Noiseand Confined Space regulations, are now in placeand designed to help prevent hearing loss due tonoisy workplaces. The Noise amendments includerequirements for a hearing protection program in theworkplace, including noise measurement, educationand training, engineered noise control, hearing protection,posting of noise hazard areas, hearing testsand an annual program review.The Confined Space amendment expands the definitionof “confined space” and provides greater clarityto OHS training providers and industry stakeholderson what is considered a confined space.“Prevention is the most effective way to minimizethe overall emotional, physical and financial burdenof workplace injuries,” said Carolyn Bertram,minister of communities, cultural affairs and labour.“These positive changes to our Occupational Healthand Safety Act regulations ensure greater protectionfor Island workers and employers in regard to workplacehealth and safety standards.”P&S files GFCI patent infringementlawsuit against HubbellPass & Seymour/Legrand (P&S) announced the filing of a patentinfringement lawsuit concerning GFCIs against Hubbell Inc.(Orange, Conn.) in the U.S. District Court for the NorthernDistrict of New York. The complaint alleges that Hubbell hasinfringed 15 U.S. patents by selling several different GFCIs. Thepatents relate to various proprietary safety features invented byP&S and incorporated into GFCIs sold by P&S.In addition to an award of unspecified damages, P&S seeksa court-ordered injunction against Hubbell to prohibit making,using, importing, offering for sale and selling the infringingGFCIs. An injunction would be effective against Hubbell andanyone in active concert or participation with Hubbell whoreceives notice of the order, such as distributors who resell theinfringing devices and contractors who use or install them.IEEE relays/underground cablesand substation transformer standardsThe IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.)has approved standards regarding protective relays on distributionlines, Ragowski Coils for protective relaying and concentricLightweight Thermal ImagerFrom Industry HeavyweightNOW WITH FUSION!240 x 320 thermal resolution FLIR FUSION: pintpoint problems fast 1.3 mega pixel visible imageneutral corrosion in underground cable. It has also approved asubstation transformer standard, and has begun work on a teststandard for partial discharge measurements and approved revisionsto two other standards.• IEEE C37.230, Guide for Protective Relay Applications toDistribution Lines, examines the advantages/disadvantagesof ways to protect electric power distribution systems. Itlooks at the fundamentals of this topic, line configurationsand schemes, and identifies problems and solutions with themethods used in distribution line protection.• IEEE C37.235, Guide for the Application of Rogowski CoilsUsed for Protective Relaying Purposes, is the first guide onthis topic. It establishes criteria and requirements for applyingRogowski Coils (RC) in electric power systems and providesrequirements for the performance, operation, testing, safety considerationsand maintenance of RC-based current transducers.• IEEE 1617, Guide for Detection, Mitigation and Controlof Concentric Neutral Corrosion in Medium VoltageUnderground Cables, includes discussion of the consequencesof significant loss of the concentric neutral and recommendationsfor mitigating and controlling cable concentricneutral corrosion.tEducational grant programdonates multimetersThe 287 and 289 DMMs “are theperfect tools for students”, saidDavid Green, director of marketingand education programs at FlukeCanada. “Their features and capabilitiesallow students to makethe measurements and solve theproblems that they will face whenthey are in the workforce.”Fluke Electronics Canada hasannounced it will donate over$23,000 worth of digital multimetersfor students in Industrial andElectronics programs through the Fluke EducationGrant Program.Instructors in accredited programs can apply forseparate grants of the new Fluke 287 and 289 Truermslogging multimeters with TrendCapture; 10winners will be selected to receive Fluke 287 meters,and 10 Fluke 289 meters. Each will receive a grantof two (2) Fluke digital multimeters. The 287 and289 retail for $565 and $599, respectively.Grant applications will be reviewed by a committeefrom Fluke Canada for program elementsincluding breadth of course offering, degree/certificationqualifications granted, statistics and plans forusing the Fluke DMMs within the curriculum andreasons for receiving the grant. The winning institutionswill be announced in February 2008.Instructor applicants must be registered on theFluke Education partnership program. Membersof the Fluke Educators Partnership Program canapply for the grant by completing the grant applicationforms available online at www.flukecanada.ca/Education. Membership is free but hurry: the deadlinefor applications is January 31.Forget struggling with bulky, hard-to-use infrared images.Invest in the new FLIR T400 infrared imaging camera and make your job easyThis camera uses the latest technologies including optics that tilt at the flick of a wrist, an LCD that also serves as a touch screen, 4-hourrechargeable battery, and software that makes reporting and documentation a snap.Check out these great featuresNew IR Detector Delivers Four Times the resolutionof Competing BrandsLarge 3.5” Full-Colour LCDOptics head tilts 120o for ease of useMicrosoft® Compatible, Email Friendly1.3 megapixel visible light cameraThe Global Leader in Infrared CamerasServicing Canada for 46 yearsFUSION made for combining visible light and IR imagesRemovable SD/Memory CardRugged Yet Lightweight - Less than 2 lbsLong 4-hour Battery LifeFREE QuickReport SoftwareTouch screen annotating toolDETECT hot spots, avoid electrical failures, increase worker safety, and protect building assets now! For Electrical, Mechanical & Building Inspections!To request your FREE demo or to obtain more information call1 800 613-0507 ext: 24 or go to www.goinfrared.comHolster for Portability andEasy Access to CameraTarget Illuminator and1.3 Mega Pixel Visual CameraTiltable Optics ReducesBack and Arm StrainTouch Screen Text/SketchFunctionalityInfo no. 9Flir_EB_Sept07.indd 19/19/07 1:41:33 PMwww. mag.com • november/december 2007 • 9

PUT YOUR INVENTORY ON WHEELSTHE 2008 DODGE SPRINTER > Best-In-Class * cargo volume up to 17,000L (600 cu. ft)> Best-In-Class* interior standing height up to 2140 mm (7 ft) > Best-In-Class* loadcompartment length of up to 4700 mm (15.4 ft) > Best-In-Class* interior compartmentaccessibility of any large van > Lowest* load floor height of any 2500 Cargo Van > Largest* sideand rear door openings > Over 25 advanced safety and security features available > Diesel fuelefficiency and low maintenance > For more info, visit dodge.ca, or call 1-800-361-3700.Some equipment described here may be available at extra cost or only on certain models.*Based on Automotive News classification. Properly secure all cargo.Info no. 10

Industry News• Work has started on IEEE PC37.301, Standard for High-Voltage Test Techniques: Partial Discharge Measurements,which applies to equipment and components rated1000V, including fuses, switches, circuit breakers and padmountedswitchgear.• IEEE C37.20.7, Guide for Testing Metal-EnclosedSwitchgear Rated Up to 38kV for Internal Arcing Faults,has been revised to harmonize with IEC documents, correctinconsistencies in the procedure, and add an applicationguide as an annex. Its scope was extended to coverlow-voltage, metal-enclosed AC power circuit-breakerswitchgear. The standard applies to arcing faults entirelyin air within the enclosure.• Also revised was IEEE 532, Guide for Selecting andTesting Jackets for Power, Instrumentation and ControlCables, to bring it up to date with current technology. Inaddition to helping users select jackets and protective coversto optimize cable installations, it also reviews the typesand rules of jackets.• IEEE also has confirmed the continued use of IEEEC37.09, Standard Test Procedure for AC High-VoltageCircuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis,and IEEE C37.20.1, Standard for Metal-Enclosed Low-Voltage Power Circuit Breaker Switchgear.• The association has also approved IEEE C57.12.36,Standard Requirements for Liquid-Immersed DistributionSubstation Transformers, which covers selected electrical,dimensional and mechanical characteristics of these transformers.It clarifies requirements for this class of transformersby combining selected distribution requirementsfrom IEEE C57.12.34 and selected product specificationsfrom IEEE C57.12.10, so users and manufacturers have asingle location for all requirements.• IEEE has also begun revising its guide for direct lightningstroke shielding of substations to bring it in line withcurrent technology, and has started work on IEEE P525-2007/Cor 1, Guide for the Design and Installation ofCable Systems in Substations: Corrigendum 1, to correctelements of this standard.Eaton Corp. acquires Babco Electric GroupEaton Corp. just announced it has acquired the assetsof Alberta-based Babco Electric Group. Babco manufacturesspecialty low- and medium-voltage switchgearand electrical housings for use in the Canadian oil andgas industry, as well as other harsh environments. Thecompany had sales of $11 million in the fiscal year endedApril 30, 2007.“This acquisition increases our capabilities within theAlberta marketplace and demonstrates our commitmentto support the growth of our local customers,” said SteveBoccadoro, Eaton’s Electrical Group’s (Canada) vice-presidentand GM. “It also provides us with additional manufacturingcapacity to enhance the level of service for our customersacross Canada.”lion rebate program in conjunction with Natural ResourcesCanada (NRCan).To participate in the Ontario Solar Thermal HeatingIncentive, applicants must apply through the federal ecoEN-ERGY for Renewable Heat program. The province’s programapplies to those Ontario applications submitted to the federalprogram on or after June 20, 2007. Interested applicantsshould first visit www.ecoaction.gc.ca (NRCan’s ecoACTIONwebsite) or call NRCan at (877) 722-6600. Then, more informationabout Ontario’s matching incentive can be found onthe Ministry of Energy website at www.energy.gov.on.ca or bycalling (888) 668-4636.Leviton unveils new branding venture“We have one of the most valuable and recognizable brands inour industry,” said Donald J. Hendler, Leviton’s president and CEO.“We intend to build on our past legacy of pioneering innovationand establish a strong emotional connection with the many audiencegroups we serve.”Leviton Manufacturing recently unveiled a major rebrandinginitiative that, says the company, reflects a shift toward a moreprogressive identity. Central to the initiative is the replacementof the company’s all-blue “Building a connected world”logo with a motif that highlights the “ON” in the Levitonname in a bright green colour field. The company says thenew brand identity resonated strongly in focus groups consistingof diverse market segments (i.e. electrical contractors,distributors, interior designers and consumers).Schreder Lighting USA establishedMade in Canada.w w w . t n b - c a n a d a . c o mIBERVILLE ® LHTQ —2- 3- and 4-GANGSave time and effort during multiple devicewall outlet installations with pre-gangedBC2304-LHTQ steel outlet boxes in 2-,3- and 4-gang configurations.Like the original BC2304-LHTQ device box,these new pre-ganged models are precisionwelded for superior strength and provideadditional capacity to accommodate agreater number of conductors. What’smore, they incorporate all the patented, timesaving features you’ve come to expect fromthe IBERVILLE LHTQ family.monthlyInfo no. 11Coleman to acquire Katy’s electricalproducts businessColeman Cable Inc.—a manufacturer of electrical and electronicwire and cable products—has entered into a definitiveagreement to acquire the electrical products business of KatyIndustries Inc., which operates as Woods Industries (Canada)Inc. in Canada. Its principal business is the design and distributionof consumer electrical corded products. Colemanexpects to derive additional benefits from the acquisition overtime through cross-selling opportunities, logistics and purchasingsynergies, and the implementation of best practicesthroughout the entire organization.Ontario aims to be solar energy hot spotOntario is increasing its use of solar energy, with over 100 contractssigned for potential solar energy projects across the provinceranging from residential systems to large-scale solar farms. NowOntario’s businesses, industries and institutions have anotherincentive to get in on the action: a program that will provide themwith up to $80,000 to install solar heating systems.The Ontario Solar Thermal Heating Incentive matchesrebates provided by the federal ecoENERGY for RenewableHeat program. Each program provides up to 25% of the costof purchasing and installing a solar hot water/air heating system,to a maximum of $80,000.Gerry Phillips, Ontario’s new energy minister, hasannounced an agreement with the federal government thatwill help the province implement this four-year, $14.4-mil-Schréder Group G.I.E., a Belgian architectural outdoor lightingplayer, has established Schréder Lighting USA in Chicago,Ill. It is the latest member of The Schréder Group G.I.E.,which comprises over 40 group members within 36 countriesand four continents. The Chicago facility includes offices andtraining session rooms, with a product showroom and tunnellighting laboratory in development.“The establishment of our newest group member in theUnited States will complement our existing Canadian operationin establishing the Schréder brand throughout NorthAmerica,” said Francis Schréder, board member of SchréderGroup G.I.E.Did you know...w w w . t n b - c a n a d a . c o m... that another new addition to theIBERVILLE ® LHTQ family will bemaking its debut in early 2008?Stay tuned for the latest breakingnews about the arrival of this newestfamily member whose sure to pleasethose of you who are continually onthe look out for innovative, time-savingproducts.IBERVILLE LHTQ – innovativedesign and quality manufacturingare a family affair.Info no. 12www. mag.com • november/december 2007 • 11TnB_vert_EB_Nov07.indd 111/20/07 4:17:06 PM

quebec reportWind power generation doesnot get a free pass in QuebecAlthough wind power generation seems the ideal‘green’ solution, and complementary to the‘blue’ source the world over, many groups inQuebec are strongly opposed to most wind projectsunder development.Various environmental groups have carried outstudies showing there are, in fact, many disadvantagesto wind power generation; enough to lobby municipalitiesand the Ministry of the Environment to holda moratorium on wind projects across the province.Studies show that the windmills kill a large numberof birds, and the various noises they produce (via theblades, generator, etc.) chase away wildlife. Their visualimpact is also an issue, which is why it is prohibitedto erect wind turbines between the St. Lawrence Riverand Highway 20.The Quebec Federation of Municipalities (FQM)passed a motion this summer asking the provincialgovernment to dictate a minimum financial contributionthat wind power generation corporations areto pay municipalities where wind turbines are to beinstalled—be they on public or private lands. TheInfo no. 13Tmaxthe most advanced technologyTmax T1 Tmax T2 Tmax T3 Tmax T4 Tmax T5Tmax. T GenerationFor your nearest regional office:Atlantic and Quebec Region: 1-800-567-0283Mid-West & Pacific Region: 1-866-222-8368Ontario Region: 1-866-460-3300Visit us at:www.abb.comTmax has grown. The most advanced circuit-breakertechnology available from the smallest size up to 600A.Tmax provides the best technical solutions for yourproject requirements. The T Generation growsand so are your possibilities.The range:• 15A to 600A• 1-2-3-4 poles• Up to 600VAC/DC• Short-circuit interrupting capacity:10 to 100KA @ 600VAC• MCCB,MCS, and MCP versions• Electronic or thermal-magnetic trip units• Full range of accessoriesrock-bottom price, as per FQM, should be $4000per megawatt-capacity installed. In Longueuil, thefourth largest city in the province (with its 400,000citizens on the south shore of Montreal), city councilpassed a regulation earlier this summer prohibitingthe erection of any wind turbine on its urbanterritory (whether commercial or private).Meantime, Hydro-Quebec has called for tendersto get projects amounting to 2000 megawatts ofwind-generated electricity, a large portion of whichwould be granted to municipally and First Nationsownedprojects. Hydro-Quebec would like all theseturbines up and running by the end of 2013, withagreements running from 15 to 25 years. At closingof bids, 25 companies had submitted 66 projects forclose to 8000 megawatts of capacity.We should recall the lessons learned from badexperiences with the mining industry. Mining companiesbuilt towns, exploited the ground and whateverwas underneath it and, when the ore bodieswere worked out, they shut down and dismantled theoperation, leaving our governments with the job ofcleaning up their mess.Likewise, wind turbines are meant to operate forabout 20 years: what will it cost to take them down,and who will pay? Will Hydro-Quebec or the governmentimpose some kind of fee on wind powerdevelopments to take care of demolition at the endshould the promoter fold? No clear answers as yet.Meantime, 3C Inc. confirmed its partnership withLa Métis Regional Country Municipality (RCM) totender for a 30MW project valued at $65 million. Notvery far from La Métis in Carleton-sur-Mer, CartierÉnergie Éolienne (a subsidiary of Innergex Funds)just received the okay to start building its wind powergeneration farm. Minister of Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine region, Nathalie Normandeau, announcedthe government’s approval on this project comprising73 turbines, generating 1095 megawatts, worth about$170 million. Ten people will work on the farm whenit’s completed around the end of 2008. Hydro-Quebecis Cartier’s only client.Lately, the town of St-Donat in the Bas-St-Laurentregion announced it will vigorously resist a 230kVpower transmission line project between Baie-des-Sables and Rimouski. The town will ask BAPE (Bureaud’audiences publiques sur l’environnement)—roughlytranslated as the Environment Public HearingsBureau—to conduct a public hearing on this issue.Meantime, Laval (the second-largest city inQuebec) passed a motion to modify zoning plansto allow farmers to erect windmills on their premises,be they private or commercial, though limitingthem to 12 metres in height. (30% of Laval’s territoryis agricultural.)In short, wind power generation and turbinesare undergoing turbulence in Quebec, and protestscome from many sources—not just the left wing.ABB_EB_Sept07.indd 112 • november/december 2007 • www. mag.com9/19/07 1:45:14 PM

QUEBEC REPORTTechnical presentations and lectureson the criminal code across QuebecBenoît Crête and hisskilled assistant,Nancy Généreux, arebuilding a customdesigned/-madecontrol panel for apiece of productionequipment.Maryline Rosan, Michel Watkins and Denyse Brodeur—three expert lawyers explain Law C-21 and answerparticipants’ questions. A great team, they’ve presented this lecture dozens of times over the last two years.Electro-Federation Canada (EFC) andAcpééeQ are involved in another jointventure—along with an integrator andhis main supplier (STBC [Services TechniquesBenoît Crête] and Omron)—to explain to bothmaintenance electricians and students the insand outs of safety curtains and barriers.The tour will visit 10 cities at the pace of onea month in the province. (The last event of theseries is scheduled for Trois-Rivières on June 10next year.) The half-day events conclude witha discussion with workers and supervisors thatexplains the risks of being charged with criminalnegligence under Law C-21 (affecting thecriminal liability of organizations) for accidentsoccurring in the workplace. The seminar andlecture are presented as Part II of an educationalday, which also has a seminar on changes to theelectrical code.This tour is made possible by the involvementof EFC-Quebec Region. EFC acts as the officialumbrella association representing the electricalindustry at the Employers Health and SafetyCouncil (Centre patronal de santé et sécurité dutravail du Québec). This not-for-profit grouphelps organizations solve their health and safetyissues; it will delegate one of the three lawyersshown at top right as speaker for each of the10 events.Why Law C-21 is something you should knowLaw C-21 (Bill C-45) establishes criminal liabilityfor organizations and individuals when theyfail to take reasonable steps to prevent workplaceaccidents affecting workers or the generalpublic. It does more than just create additionallegal liability for directors, officers and corporatedecision-makers; it extends legal liability toall persons directing work in the workplace. Inthe case of death, the maximum penalty for anindividual convicted of criminal negligence islife imprisonment!There are three important elements to LawC-21:1. It elevates the stigma and penalty to that ofa crime with a permanent criminal record.2. It extends legal duties to a new level, toinclude foremen, lead hands—evenco-workers.3. It goes further than any OHS legislation inthe past because it makes employers responsiblefor the public at/near the workplace,as well as all persons affected by the work.Organizations should assess their current occupationalhealth and safety programs, trainingbudgets and commitment to workplace healthand safety. Compliance demonstrates that youand your organization are taking “all reasonablesteps” toward preventing bodily harm.Introducing a NEWrewards program designedexclusively for you.Contractor Plus isThe Home Depot’sNEW rewards programdesigned exclusively forcommercial customers.As a Contractor Plus member youcan collect rewards valued at up to6%* of your commercial credit cardpurchases, which can be redeemedfor Home Depot Gift Cards.Join now!If you don’t have an account, pick upan application at the contractor servicesdesk or apply online.If you already have a commercialcredit account register online atwww.contractorservices.ca/contractorplus*Maximum gift card redemption $50,000.See in-store or visit www.contractorservices.cafor a complete list of rules and regulations.INFO NO. 14HomeDepot_EB_Aug07.indd 18/20/07 8:53:47 AMwww. mag.com • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • 13

From the Legal DeskFurther confusing what work is lienableOntario Court of Appeal releasesdecision upholding Kennedy v DanaBy Stephen Tatrallyay, LLBStephen Tatrallyay is a prominent Torontoconstruction lawyer and can be reachedvia e-mail at statrallyay@rogers.com or bycalling (416) 482-5164. He is also a memberof EB’s Editorial Advisory Board.Be careful! It would seem claims for lien are not availableto suppliers of non-construction equipment to a “bricks andmortar” base building—even when its entire purpose is tocontain such equipment and produce something with it.Near the end of September, the Court of Appeal releasedits unanimous decision upholding the majority decisionof Divisional Court in Kennedy Electric v DanaCanada Inc. 1This means that claims for lien are not available to suppliersof non-construction equipment to a “bricks and mortar”base building—even in circumstances where the entire purposeof construction of the base building was to contain suchequipment and produce something with it.In this case, Dana Canada Inc. owned land in St. Mary’s,Ont., as part of its production facility for Ford vehicleslocated there. Dana decided to construct a building on theland in St. Mary’s to house the assembly line for a new line ofpickups. The evidence at trial was that there was not muchinteraction between the building designer and the designerof the assembly line, Rumble Automotive, to determine theconfiguration of both building and assembly line, but that itwas always the intention of all concerned to use the buildingto contain the assembly line.Rumble designed the line and hired Kennedy Electric toactually construct it. The work consisted of the erection andinstallation of more than 100 mezzanine platforms, eachpurpose-designed to hold one or more of the pieces of equipmentnecessary to the assembly line, covering about 100,000sf of the floor of the building, weighing about half a milliontonnes and standing, on average, 20-ft high.The work was in two phases: first, a mock-up of theline had to be built in Rumble’s facilities in Mississauga toensure it actually worked, then the whole thing had to bedismantled by Kennedy, shipped to St. Mary’s by truck andreassembled. It was “attached” to the building by thousandsof mechanical and chemical bolts. To detach the equipmentwould result in the cutting of those bolts and inevitabledamage to the floor.Unfortunately, there was a falling out between Rumbleand Kennedy which resulted in Kennedy allegedly not beingpaid several million dollars and, in turn, not paying someof the subtrades that worked for it. Kennedy and somesubtrades liened the project and started actions to enforcetheir claims. The question of lienability was brought to trialbefore Justice Killeen sitting at London. In a decision renderedlate in 2004, Killeen held that the work in questionwas not lienable.I served as counsel for Kennedy at trial and admit to abias in Kennedy’s favour. Killeen conducted a very thoroughreview of the case law, referring to every case brought to hisattention. He indicated that he was bound by the SupremeCourt of Canada’s 1963 decision in Ace Lumber v ClarksonCo. Ltd., to the effect that, because a Mechanic’s Lien was createdby statute, the legislation should be given a strict determinationof what types of claims could be protected by it.After recognizing that the entire case turned on the definitionof “improvement”, but without really considering themeaning of that word himself, the trial judge turned to thereport of the original committee which drafted the act and,specifically, to their definition of “improvement”:While the definition... is broad, the Committee hasattempted to draft it in such a way that it will be clearthat the lien created by the Act applies only in the caseof the construction and building repair industries.He also cited the Ontario Court of Appeal’s 2001decisionin Central Supply v Modern Tile, where the Court seems tohave approved such an analysis.The only prior Ontario appellate court decision he couldfind supporting that approach was from back in 1952,decided under an earlier act with a totally different definitionof “improvement”. Cases from other provinces, whilegenerally supportive of his approach, were by no meansunanimously so; indeed, the B.C. decisions seem to haverecently begun to go the other way. The judge distinguishedthese on the basis of different wording in the definition of“improvement” in the B.C. Act (notwithstanding that it isactually more restrictive than Ontario’s).Killeen’s expressed reason for rejecting the lien was that,while the machinery was to be bolted to the floor of the plantbuilding—and lines for the layout painted on the floor—itwas admitted that all of the base services were installed by theconstructor of the base building, and that it was outside thescope of Kennedy’s contract to even hook up to them. Thetrial judge was also impressed by evidence that Dana had, onoccasion, disassembled similar systems in other plants, movedthem elsewhere and reassembled them. (In this case, though,there was no evidence of any intention on Dana’s part of doingthis. Indeed, the contract between Dana and Ford specifiedthat the equipment remain in that location to produce thatline of trucks for at least eight years.)The Prime Contract specified that no liens were to betolerated on the project, and must be removed forthwith.Kennedy’s contract was silent on the point, although it didprovide for a 20% holdback until job completion. AlthoughEligible Toronto buildingscan get a cash-back rebateof up to 40% of their costs.Contact the BOMA Toronto CDM Program for detailsINFO NO. 15416-440-0101 www.bomacdm.comBOMA_EB_Oct07.indd 114 • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • www. mag.com10/16/07 3:15:46 PM

From the Legal DesklettersKennedy strongly emphasized the fact that the planthad been specifically purpose-built, and that it andthe equipment must be treated as one integratedwhole, the judge disagreed and found that—in itsessence—there were two separate contracts. Onewas just a building and could have been put to anyuse. This was lienable. The other, which was not,was the supply and installation of equipment forcommercial purposes which could have gone anywhere,given the proper specifications of the buildingit was to be put in.Although his mandate did not require him todo so, the trial judge also made a broad statementto the effect that the installation of anyequipment for commercial usage could never belienable because the Construction Lien Act wasexclusively intended to assist those in the “constructionindustry”, even though the act does notexpressly say so.There was considerable concern about the decision,particularly in the electrical and mechanicalsections of the construction industry. Theimplications are obvious—the old “chattels versusfixtures” debates are no longer relevant. The installationof commercial machinery is not lienable,and any contract between owners and contractorsperforming such work must be revised to protectpayment rights and provide quick remedies.On first appeal, a majority decision in DivisionalCourt upheld Justice Killeen’s decision, albeit witha strong dissent by Madame Justice Chapnick. 2The matter then proceeded, with leave, to theCourt of Appeal. That court released its decision,rejecting the appeal, on September 27.The court’s basic reason for dismissing theappeal was that the trial judge made findings offact supported by at least some of the evidencebefore him, and an appellate court should notinterfere with such findings of fact (except whenthere is clear evidence that the trial judge did notunderstand the evidence or misinterpreted it).On the question of portability of the assemblyline, therefore, Justice Armstrong held that,“While a different judge may have come toanother conclusion on the issue of portability, Iam satisfied that it was open to the trial judge toreach the conclusion that he did”. While it is niceto see the court approving this often-neglectedprincipal of deference to the trial judge—which itdoes not always do—it is always available to themto change the decision if the judge has misappliedlegal principles to those facts.An incorrect statement or application of a legalissue can and should be reviewed by the appellatecourt without deference. I believe this is whatJustice Chapnick was trying to do at the DivisionalCourt level. The Court of Appeal, however, decidedthat the judge was making findings of fact(which could, in theory, be supported by evidencebefore him) and applying the law based on thosefindings. Applying this approach, he had the rightto be wrong as long as his findings were based onsome evidence.Contractors supplying these types of equipmentor materials—and their lawyers—are advised toreview and carefully consider the implications ofthe decision on their own businesses.Notes1. Kennedy Electric Ltd. and Cassidy IndustrialContractors Ltd. v Dana Canada Corp. 2007ONCA 664 (2007) 61 CLR (3d) 1; decision ofOntario Court of Appeal, released Sept. 27 2007).2. (2006) 50 CLR (3d) 283 (Ont. Div. Ct).Transported to New YorkI enjoyed reading the article about relighting the historic CustomHouse on page 40 in the October 2007 edition. It was so well writtenthat I seemed transported to the site, even though I was never therebefore and have never seen any pictures.Are there any ‘before’ and ‘after’ pictures available, please?— Harald T.Check out www.oldnycustomhouse.gov— Ed.Let’s focus on the good!I was just reading your letter from Brian B. complaining about theHouse of Horrors, and he’s absolutely right (EB Sept 07, “Horrified byhouse of horrors”, page 6). We all slow down to look at car accidents,and this is our version of that same scenario. Perhaps there should bea showcase feature to run alongside the House of Horrors spotlightingcontractors that provide quality workmanship.I am an electrical contractor [that mostly does] custom cottages. Ihave always felt that when terminating the electrical panel it is importantto put a little pride into it and do the best that you can. Whenyou visit a home and end up in the mechanical room, you’re going tonotice the panel—so if the rest of the house looks good, then so shouldthe panel. I was once told that every trade reflects on one another.When a home shows well but the panel is a dog’s breakfast, it bringsdown the quality of the overall project.Also, the panel is about the only place a residential contractor canshow his stuff; everything else is just devices. I’ve never been asked,“Hey, did you install those receptacles? Nice job”. A neat electricalpanel shows pride and craftsmanship. Time-wise I’m pretty sure itworks out about the same [as a sloppy job] when you prepare and thinkabout your approach to the job. Neat workmanship also also generateswork because when someone sees a job well done, and they’re in themarket for an electrical contractor, you will be getting that call.Thanks, and I’ll look forward to next month’s Electrical Business, asthere are always interesting articles inside.— James P.Introducinga new lineof CAT IVInsulationTesters!Hammond NewsHammond Manufacturing is proud to offer our full-line E5 standardproduct catalog. This 500 page book adds over 1000 new SKU's to ourprevious edition.Sloped Top - Page 76RAL7035 Wallmount - Page 32NEW Megger MIT400 SeriesThe high performance testerperfect for commercial andplant electricians CAT IV 600 V Rated Adjustable Insulation Test Voltages –provides 10 V to 1000 V Exceptional measurement rangefrom 20 G to 200 G Pass/Fail Limit Alarm Automatically performs PolarizationIndex tests True RMS voltage measurement Results storage and wireless Bluetooth TMdownload 3 year warrantyWWW.MEGGER.COMNew products added:• Numerous standard size stainless steel enclosures• Sloped top enclosures - mild and stainless steel• Eclipse wallmount enclosures available in RAL7035• Full line of commercial boxes and splitters• OEM friendly polyester enclosure line - PJU Series• Enhanced climate control offering• Much, much moreCommercial Box - Page 342OEM Polyester - Page 122Contact your Hammond Distributor or visit us online atwww.hammfg.com to get your catalog today.Hammond Manufacturing Co. Ltd394 Edinburgh Road NorthGuelph, Ontario N1H 1E5Offices in Montreal, Edmonton, Toronto1-800-297-9688Info no. 16Tel: (519) 822-2960 or (905) 456-3770Fax: (519) 822-0715sales@hammfg.comwww.hammfg.comInfo no. 17Megger_EB_May07.indd 15/7/07 11:46:01 AMwww. mag.com • november/december 2007 • 15

Mind your safetyA few extra minutes for your life:Daniel’s decisionDave Smith is president of CanadaTraining Group and has beenproviding consulting services toindustry since 1980. This storyand others can be found at www.canada-training-group.ca. Pleasefeel free to use this information tosupport your own safety program.By Dave SmithI’ve known Daniel (not his real name) for several years;he had been a journeyman for about 25 years, and hadhis own one-man contracting business. Then he had anaccident, and quite a few weeks passed before I saw himagain. When I did, a body wrap was covering his torso.It turns out he had been working on a 480V electricalpanel with a local three-phase disconnect, which he turnedOff before opening the panel and getting to work. When heput his screwdriver into the panel, an explosion occurred.(This is common with older disconnects: one blade stayedin because the mechanism was broken. Sometimes you canactually feel this as you are operating the handle. Perhaps theperson who last closed the disconnect felt or heard somethingstrange but never thought to check it out further.)Regardless, Daniel paid the price for this breakdown.When his screwdriver hit the live phase, he created ashort circuit to ground that quickly built from line toground, line to line to ground, and eventually all threephases to ground.As with any arc flash accident, it was all over in a splitsecond. All that was left of Daniel’s shirt were the cuffs andthe collar—everything else was burned right off his body.Luckily, his face was spared a direct blast of hot plasma asit blew out of the panel because it was positioned a littlelower on the wall.I visited Daniel regularly after the accident (he was inthat body wrap for about six months) and asked him aboutthe pain. Burn pains are terrible. Take the sensation you getwhen you burn your finger with a match, lighter or stoveelement, then magnify it a thousand times across yourentire body. Daniel said the doctors were finally able to gethis pain under control, but it was the nights that he foundmost difficult as he tried to find a comfortable position inwhich to sleep. He was in continual agony for months.Eventually, I grilled Daniel about the accident; specifically,I wondered why he had not done a voltage check. Hewas clearly embarrassed when he admitted that his meterhad been in his toolbox, and he couldn’t be bothered to getit, so he reasoned that, well, if the disconnect is Off, thenso should the power to the panel.Daniel made a devastating assumption that cost himdearly (and we all know what happens when you “ass-ume”)—firstthe torturous pain, then the loss of incomeas a self-employed contractor. With no compensatoryinsurance to get him through this rough period, he wasforced to return to work a lot sooner than he should have.Though still in pain, he was out there working and tryingto put bread on the table. Normally a very calm guy, theconstant pain and financial pressures made Daniel prettyshort-tempered, and his family got the brunt of it. It was adifficult time for all of them.This is the rational behind NFPA 70E, Rule 120.1(5),which requires a contact voltage measurement before startingwork: simply too many accidents have occurred becausepeople assumed an electrical circuit was deenergized when,in fact, it was not.The difficulty with people is that we’re always in a hurry;our meters “are way over there in the toolbox” or “out inthe truck”, and we make a bad judgement call. Forcingourselves to perform a voltage check every single time is difficult;we’d rather take a short cut here and there. However,skipping a voltage reading is not a short cut you want totake. Neglecting to verify that a piece of equipment is trulydeenergized risks both your life and your livelihood.Don’t be hasty: take a few extra minutes, get your meterand save your life.Info no. 18Info no. 19OntarioMarcel Houle1.800.461.4076QuebecMichel Trepanier1.877.307.5525East CoastRod Blake1.800.565.8771Accubid_EB_Nov07.indd 16 • november/december 12007 • www. mag.com10/18/07 1:17:48 PM Chess_EB_Nov07.indd 111/19/07 8:30:09 AM

Protecting your powerSpecifying outdoor generator enclosuresBy James IversonAs businesses and industries add more andlarger emergency standby generators to reducethe impact of power outages, deciding whereto locate these gensets can be problematic. Standalonebuildings or large mechanical rooms arenot an option in many applications, particularlyexisting facilities or other sites with limited spaceor other installation obstacles. Outdoor generatorenclosures are the answer in these situations, andas emergency standby generators have becomemore vital to the continuation of business so, too,have outdoor genset enclosures that are properlydesigned, ventilated, secured and located.Once the decision has been made to install thegenset out in an enclosure, the overall cost and easeof installation will depend on the physical locationof all elements of the system: genset, fuel tanks andaccessories. Several types of enclosures are available,including weather-protective, sound-attenuatingand walk-in.Weather-protective: While metal enclosures provideweather protection against the elements,they do not retain heat or hold temperaturesabove ambient in cold weather, or provide coolingbeyond the ventilation and airflow offered byincorporated louvers or perforated panels. Soundattenuation is minimal and, due to their tight fit,access panels or doors are required for maintenanceand inspections.Sound-attenuating: These enclosures may be specifiedwhen noise reduction is needed to meet localordinances. They are generally larger and more costlythan strictly weather-protective enclosures due tothe design features required to reduce noise.Walk-in: This term encompasses a variety of enclosuresthat are custom-built to a specific application.They often include sound attenuation, as well asspace for power switching and monitoring equipment,lighting, fuel tanks and other equipment.They can also accommodate insulating and heatingcapability. Walk-in enclosures may be treated as abuilding by local inspection officials.enclosures so that the heat from one generator is not drawninto others.Sometimes, as a last resort, the only outdoor location foran enclosed genset may be the rooftop. Provided the roof isproperly designed or modified to take the extra weight, this canoften be a solution in urban areas. However, there are advantagesand disadvantages. While this location may resolve spacelimitations, refuelling, load bank testing and maintenance maybe more difficult.All-weather protectionThe amount of weather protection needed is often a matter ofgeography. In tropical climates, the principal weather challengesare sun, heat, rain, salt spray, wind storms, blowing sand andlightning. Within 60 miles of the ocean, aluminum enclosuresresist corrosion from salt air. In more northern climates, icestorms, heavy snow and severe cold pose additional threats.It is recommended that any outdoor genset enclosure havea corrosion-resistant finish (often aluminum or painted steel),Outdoor enclosure criteriaVirtually any genset size can be housed in anoutdoor enclosure available from the generatorsupplier or a variety of third-party suppliers. Whenyour facility is considering a new generator thatwill be housed in an outdoor enclosure, you shouldconsider the criteria that follow.Site selectionThe location for your outdoor enclosure should belevel, well-drained and secure from flooding, fire,icing and vandalism. For reasons of reliability, thegenset should be located near the main electricalservice but not so close that localized problemsat the service entrance will interfere with it. Forexample, a fire at the utility service entrance wouldbe less likely to affect a standby genset located somedistance away. Control panels and connectionsshould have ample clearance for easy access, andthe fuel tank should be located so that refuelling isconvenient. Also, keep the generator location awayfrom building openings, combustible materials orbuilding ventilation inlets.In multiple-generator applications, be sure thereis adequate spacing between generators. Orient theRugged and reliableelectrical testing products.All in the Fluke family.Earth groundclamp metersCurrent leakageclamp metersElectrical testersInsulation testersDon’t get burned.Find it. Fix it. Fast.The new Fluke T+PRO electrical testershave all the benefits of a solenoid testerwith the safety of a CAT IV 600V rating.Low impedance means no ghost voltagescausing false measurements.• Measure continuity, resistance and GFCI trip• Voltage detection and basic measurementwork even with dead batteries• Audible, visual, vibration indication• Integrated rotary field indicatorFor more information call 800-36-FLUKEor visit www.flukecanada.ca/burnedFluke. Keeping your worldup and running.NEWINFO NO. 20www. mag.com • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • 17

stainless steel hinges, corrosion-resistant handles and otherhardware, and rain shields on cooling air intakes and exhaust.Cooling air intakes and exhaust may need motorized louversthat open when the genset is started and close automaticallywhen it is off to protect against precipitation.The outer surfaces of the enclosure can be primed andpainted sheet metal—either steel or aluminum. The paint needsto be of a quality and thickness to retain gloss and resist minorimpacts and corrosion due to salt spray, humidity and water (inaccordance with appropriate ASTM standards).In areas where ice and snow accumulate, it will be necessaryto provide for regular snow/ice removal around doors, louversand dampers. In cold climates, the enclosure may have to be fittedwith an electric space heater in addition to having a coolantheater on the generator engine. Also, diesel fuel may need to beheated to prevent gelling.In storm-prone areas, consider an enclosure with added structuralstrength to withstand high wind loading. Outdoor generatorenclosures are available with enhanced strength that resists windspeeds of over 150 miles per hour. In earthquake-prone areas, aseismic-certified enclosure may be required. In flood-prone areas,install the generator and enclosure well above the highest expectedwater level (on an elevated platform or a rooftop, for example).Industrial Grade Qualityavailable in Type 1 and Type 3Renclosures for commercial andmulti-residential users.t 30A to 1200A, Fusible orNon-fusible devicest Double throw switches forback-up powerNEW Featuresy Elevator interlocks up to 200Ay Rated for solar powerapplicationsy Optional finger safe protectionControlling temperatureGensets can maintain their rated power output so long as theambient air temperature flowing into the enclosure does notexceed the cooling system ambient temperature rating and staticrestriction. When this air temperature is exceeded, the output ofthe generator will have to be reduced to prevent overheating.Cooling requirements for the enclosed genset can also be affectedby site selection. Whenever possible, locate the enclosure in anarea where there is free air flow. Avoid locations such as coveredparking ramps or other nearby walls or overhangs that may restrictcooling air flow or require complex routing of engine exhaust.Select an enclosure with adequate flow-through ventilationthat keeps temperatures in the optimum operating range. Thiswill allow the generator set to operate at its nameplate rating.The best enclosures incorporate advanced radiator, fan and louverdesigns that provide optimal airflow through the enclosure tocontrol engine and generator operating temperatures even in themost severe environments. Keep cooling air intakes and exhaustsclear of obstacles.SecurityVandalism is a common problem that can compromise a standbypower system’s reliability. Lockable access points to connections,Square DCommercial Safety Switchesswitches and valves deter unauthorized persons frominterfering with system operation. Access to the fueltank and system controls should also be restricted.Sound attenuationAlthough gensets used for standby power do notrun often, controlling the noise they produce canbecome a major concern when they are located nearthe property line or in a crowded urban environment.Most locales have ordinances that set limits onpermissible sound levels at the property line. Whileexhaust silencers can greatly suppress exhaust noise,much of the noise from an enclosed genset comesfrom the cooling air fan. This fan noise is harderto control but can be greatly reduced by carefullydesigning the air intake and air exhaust plenums.Sound attenuation depends on many factors,including the sound level produced by the generatorengine, the design of the air intake/exhaust plenums,the type of exhaust silencer and local conditions.Work with your genset and enclosure supplierto determine the level of noise suppression neededto comply with local regulations. Most enclosureproviders offer one or more levels of sound attenuationas options.Additional issues regarding sound attenuationinclude:• Critical sound-attenuation remedies will increasethe overall footprint, complexity and cost of aninstallation.• Sound-attenuating materials in the walls andceiling of the enclosure trap not only sound,but heat.• If sound attenuation is required, specify nonhygroscopicand non-flammable material to preventmoisture build-up inside the enclosure.• Pay particular attention to noise generated atcooling air intake/exhaust plenums. The designof airflow through the enclosure is critical tominimizing this noise.FuelFor increased security and to reduce the footprint ofyour installation, many gensets can be ordered withan integrated high-capacity fuel tank. It protects fuellines and filler connections within the enclosure forbetter security and provides a compact installation.Look for tanks that include dual-wall construction,fuel gauges and provisions for catching fuel leaks,ruptures and overflows. Be sure to allow sufficientclearance around the enclosure to allow fuel trucksto access the enclosure. Consult local authoritiesregarding fuel tank codes.MaintenanceFor walk-in enclosures, ensure there is sufficient roomwithin for easy maintenance access to key gensetcomponents. Skin-tight enclosures should have largeaccess doors and panels. Good interior and exteriorlighting can make all maintenance and troubleshootingtasks easier.Info no. 21For more information visit,www.schneider-electric.ca/dcConclusions and recommendationsSpecifying the best enclosure for a standby powersystem is an important task, because it can have animpact on both the short-term operation and longtermreliability of the system. Start with a thoroughassessment of your power needs, installation locationand environment, then work with your gensetand enclosure supplier to design an installation thatfits all your specifications.Jim Iverson is a senior applications engineer for CumminsPower Generation, and holds degrees in Engineering Scienceand Electrical Engineering. His responsibilities includeproviding technical direction to the Commercial Marketingand Sales departments, participating in domestic industrycodes and standards development, providing sales andservice training, developing technical input for publishedliterature and software, publishing technical papers on relevantindustry topics, and providing application engineeringsupport to customers.Schneider_pg2_EB_Oct07.indd 118 • november/december 2007 • www. mag.com9/24/07 10:26:19 AM

Canadian Distributors forwww.sscableties.comStainless Steel Cable TiesStainless Steel Banding(Coated & Uncoated)Banding ToolsCable Tie ToolsAccessoriesGiant Band(up to 1 1/4” wide)Easy to InstallResists VibrationNon-CorrosiveFire-ProofHigh Tensile StrengthLight WeightHandles ExtremeTemperaturesNo UV Degradation- lasts for years!Use to Mount IrregularlyShaped ObjectsCall for Distribution Opportunities665 Millway Ave. Unit #34, Vaughan, ON. L4K 3T8 • bandngo@bellnet.caPhone: 905-669-7476 • Fax: 905-669-1953 • Toll free: 1-888-871-6573INFO NO. 22

ELECTRICAL EXCELLENCEimagination at workGE CanadaGE’s commitmentThe imagination and the enthusiasm of GE reach across Canada.For over 110 years, GE has inspired great ideas and new technologiesto help build Canada’s economy. Across the country, our employeesbring the breadth of GE’s capabilities in technology, financial servicesand media to Canadian business. In Canada, GE’s North American andglobal centres of excellence bring Canadian capabilities to the world.GE employees in over 115 sales, service and manufacturing locationssupported by GE’s global resources, help businesses in Canadasuccessfully grow and compete.Ecomagination SMreflects GE’s commitment to invest in creatinginnovative solutions to solve the world’s most pressing environmentalchallenges. GE is meeting the needs of Canadian business by providingproducts and services that improve the bottom line for ourcustomers and reduce the impact on the environment. At thesame time we are reducing our own greenhouse gas emissions andimproving the energy efficiency of our operations across the globe.From water purification systems and renewable energy initiatives toenergy efficient locomotives and lighting, GE is working withCanadian customers to solve their business challenges.www.ecomagination.comGE IndustrialGE Industrial helps keep the world working through a broad rangeof products including appliances, lighting, factory automation systems,and security and sensing technology. GE Industrial also offersequipment leasing, as well as management and operating services.LightingGE Lighting provides solutions for commercial, industrial andresidential use across Canada with product offerings from compactfluorescent, halogen, linear fluorescent and high intensity dischargelamps. GE uses innovative lighting technologies and ecomaginationto meet pressing environmental challenges. GE Lighting is committedto serving customers across Canada with localized expertise, productquality and excellent service.Electrical DistributionElectrical Distribution is a leading supplier of electrical products for thedistribution, transformation, protection, monitoring and control ofelectrical power. It offers a variety of products including circuitbreakers, capacitors, metering products as well as specificallyengineered equipment, uninterruptible power supplies and motorcontrol centres. The Canadian assembly and distribution facilityis meeting the growing demands of commercial customers acrossthe country.www.gelighting.com www.geindustrial.comGE and Bordeaux Developments – first ecoHomebuilder Program in CanadaIn September, GE Canada and Bordeaux Developments announcedthe signing of the first GE ecomagination Homebuilder program inCanada. The proposed 1750+ acre Harmony project is located inthe Municipal District of Rocky View, west of the City of Calgary,Alberta. The project will incorporate sustainable developmentpractices including leading edge environmental initiatives designedto promote healthy life styles and smart land use. It is expected that3500 homes will be built, as well as commercial and office buildings,a healthcare facility, and extensive open space/recreational facilities.Bradley Smith, Manager of Corporate Initiatives, worked across GEbusinesses to bring the exciting collaboration with Bordeauxtogether. The project provides opportunities for infrastructureprojects and home/office based applications, including watermanagement and reuse, systems design, lighting, appliances,GE Healthcare and Enterprise Solutions.In the communityGE Canada is dedicated to improving the communities whereemployees work and live. GE has a long history of volunteerismacross the country. Employees and retirees volunteer their time andtalent to many special causes. GE’s volunteers actively contribute tocommunity building through fundraising, mentoring, coaching,working with children, improving the environment and lendingprofessional expertise. Our community investments support theadvancement of science and technology for young people, healthresearch, education and the environment. GE Canada values ourimportant relationships with organizations like Junior Achievement,Habitat for Humanity and the United Way.Solving business challenges whilst reducing the impact on the environment.INFO NO. 2320 • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • www. mag.comADVERTISING FEATURE

ELECTRICAL EXCELLENCEThe products you know and trust...Thomas & Betts Canada LtdA century of progressand innovationIn 2007, it is difficult to imagine a world without electricity.From the machinery in industrial plants to the systems inour cars, appliances, homes and businesses, electricity is allaround us simplifying our daily lives and powering our localand global economies.Where there’s electricity,there’s Thomas & BettsIn 1898, when the Thomas & Betts Co. was founded,electricity was in its infancy but already sweeping acrossNorth America and the world, leaving in its wake countlessnew inventions that would change society in a way that noother technology has done to date.The evolution of Thomas & Betts as a company parallelsthe technological advances made possible by harnessingthe power of electricity. In fact, many of Thomas & Betts’early products such as Sta-Kon ® solderless lugs and theColor-Keyed ® colour-coded system of connectors, tools anddies were ‘’industry firsts’’, developed in direct response tothe expanding needs of the electrical industry.Building on a legacyof technological excellenceIn 2007, Sta-Kon ® and Color-Keyed ® products are still amainstay of T&B’s product offering to the industrial market.Continuous investment in new product development andmaintaining the technical excellence of existing products suchas these are central to the way Thomas & Betts runs its business.Strategic investments in research and development andnew manufacturing technologies as well as the latest inquality and safety programs, enable us to continue todevelop, refine and enhance the diversity and quality of ourproducts. It also provides us with the flexibility to respondto special requests for customized products in a timely andcost-efficient manner.Our on-line service tool, T&B Access, puts the latest in informationtechnology at distributors’ fingertips, providing them with instant accessto up-to-date product and ordering information, and the ability to carryout routine transactions 24/7 via www.tnb-canada.com.Through investment in data synchronization and other electroniccommerce technologies, Thomas & Betts partners with electricaldistributors to increase transaction efficiency. Our objective is to make everyordering experience with Thomas & Betts both pleasant and profitable forboth distributors and end-users.Delivering the goodsAll Canadian orders are shipped from our WMS driven, MasterDistribution Centre in Bromont, Quebec. Incorporating the latest inmaterial handling, computer and order processing technology, theCentre has the logistical resources to meet all supply chain requirementsas well as providing customized value-added services, rapidly andefficiently on a daily basis.Today, as in 1928, Thomas & Betts remains committed to providingcustomers with products and services that consistently exceed performanceand safety expectations. Through continuous improvement andinnovation, we’re ready to meet the challenges of tomorrow and thenext century.Canadian designand manufacturingTo ensure our products continue to meet the needs ofelectrical contractors, specifiers and maintenance personnelacross Canada, Thomas & Betts conducts regular on-sitevisits to gather input from the people who specify and installour products.Ideas and input gathered from Canadian engineers andinstallers have resulted in high-performance products thatalso simplify installation and maintenance. The StarTeck ®line of teck fittings, for example, was developed in directconsultation with engineers working in Canada’s petroleumindustry to respond to uniquely Canadian requirements forsafe cable terminations in hazardous locations.Other products manufactured in Canada, for Canadian andglobal distribution, include Iberville ® steel outlet boxes,Iberville ® roughing-in products and cable fittingsMicrolectric ® meter sockets and pole line hardware,Marrette ® twist-on wire connectors, T&B Cable Tray Systems,Nutek ® plastic boxes and T&B Conduit Fittings.Service, informationand supportA market-focused sales force – one of the largest inthe Canadian electrical industry – backed up by aknowledgeable inside sales team, work in each of our sixsales regions to serve the needs of end-users and ourextensive network of stocking electrical distributors.Additional support is provided by a centrally-located,market-dedicated customer service group.B_advertorial_Nov07.indd 1ADVERTISING FEATURE•••••••Outlet Boxes •Meter Sockets •Cable Fittings •Conduit Connectors •Grounding Devices •Service Masts •HVAC •Poles •Emergency Lighting •Cable Tray •Floor Boxes •Duct •Raceway •Wire Management Systems •Tools •Switchgear •Utility Products •Cable Ties •Markers and Labelling •Insulating Tape •Terminating Equipment •and more !INFO NO. 24Thomas & Betts Canada is a leading manufacturer of electricalcomponents used in the Canadian construction, industrial, utilityand communications markets. With a cross-Canada presence ofover 1,600 employees working in a head office, five regional salesoffices, a Master Distribution Center and eleven ISO 9001 : 2000certified manufacturing facilities, no matter where you are inCanada, there’s a Thomas & Betts facility nearby.From the smallest wire connector to the largest utility pole, informationand support for our complete product offering is never far fromreach. Whether by phone or fax or through our web site and printedcatalogues, Thomas & Betts product information, technical supportand customer service is at your fingertips.Atlantic: 1-877-862-4357Quebec: 1-800-465-1399Ontario: 1-877-291-7771Mid-West: 1-866-540-8220Alberta: 1-888-664-5666B.C.: 1-866-540-8220w w w . t n b - c a n a d a . c o mwww. mag.com • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • 2111/19/07 3:35:04 PM

By David Green, P.Eng.Convergedcommunications demandnew troubleshooting skillsFigure 1Figure 2Photo © Fluke NetworksWith the escalating move toward voice, data and video(VDV) convergence, today’s cabling installations arebecoming increasingly sophisticated. These newer,high-performance Cat 5e and Cat 6 cabling systems must supportfaster data communication rates and more precise timingof the delivery of VDV information. As a result, professionalsmust know how to test installations to the more complex performancespecifications that have been developed to addresshigher bandwidth requirements.Testing and certification for newer cabling systems entails newtest parameter and link definitions, more data points, higherbandwidth, a higher level of performance and new connectortypes—as well as patch cord requirements. After all, propercertification is the guarantee that the installer left the job ingood working order, and that the installation will perform at thenecessary levels to support a customer-approved SLA (servicelevel agreement).What follows is a brief overview of what you need to knowabout certifying cabling for today’s VDV triple-play installations.There are, in fact, three key areas that you need to considerin the certification process:• The link model: choosing the proper test setupand eliminating a common source of measurement error.• The measurements: what is tested and reportedduring certification.• The diagnostics: when errors are found, how they canbe fixed as rapidly as possible.Link modelsThe term ‘link model’ refers to the configuration of the cabling linkunder test and the manner in which the test equipment is connectedto it. It is important to ensure you are using the correct link modelstandard with the appropriate tester interface hardware.The majority of all certification tests in the field should usethe Permanent Link model, which consists of the cable and thepermanent connectors in the wall outlet or patch panel. Theconnection from the test instrument to the Permanent Link ismade via a Permanent Link Adapter (Figure 1).Keep in mind that the channel link model defines the performanceof the completed end-to-end link as it is used by theoperating network. Therefore, the patch cords that are used toconnect the PC or network device must remain in the link andplugged into the channel adapter of the test instrument.(This is why channel measurements are typically done whenrestoring service, or for verifying cabling for application support. Itis uncommon to perform channel tests during initial installation,since the patch cords are rarely available at that time. See Figure 2.)From a practical standpoint, installers need more sophisticatedfield testers, because they must to be able to measure theperformance of the link without any of the effects of the testcords with which they are connected to the link-under-test.(The reference point for the measurements is not at the testinstrument but at the far end of the test cord.)If the effect of the adapter is not totally transparent, a goodlink can produce a failing test result. The probability of this happeningincreases with the performance requirements. In otherwords, Cat 6 is more likely to produce these false Fail results.So, when performing Permanent Link tests for Cat 6/Class Elinks, it is important to take special care to ensure you are usingadapters that are appropriate for the cabling under test.Certification measurementsLink certification requires a number of complex measurements,which change in degree of precision depending on the categoryof the installed link. For Cat 5e and Cat 6 links, a certificationtool needs to measure or calculate:• Wire map• Propagation delay (delay skew and link length)• Insertion loss• NEXT (Near-End Crosstalk)• Power sum NEXT• ELFEXT (Equal Level Far-End Crosstalk)• Power sum ELFEXT• Return lossThe accuracy level of the certification tool determines its abilityto make these measurements at an appropriate level for the typeof link. For Cat 5e installations, Level IIe defines the minimumrequired accuracy. For Cat 6, a certification tool needs to meetLevel III accuracy. Level IV defines a higher level of accuracy overa wider frequency range to certify the ISO Class F (Cat 7) links.The certification tool must perform the measurements of allrequired test parameters over the prescribed frequency rangefor the category of cabling and with the number of frequencypoints defined in the standards. The test results can be inspectedon the tester or they can be stored in full detail to be inspected▼22 • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • www. mag.com

CALENDARNetworking LuncheonOntario Energy Network (OEN)January 16, 2008Toronto, Ont.Visit www.ontarioenergynetwork.organd click OEN EventsNetworking LuncheonOntario Energy Network (OEN)February 13, 2008Toronto, Ont.Visit www.ontarioenergynetwork.organd click OEN EventsUniversity of Industrial Distribution(In Cooperation with Purdue University)March 2-5, 2008Indianapolis, Ind.Visit www.univid.orgPowerTest 2008InterNational ElectricalTesting Association (NETA)March 17-20, 2008New Orleans, La.Visit www.powertest.orgAccubid User ConferenceApril 24-26, 2008Toronto, Ont.Visit www.accubiduserconference.comAnnual Electrical Industry ConferenceOntario Electrical League (OEL)April 30-May 3, 2008Huntsville, Ont.Visit www.oel.orgBC Industrial ExpoAbbotsford, B.C.April 30-May 1, 2008Visit www.bcindustrialexpo.caWILL BETHERE!14th Canadian Skills CompetitionSkills/Compétences Canada (S/CC)May 25-28, 2008Calgary, Alta.Visit www.skillscanada.comLightfair 2008May 26-30, 2008Las Vegas, Nev.Visit www.lightfair.comWILL BE THERE!WILL BETHERE!Annual ConferenceSupply & Distribution (S&D) Council, EFCJune 4-7, 2008Victoria, B.C.Visit www.electrofed.comand click Events, then EFC EventsWILL BETHERE!Annual General MeetingIndependent Electrical Distributors (IED)June 18-20, 2008St. Andrews, N.B.WILL BETHERE!Visit www.ied.ca/events.htmlIndustry ConferenceElectrical Contractors Association ofOntario (ECAO)September 6-13, 2008Costa del Sol, SpainVisit www.ecao.orgWILL BE THERE!WILL BE THERE!CSA_box_EB_Nov07.indd 1Fire Safety Research for Better Building DesignNRC-IRC (National Research Council of Canada, Institute forResearch in Construction)January 15, 2008, Fredericton (English with simultaneous translation)January 24, 2008, Ottawa (English with simultaneous translation)February 5, 2008, Calgary (English)February 7, 2008, Toronto (English)February 19, 2008, Quebec City (French)February 21, 2008, Montreal (French with simultaneous translation)Visit www.bsi.gc.caWILL BE THERE!INFO NO. 2511/28/07 2:26:57 PMMEET (Mechanical ElectricalElectronic Technology)May 7-8, 2008Moncton, N.B.WILL BETHERE!Check EBMag.com and E-Line for updates.WILL BE THERE!▲later on a computer. (Figures 3 and 4 show detailedresults from the NEXT tests across all four pairs, andthe values-by-frequency for a single pair.)Figure 3 Figure 4Advanced troubleshooting diagnosticsKnowing that a test failed is only the first step.Installers must also know how to repair the link so itwill perform as intended. Where performance issuesdo occur, they tend to fall into two distinct categories:connection and/or transmission performance problems.Having expert diagnostics tools on-hand givesyou a more informed starting point from which tobegin the repair process—a far faster and more productiveapproach than the usual trial-and-error.Many tools can provide information regarding theconnection problems, such as an open, a break, ashort, etc. The user should select a tester that can properlylocate a break or a short in the cabling, as well asidentify problems caused by improper wire pairing. Inaddition, certification testers should include advancedtroubleshooting diagnostics that identify and locatetransmission defects.With the growing demand for converged communications,structured cabling represents a growing opportunityfor the professional installer. Advanced testingand certification skills are essential to assure appropriateperformance levels and guarantee the infrastructure willsupport bandwidth requirements. With the right combinationof tools and procedures, you can make the testingphase fast, effective and, ultimately, more profitable.David Green, P.Eng., is director of marketing for Fluke NetworksCanada, and has been involved in technical support, salesand marketing of various technologies for communications,automation, testing and troubleshooting of industrial and commercialsystems for over 30 years. He is also the education programmanager for Fluke, working with educational institutionsglobally to develop industry-education partnerships.INFO NO. 26Hubbell_EB_Sept07.indd 18/29/07 12:57:35 PMwww. mag.com • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • 23

Building permits slip,but construction still strongStatsCan says the value of building permitsslipped slightly in September—although they were still well above $6billion, as gains in the residential sectorwere more than offset by declines innon-residential intentions.Municipalities issued building permits worth$6.2 billion in September, down 1.7% from $6.3billion in August. Intentions peaked at $6.9 billionin May and June. This strength during recentmonths indicates that construction sites shouldremain busy in the coming months.Non-residential permits declined 8.6% to $2.2billion, the lowest level over the last five months.The non-residential level was almost $1 billionbelow its peak in May 2007. The industrial andinstitutional components experienced double-digitdecreases, while the commercial componentremained virtually unchanged.In contrast, intentions in the residential sectorclimbed 2.6% to $4 billion. This ranked as thesecond-highest monthly value since December2005, thanks to a fourth gain in five months forthe single-family component.The total value of building permits reached$18.7 billion between July and September, down4.1% from the second quarter of 2007. This wasthe second-highest quarterly level on record for thetotal value.Unfortunately, the quarterly growth in residentialvalue of 2.1% was not enough to offset a 13%loss in non-residential intentions.Housing: Single-family reaches record highStrength in employment, growth in disposableincome, tight apartment vacancy rates in certaincentres, and attractive financing options continuedto stimulate the demand for housing.However, the deterioration of housing affordabilitydue to the rapid growth in prices for newhousing—particularly in Western Canada—andthe recent increases in mortgage rates coulderode demand.Municipalities approved single-family permitsvalued at a record-high $2.7 billion, a 9.4%increase over August. The number of single-familyunits approved rose 4.4% to 10,454, the highestlevel since January 2006.The value of multi-family permits fell 9% to$1.3 billion. The number of multi-family unitsauthorized declined 12.7% to 9041.Provincially, the value of housing permitsincreased significantly in Ontario (+27.2% to $1.6billion). This gain originated from both single andmultiple residential units, and was sufficient tocompensate for the declines in other provinces.The largest declines (in dollars) occurred inQuebec (-9.6%) and British Columbia (-9.8%),due to drops in multi-family permits. Residentialpermits incurred double-digit declines in each ofthe four Atlantic Provinces because of severe dropsin multi-family permits.In the third quarter this year, single-family intentionswere up 6.3% from the second quarter to$7.5 billion, more than offsetting a 4.6% declinein multi-family intentions to $4.3 billion.Q3 residential permit values rose in seven provinces.Increases in Quebec and Ontario wereonly partly offset by drops in Alberta and BritishColumbia, and generated a 2.1% increase at theCanada level.Non-residential sector: Western Canadapulls down the numbersSignificant declines in the three westernmost provinceswere behind the 8.6% drop in non-residentialpermits in September.In the commercial component, municipalitiesissued $1.3-billion worth of permits in September,down a slight 0.4% from August. Commercialintentions peaked in May and June 2007, reaching$2.1 billion and $1.7 billion, respectively.In September, a gain in office buildings permitswas largely offset by decreases in projects in thewarehouse and retail trade categories.In the industrial component, the value of permitsplunged 22.5% in September to its lowestlevel since April 2007. Lower construction intentionsfor manufacturing buildings were behindthe retreat. The decline in industrial permits wasspread across the country, as Quebec and Manitobawere the only provinces to show a gain.The value of institutional permits also hit itslowest level in five months, with a 15.9% drop to$517 million. This was fuelled by a lower value ofpermits for medical buildings. The decline in institutionalpermits in September came largely fromOntario and British Columbia.Provincially, the largest decline (in dollars)occurred in British Columbia, where non-residentialconstruction intentions retreated 38.7% to theirlowest level since November 2005. All three componentsexperienced reductions in the province.In Alberta, non-residential permits were at theirlowest level in the last five months in the wake of a10.1% decrease in September. In Saskatchewan, a48% drop in September followed a strong August.In both provinces, the overall decline was fuelledby retreats in the industrial and commercial components.Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotiaalso reported declines.In contrast, gains were recorded in Ontario,Manitoba, and Newfoundland & Labrador. InOntario, intentions for non-residential buildingssurpassed the $1-billion mark in September foronly the third time since 1989, thanks to projectsfor office buildings.Despite the September decline, several factors arestill having a positive impact on the non-residentialsector. Low office vacancy rates, high corporateprofits, increasing demand for health and nursingfacilities, and the vigorous retail sector are allfactors helping to stimulate the demand for nonresidentialspace.The total value of commercial permits declined23.8% in the third quarter to $3.9 billion, followinga record level in the previous quarter. The valueof institutional permits rose 2.5% to their highestvalue ($1.7 billion) since the third quarter of 2005.Industrial permits increased 11.4%.Metropolitan areas: T.O. leads the packSince the beginning of 2007, 26 out of the 34census metropolitan areas posted increases in thetotal value of building permits between Januaryand September compared with the same periodin 2006.The largest gain (in dollars) came from Toronto,with its very high construction intentions fornon-residential buildings, and a strong gain in thesingle-family component. With still a full quarterto be accounted for, the value of non-residentialpermits was already above the annual totals for2005 and 2006 in Toronto.Toronto was followed by Calgary and Vancouver.In Calgary, the strong gain came in large partfrom the booming commercial sector, especially theoffice buildings category. In Vancouver, the strongdemand in the housing sector was mainly behindthe gain.24 • november/december 2007 • www. mag.com

NEWSECTIONCOUNTER INTELLIGENCEDesigning an effective trainingprogram for your associatesBy Joe Hajek“Is training making a difference to our bottom line?”This question is increasingly being asked of HR andtraining departments across many companies. And it’sdifficult to answer when the company’s approach totraining employees focuses on responding to events as theyoccur, such as adding a new product line or new businessprocess, or discovering missing skills necessary for a job. Toooften, the results from this approach measure mastery of thetopic rather than impact on the bottom line.The question becomes easier to answer when, instead,training is viewed strategically: “What skills and knowledgedo employees need to accomplish their jobs, and how doestheir performance drive overall company performance?” Aneffective way to answer this question is with a competencybasedlearning program. It defines the competence requirementsfor job performance, the training that can develop thatcompetence, and ties in with organizational performance.According to David Dubois’ “Competency-BasedPerformance Improvement: A Strategy for OrganizationalChange”, a competency is a skill, trait, behaviour, attitude orbody of knowledge required to perform a job. For someonein sales, competencies might include:• being able to accurately fill out a sales order;• being able to listen by focusing on a customer’s voice, askingquestions and confirming his request; and,• being knowledgeable about products carried.These may be satisfactory for job performance. Exemplaryperformance competencies are important as well. Showing acontractor how a new tool can save time and money can bemore valuable than simply showing the features of the tool.The more specifically defined the competency, the easier itis to develop training for it, and the more effective the learningwill be. For example, “Excellent customer service andcommunication skills” as a competency is simply too broad,too general. It is made up of many behaviours, attitudes andtraits. Targeting training to specific behaviours, attitudes andtraits enables tangible changes in performance that will leadto improved customer service and communication.To determine how important these competencies are to acompany’s overall success requires a look at business goals.The first step in developing a competency-based learningprogram is to understand the company’s strategic businessgoals and the initiatives for achieving them. From that, theimpact of training on these goals can be determined.Business goals define competenciesTwo important goals for electrical distributors are profitablegrowth and providing a positive experience for customers.Initiatives to achieve these goals might include providingpricing and service valued by customers, managing profitabilityin sales, order processing efficiency and managinginventory levels effectively—all of which require contributionsfrom all parts of the company. Training can have animpact on many of the competencies required for thesecontributions, so it is important to include them in thetraining plan.All companies have three great resources for understandingthe skills, behaviours and attitudes that are necessaryto produce job outputs at desired performance levels: 1)employees, 2) job descriptions and, 3) performance evaluationcriteria.• Employees know how jobs are truly performed.• Job descriptions contain responsibilities (outputs) andqualifications (prerequisite competencies).• Performance criteria provide the measurementof performance.Input from these three sources provides the necessaryrequirements for desired competencies. For HR and trainingstaff, it is essential to involve managers and executivesin competency definition. They can best articulate companygoals and how employees contribute. It is also an excellentway to show them the value of training their direct reports,linking job performance with organizational performance.Competencies should integrate across different job roles.Vertical integration supports career planning and leadershipsuccession, providing an intentional plan for employeegrowth into more senior roles in the organization.Horizontal integration provides for consistent mastery ofcompetencies or knowledge across multiple roles at thesame level in the organization, such as key company valuesor core leadership skills.Foremost in determining specific training activities is toconsider delivery methods that effectively produce the learningoutcomes required to develop the desired competency.Training adults is most effective when it is interactive. Tasksand behaviours relevant to jobs can be practised beforeemployees try it on the job. Other factors to consider indeveloping training offerings are:• Delivery methods that incorporate multiplelearning styles.• Space and resources that are sufficient to reach employeeswho may be scattered among several branch locations.• Core company values reflected in the subject matter.• Company culture that is supportive of employees practisingwhat they have learned on the job.Cost constraints are always present, so it is important toprioritize the defined competencies to maximize the investmentin training. Those competencies that are more criticalto business success, or that impact a broad audience, arelikely to receive a larger investment. Specific training oftenoverlaps multiple competencies, which helps maximize thetraining investment.The result of this effort becomes a list of training activitiesthat map out specific competencies. The curriculum/competencymap shows employees what is necessary to performNeed some helpgetting started?Electrical distributors can turn tothe National Association of ElectricalDistributors (NAED) for help. With thehelp of industry professionals, NAED’sEducation and Research Foundationhas created—and is validating—draftcompetencies for several distributorjob roles that can serve as a guide forcompanies designing their own trainingprograms. Publication of these drafts isplanned for the fall of 2008.Visit www.naed.orgsuccessfully in their jobs and how to develop their skills forimproved performance, career advancement and transition.For managers, it can show where training can impact organizationalperformance, making it easier to plan for employeetraining and address individual performance issues.Continued evaluation of the training program is essentialto ensure that learning outcomes provide the desired competencies,and development leads to improved employeeperformance. Ongoing review of the competency definitionsis also necessary so the organization can adapt to changingbusiness climates, which can change business goals. Newroles may be added or existing roles redefined, so competencieswill change.Developing a competency-based learning program is a bigeffort, but the payoff is even bigger. It is an effective way tomake sure employee training is focused where it should be,moving the company toward its goals and making a positivedifference to the bottom line.Joe Hajek is an instructional designer with the National Associationof Electrical Distributors (NAED), the association for the $70+ billionelectrical distribution channel. Joe fashioned this article aftera presentation he delivered at NAED’s HR & Training Conferencein October.Proudly Supporting OurDistributor Partnerswww.sylvania.comwww. mag.com • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • 25

It’s a Snap!Introducing The Kwikon ® Multi-Link TM Form StubbyThe only product designed for managing tightly grouped ENT stub-downs.Multi-Link Form Stubbies are supplied as a unit of threeand can be interconnected to create a variety of tightlygrouped formations. All sizes of Multi-Link Form Stubbies canbe interconnected end-to-end in a straight line and eachdedicated size connects on a 45º pattern so that ENT caneasily reach each port regardless of the stub down grouping.Unique configuration flexibility45º pattern one or twogroups• Available in 1/2", 3/4" & 1" sizes• Concrete slurry protective film• Faster installation of multiple stub downsFor further information visit www.ipexinc.comInfo no. 27Tough Products for Tough Environments ®Canada Toll Free: 1-866-473-9462 • www.ipexinc.comTake a Bite Out of Installation Time For Rigid PVCIntroducing The Pipe Viper TMCold Bending Rigid PVC Conduit Made Easy.The Pipe Viper is an anti-corrosive coiled spring used to cold bend rigidPVC by hand or with a bending tool. The unique spring design maintainsthe inner diameter of the conduit without allowing it tokink or collapse. It’s that simple.Because the Pipe Viper enables PVC to be bent cold,it reduces the need for prefabricated elbows andspecial fittings, as well as the heat sources normallyrequired to re-shape conduit.The Pipe Viper is available for 1/2” to 4” rigid PVC conduit.Witness the Pipe Viper in action at www.ipexinc.comPipe Viper TMInfo no. 28Tough Products for Tough Environments ®Canada Toll Free: 1-866-473-9462 • www.ipexinc.com

Trucks forthe tradeW h e n I t ’ sMetal Halide,Make SureIt’sVentureIn addition to dual power-sliding doors, the 2008 Dodge Grand Caravan Cargo Vans feature abundant upfitter and storage capabilitywith Stow ’n Go body and tubs. Photo © Chrysler LLC.Among the 2008 Dodge Grand Caravan Cargo Vans’ standardfeatures are no intermediate or rear seats, industrial cargo floorand front rubber floor covering, as well as an integrated powerdistribution module. Photo © Chrysler LLC.Comfort and convenience features in the 2008 Dodge GrandCaravan Cargo Vans include dual glove boxes and multiplestorage bins and cup holders. Photo © Chrysler LLC.2008 Dodge Grand Caravan Cargo VanThe 2008 Dodge Grand Caravan cargo van provides businesscustomers space and durability to handle demanding commercialjobs. Designed with utility and visibility for commercialuse in mind, the cargo van is a “garageable” solution thatboasts a spacious interior along with a commercial suspensionfor heavier cargo.In addition to dual power-sliding doors, the 2008 cargo vansfeature abundant upfitter and storage capability with Stow ’nGo body and tubs. Comfort and convenience features includedual glove boxes and multiple storage bins and cup holders. Italso offers a variety of glass and/or panel configurations.Standard features include a 3.3L V6 with four-speed automatictransmission delivering 170-hp at 5200 rpm and 205lb-ft of torque at 4000 rpm, a commercial-tuned front andrear suspension, Electronic Stability Program (ESP), four-wheeldisc brakes with ABS, 225/65 R16 tires with steel wheels and a20-gal fuel tank.Additional standard features include power front windowsand locks, remote keyless entry, front and rear power outlets,no intermediate or rear seats, industrial cargo floor and frontrubber floor covering, CAN-based electrical system and integratedpower distribution module, sunscreen glass, and sidecurtainair bags with rollover protection.Available options include Flex-Fuel (E85) capability, interiordelete group (deletes rear quarter trim, C- and D- pillar trimand rear floor silencers), sidecurtain air bags delete and a 160Aelectrical alternator.The 2008 Dodge Grand Caravan cargo van promises resilienceand durability, providing 144.4 cf of cargo capacity,maximum Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) of 6050 lb,Gross Combined Weight Rating (GCWR) of 7000 lb, payloadcapacity of 1500 lb and towing capacity of 3800 lb. Hydraulicpower-assist rack-and-pinion steering, heavy-duty ride suspension,front anti-roll bar, and rear leaf suspension/springs combineto provide enhanced handling and driver comfort.Designed for commercial use with both short- and longwheelbaseversions, Dodge Grand Caravan cargo vans are a suitabletransport option for small business and commercial needs.Offering a spacious yet compact interior, its commercial suspensionallows for carrying heavier cargo without sacrificing ridequality. Dual-sliding doors and rear-quarter window openingsoffer a variety of glass and/or panel configurations for the balanceof utility and visibility that’s right for you.2008 Chevy Express...cargo van and people haulerPowerful and versatile, the Chevrolet Express is not just apassenger hauler able to accommodate up to 15 passengers,but also a reliable and durable commercial cargo van. For2008, Express delivers a higher level of safety, a freshenedinterior that includes a new driver information centre, andthe dependable performance of small-block V8 engines.Among the Chevrolet Express’ safety features is the inclusionof a standard tire pressure monitoring system, as well asnew flat and convex exterior mirrors that offer a wider fieldof vision. Standard on passenger (but available for cargo) arehead curtain side air bags, providing a higher level of protectionin the event of a side impact or a vehicle rollover. Othersafety features include four-wheel anti-lock disc brake systemwith Hydroboost, dynamic rear proportioning, and driverand front-passenger air bags.Stable handling, precise steering, good ride motion controland balance—as well as a quiet, isolated driving experience—arehallmarks of the Express. A three-piece framefeatures fully boxed sections for strength and rigidity, whileextended and tapered front frame rails are used for improvedcrashworthiness. Also, additional tubular frame cross membersare used to increase torsional stiffness.Express is available in regular (135-in.) and extended(155-in.) wheelbase lengths, and offers seating for two (forA three-piece frame features fully boxed sections for strength and rigidityin the Chevy Express, while extended and tapered front frame railsare used for improved crashworthiness. Additional tubular frame crossmembers are used to increase torsional stiffness. Photo © GM Corp.cargo vans). The 1500 Series vans include light-duty modelsrated at 7200 lb GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight), while the2500 Series includes heavy-duty models rated at 8600 lbGVW. The heavy-duty 3500 Series includes full-bodiedcargo vans rated at 9600 lb GVW, with the commercial chassisat GVWs ratings of 9900 lb to 14,050 lb).The Express’ interior boasts an extensively freshened lookfor 2008, with enhancements that include new steeringwheel, HVAC dials, radio, window switches and materialsfor cloth seats, as well as a new instrument cluster. Housedwithin Express’ new instrument cluster is an expanded DriverInformation Centre that provides you with a wealth of vehicleinformation, including: instructions to replace the fuel filter,The World Leaderin Metal Halide Technology VentureLighting.comInfo no. 29www. mag.com • november/december 2007 • 27Venture_1_EB_Nov07.indd 110/30/07 9:36:51 AM

VENTILATION FANS DESIGNED TO BE VIRTUALLYIMPOSSIBLE TO HEAR, SEE, OR RESIST.When it comes to upgrades, it’s the details that make the difference. That’s why Broan and NuTone QT Seriesventilation fans are not only attractive, but also engineered to run nearly silent without sacrificing power.They’re available in a number of Energy Star-rated models. Whichever you choose, you’ve got one easy-toinstallHVI-certified fan and one very happy customer. To locate a distributor nearest you or for additionalproduct information, call 1-888-882-7626 or visit our Web sites: www.Broan.ca or www.NuTone.ca©2007 Broan-NuTone, Canada Inc. is a subsidiary of Broan-NuTone LLC. Patents pending.Info no. 30

Trucks forthe tradeWhen It’sMetal Halide,Make Sure It’s VentureAs one of its engine options, the Chevy Express offers the Duramax 6.6L turbo-diesel V8 that delivers 250 hp and 460 lb-ft oftorque. It is teamed with the Hydra-Matic 4L85 electronically controlled four-speed automatic transmission. Photo © GM Corp.clean the exhaust filter and service the A/C system; warningsthat the transmission is hot, traction control has beendisengaged, the fuel level is low and a vehicle theft has beenattempted; and reminders that a turn signal has been lefton, the gas cap has not been properly tightened and that thevehicle’s top speed is limited. The warnings, instructions andreminders can be viewed in English and French.Customers are offered a choice of five gasoline engines,including four small-block V8 engines. A 195-hp Vortec4.3L V6 with multi-port fuel injection is the base enginefor light-duty Express Cargo. A central fuel injector deliversa separate flow of fuel to six individual hybrid injectors forbetter performance and improved emissions. Designed forquiet operation, these engines include a friction-reducingpolymer coating on piston skirts, full floating piston pins,timing chain tensioner and a quieter alternator.The small-block V8 engines in the line-up include theVortec 4.8L V8, which cranks out 233 hp or 246 hp (dependingon its weight class) and is used for heavy-duty applicationsin the 2500 Series cargo vans. Meantime, the Vortec 5.3LV8 delivers 301 hp and 325 lb-ft of torque, while the Vortec5.3L is the standard engine in H1500 Cargo models. All 5.3Lengines available are E85-compatible.Express also offers the Duramax 6.6L turbo-diesel V8 thatdelivers 250 hp and 460 lb-ft of torque. It is teamed with theHydra-Matic 4L85 electronically controlled four-speed automatictransmission, and is available on G2500 and G3500Express Cargo Van models. A fuel-operated heater (FOH) isstandard for vans equipped with the Duramax 6.6L to quicklyprovide heat to the vehicle interior in cold weather. Features suchas electronic throttle control, fast-heating glow plugs and easyserviceitems enhance the driving and ownership experience.The F-150 Series offersnumerous body configurations,including three cabchoices, three box lengths,two box styles and fiveunique series: the entry-levelF-150 XL, F-150 STX, F-150XLT, F-150 FX4 and luxuryF-150 Lariat (to which theKing Ranch version addseven more luxury). Photo ©2007 Ford Motor Co.2008 Ford F-150 pickupWith a maximum tow rating of 11,000 lb (when properlyequipped) and maximum payload capacity of 3050 lb, the FordF-150 pickup boasts it is the most capable full-size pickup inits class. The F-150 Series offers numerous body configurations,including three cab choices, three box lengths, two box stylesand five unique series: the entry-level F-150 XL, F-150 STX,F-150 XLT, F-150 FX4 and luxury F-150 Lariat (to which theKing Ranch version adds even more luxury). All cabs featurefour doors for easy access.The F-150 includes the factory-installed Cargo ManagementSystem, a feature available on any truck with the 6.5-ft Stylesidebox. It provides a simple, easy-to-use solution for secure storageof all types of cargo. The basic system comes with two side rails,a pair of bins, a pair of crossbars and header bar. Extra bins andcrossbars are easily added when extra capability and flexibilityis needed.Strong extruded aluminum double channel rails allowmultiple accessories to be installed. Rails have cleat positionsevery 90 mm, and easily adjustable, cast-aluminum cleats aredesigned to hold over 600 lb. Extruded aluminum crossbarshold up to 100 lb and feature T-Slots on all four sides designedfor non-traditional attachments. Side-mounted, blow-mouldedplastic tool bins can hold up to 60 lb and feature double-wallconstruction. The pushbutton lock on the bins automaticallykeys itself to the first ignition key that is turned in the lock,enabling you to use one key for all bins.A rearview camera system is mounted in the tailgate handlebezel and is activated when the vehicle is shifted into reverse,giving you a clear view behind. The video image is displayed inthe self-dimming rearview mirror—a natural place for you tolook while reversing. A tire pressure monitoring system is alsoincluded (in the Heavy Duty Package).You can choose a mid-box—mounted in front of the standardpickup bow and behind the cab—that provides lockablestorage for tools and other valuable items. The rugged, steelThe flow-through centre console gives you the option of two captain’schairs, with a floor shifter on FX4 and Lariat models. Photo© 2007 Ford Motor Co. and Wieck Media Services Inc.construction features double-panelled doors that are accessiblefrom both sides of the vehicle, and lock/unlock withthe cab door key. Latches feature double-bitted keys andlock tumblers designed to provide exceptional security. Themid-box is available on Regular Cab with 145-in. wheelbaseand SuperCab with 163-in. wheelbase.Inside, three different instrument cluster designs give eachseries a distinctive look. All models feature an upscale, twotoneinstrument panel. The flow-through centre consolegives you the option of two captain’s chairs, with a floorshifter on FX4 and Lariat models. Vehicles equipped with a40/20/40-split-front-bench seat have a different instrumentpanel centre stack optimized for middle-passenger legroom.The F-150 offers three engine choices: a 4.2L V6, 4.6LTriton V8 and 5.4L three-valve Triton V8. The 5.4L delivers300 hp at 5000 rpm and 365 lb-ft of torque at 3750 rpm. Aflex-fuel version can run on E85. Liquid-filled engine mounts(‘hydromounts’) on the V8 engine stifle much of its noise andvibration before it can reach the cab. Both 4x2 and 4x4 modelsuse coil-on-shock, long-spindle, double-wishbone frontsuspension, which reduces unsprung weight to provide betterride and stability on choppy, broken surfaces.The World Leaderin Metal Halide Technology VentureLighting.comInfo no. 31www. mag.com • november/december 2007 • 29Venture_2_EB_Nov07.indd 110/30/07 9:38:31 AM

nfo no. 32AtlanticfocusTeam Nova Scotia honouredduring Skills ceremonyMembers of Team Nova Scotia were recognized for achievementsin a variety of trades and technologies at the SkillsExcellence Awards in Halifax last month. Minister of EducationKaren Casey and Skills Canada-Nova Scotia presented thegroup of apprentices, high school and post-secondary studentswith gifts of recognition for their strong showing at theCanadian Skills Competition held in Saskatchewan last June.“These competitions are a fun way to engage and educateour youth about the opportunities that exist in Nova Scotia,”said Casey. “By promoting skilled trades and technologycareers to our youth, we are working to ensure the stability ofour province’s future workforce.”With a high demand for skilled tradespeople and technologistsacross Canada, Skills Canada-Nova Scotia, theDepartment of Education and other interested groups arereaching out to youth with the message that a career in theskilled trades and technologies sectors comes with respect,opportunity and good wages.There’s Been A Surge In Our Line of GFCIs.WE’VE INCREASED OUR ENTIRE GFCI OFFERING – MANUAL AND AUTOMATICWoodhead now offers a full line of portable, inlineGround Fault Circuit Interrupters, with all-new automaticreset products and an expanded offering of manualreset designs. This broader, deeper line gives you acomplete solution from a single source.Known throughout the industry as “best in their class,”Woodhead GFCIs combine the toughness and features©2006 Woodhead IndustriesWhat do books and energymeters have in common?Besides books, there’s something else Nova Scotians canborrow from their public and community college libraries:energy meters.Back at the end of October, energy meters became available forloan at all public and Nova Scotia community college libraries inthe province. Most household appliances (up to 1800 watts) canbe plugged into the meter to measure their electricity use.The meters are by UPM, which has its corporate head officeand R&D office in Calgary. They are designed to measure energyuse in watts and translate the information into cost paid by theconsumer. The meters can also help measure standby power—theelectricity used when appliances are turned Off.Visit www.conservens.ca/meter for more information on themeter borrowing program.N.L. government pleased withapprenticeship numbersStrategic and innovative investments in the skilled trades systemhave translated into increased numbers of registered apprenticesin Newfoundland & Labrador, more individuals writing interprovincialexams, and more trade qualifiers being approved for certification.According to the same news item issued by the province’s905.624.6518 • woodhead.com/gfcifor the most demanding environments. Choose thenames you trust and the products you depend onfrom our full line of inlines, tri-cords, plugs andboxes — Woodhead ® molded, Watertite ® andSuper-Safeway ® .For performance, reliability and safety, you can’t dobetter than Woodhead.Department of Education, more people are also gettingtheir Red Seal.“It’s a simple case of supply and demand; the demand isthere and it is government’s responsibility to help providethe programming and apprenticeship training,” said JoanBurke, minister of education. “Clearly, many are realizingthat the skilled trades can provide a satisfying career and aretraining for the job opportunities that are on the horizon.”Over the past two years, the Williams government hasallocated $43.6 million in the areas of apprenticeship, scienceand technology, programming, training and infrastructure.These investments have funded new programsat College of the North Atlantic, improved infrastructureand learning resources, and effectively doubled the numberof seats at campuses throughout the province.Comparing projected numbers for 2007 with theprevious year, the number of active apprentices is up by9%, individuals challenging interprovincial exams is upby 6%, there is an increase by 5% in the number of RedSeals awarded, and the number of trade qualifiers beingapproved is up by 60%.“Strengthening the apprenticeship system is one partof our overall goal to increase the number of skilled tradesworkers in Newfoundland and Labrador,” said Burke.“Business and industry recognize they have a role to play aswell, and we will continue to work with our partners to givethese apprentices a chance to stay at home and help theircommunities grow and thrive.”Meantime, a joint communiqué from N&L’s departmentsof Education and Human Resources, Labour andEmployment described how the government is making aconcerted effort at all levels to strengthen skilled tradesprogramming and to respond to labour market needs.The government says it has acted on numerous recommendationsby its Skills Task Force to ensure the provinceis well-positioned to meet the labour market demandsassociated with increased economic activity.Budget 2007 allocated $9.6 million to address immediateneeds in the education and apprenticeship system,many of which support the report of the Skills Task Force,“All the Skills to Succeed”. Some initiatives include:• $660,000 to expand post-secondary programming inskilled trades and technology offerings at College ofthe North Atlantic to meet the increased demand forskilled workers in key sectors of the Newfoundland andLabrador economy;• $567,000 for national apprenticeship standards;• $496,000 to strengthen the participation of women,Aboriginal people and youth in the apprenticeshipsystem, including $200,000 to expand the number offemale apprentices and $200,000 to support increasedparticipation of Aboriginal people in the skilled trades;• $600,000 cost-shared between the Departments ofEducation, and Transportation and Works to increasethe number of new apprentices hired annually withinthe public sector;• $240,000 to deliver the power engineering program,develop new training standards and coordinate exams;• $100,000 to establish an industrial coordinating committeeto identify specific skill sets required by industryin the province; and• $75,000 to establish 25 scholarships of $1000to encourage youth participating in the YouthApprenticeship Program to continue their studies atthe post-secondary level and 25 scholarships of $2000each to establish a Post-Secondary Transition AwardsProgram for recent Adult Basic Education graduatescommencing a full-time post-secondary program.For job seekers, employers and people in career transition,the government is spending about $1 million to expandprovincial career and employment services with the establishmentof six additional Career Information ResourceCentres (for a total of eight in the province).The Department of Human Resources, Labour andEmployment has launched www.LMIworks.nl.ca, a dedicatedwebsite to provide online access to provincial labourmarket information and resources, and is investing a halfmilliondollars this year to hire 10 regional career informationofficers to work in partnership with teachers andstudents in the K-12 school system.For post-secondary students, $1million is beinginvested to double the size of the Graduate EmploymentProgram and help 100 more post-secondary students successfulmake the transition from school to work.Woodhead_EB_Jan07.indd 130 • november/december 2007 • www. mag.com1/8/07 8:46:55 AM

RREMTBUSHINGSTHE BEST CABLE PROTECTION• Fast & easy press-on installation• Holds tight as cables are pulled• Protects cable from abrasion• Can be substituted for costly fittingswhen used just for wirefor 1/2" to 4"EMT • Rigid • PVCNEW SIZESMOUNTING BRACKETSJust for CLASS 2 LOW VOLTAGE WIRING“Wings” flip up and hold securewhen Mounting Screwsare tightenedRecessedScrew Holeseats wall plateflush withwall surfaceThinFront Lipseats betteron drywallPatentedSingle-gangLV1Use Arlington’s non-metallic mounting bracketsto install class 2 wiring – and to seat wallplates flush with the mounting surface.In addition to our single gang LV1 –We now have two, three and four-gangstyles and the Round LV1R!For existing construction, ourlow-voltage mounting brackets...• Adjust to fit 1/4" to 1" thickdrywall, wallboard or paneling• Install faster, andcost less than metalNEWSIZESRoundLV1RArlingtonListed forAir HandlingSpaces800/233-4717 • www.aifittings.com© 2001, Rev 2006 Arlington Industries, Inc.Oval Holeallows forfinal shifting &straighteningof deviceArlington800/233-4717 • www.arlnew.com4-gangLV4Patented. Other patents pending3-gangLV3Try LV2 for lowvoltage Fire Alarminstallations2-gangLV2©REV10/2007 Arlington Industries, Inc.Info no. 33 Info no. 34GARD N POSTMENCLOSURE & SUPPORTfor OUTDOOR FIXTURES and DEVICESArlington’s Gard-N-Post Enclosures and Supportsoffer the attractive, safe, and easy way to install a lightfixture and/or one or two devices outdoors!GRAB ANYBODY.TMin METAL or PLASTICNEWPlastic!Moreconvenientthan ever!Use thesuppliedPOWERseparatorto install powerand low voltageoutlets outside,in the same post.• Non-metallic, heavy-duty UV rated plastic• Heavy duty – resists damage from lawn equipment• No chipping or loss of color• New stabilizer position –post sits higher above ground• GARD-N-POST – in a varietyof styles from 9" to 73" tallGP19BLowvoltageseparatorLOWVOLTAGE#935NM2" Plastic#9301/2" MetalIt Ships as an LB...BUT IT’SANY BODYYOU WANTIT TO BE!#930NM1/2" PlasticArlington’s aluminum or plasticAnyBODY ships as an LB,but converts to a T, LL, LR or Cby switching the covers andthreaded flanges to createthe style you need.It’s easy – and convenient.Plus, it saves you the hassle,space, and cost of stockingfive different conduit bodies.They’re competitively priced withLBs with NO EXTRA COST for thenormally more expensive T –and UL/CSA Listed.Plastic• Sizes 1/2" to 4"• Includes three flangeswith glue-in pipe jointAluminum• Sizes 1/2" to 4"• Includes threaded flangesfor three openings• 1/2" to 2" are combinationEMT/rigid – they’re threadedfor rigid, but also have aset-screw for use with EMTTMIt’s all anybodyneeds to savetime & money!ArlingtonRRPatented.Otherpatentspending.CSA listed withgrounding lugs800/233-4717 • www.aifittings.com© 2005 , 2006 Arlington Industries, Inc.TPatents pending©2006 Arlington Industries, Inc. rev507LLLRCArlingtonScranton, PA 18517800/233-4717 • FAX 570/562-0646www.aifittings.comInfo no. 35Info no. 36

Reduce system design time and costwith series-connected ratingsPRODUCTS FOR LIGBy Lorne Hedges50kA50kAMain Main DeviceDevice10kA10kABranch Branch DeviceDevice50kA 50kAMain Main Device Device50kA 50kABranch Branch Device DeviceThe image at left shows a 10kA branch device (series-connectedsystem), while the image on the right shows a 50kA branch device(fully rated system).With recent trends toward increased system faultcapacity, it is important to know what equipmentcan be safely applied on systems with high availablefault currents. The most common method for documentingthese maximum ratings is listing each product withUnderwriters Laboratories (UL) or Canadian StandardsAssociation (CSA).Short circuit current ratings (SCCRs) are used to selectend-use equipment for specific available fault currentapplications. CSA and UL require that panelboards bemarked with a maximum SCCR. Testing panelboards atthe maximum SCCR evaluates the structure, bus and overcurrentprotective devices (OCPDs) as an entire system.There are three systems of short circuit current protectionavailable:• Fully rated system• Fully rated, selective co-ordination system• Series-connected systemFully rated systemIn a fully rated system, the interrupting rating of allOCPDs must be greater than or equal to the available faultcurrent at the line side terminals of each device.Fully rated, selectively co-ordinated systemThis is a fully rated system with an additional design characteristic:within the range of selectivity, the OCPD closestto the fault opens the circuit while the upstream OCPDremains closed. This limits unnecessary interruption ofservice to unaffected portions of the system. A system coordinationstudy must be performed to ensure selectivity.Series-connected systemA series-connected (or series-rated) system consists of acombination of OCPDs connected in series. The line side(main) device must have an interrupting rating equal to orgreater than the available fault current at the line side terminalsof the device. The load side (branch) circuit breakerhas a lower interrupting rating and must have been testedin combination with the main device.It is important to note that each combination ofOCPDs—circuit breaker/circuit breaker or fuse/circuitbreaker—must pass stringent testing to be approved foruse. This testing includes component-level testing, seriesconnectedtests and, finally, series-connected testing in theend-use equipment. UL and CSA also require regular requalificationtesting for series-connected ratings.Effect of series-connected ratings on co-ordinationCo-ordination is the process of localizing a fault conditionto restrict outages to the equipment affected. As statedabove, only the OCPD closest to the fault opens. Whilesome system designers believe that breaker co-ordinationis lost when using series-connected ratings, studiesconducted by Schneider Electric engineers have shownthat—in both fully rated and series-connected systems—co-ordination is not lost.Advantages of employing series-connected ratingsThere are three primary advantages of using SCCR withseries-connected ratings:• Less design time• Smaller equipment sizes• Reduced equipment costsLess design timeWhen selecting series-connected OCPDs it is unnecessaryto calculate the maximum short circuit current levels downto the line side of the lowest branch device. Once themaximum available fault current level is defined, seriesratedcombinations may be selected from a manufacturer’spublished matrix.Smaller equipment sizeUsing series-connected ratings often permits the use oflower interrupting rating branch circuit breakers, whichmay translate into smaller frame sizes. Smaller breakersmay mean higher breaker density per panel, thereforesmaller or fewer panels.Reduced equipment costSeries-connected systems allow for branch OCPDs to havelower interrupting ratings. Devices with lower interrupterratings cost less and may require smaller or fewer panels;again, adding to the cost savings. Added to the equipmentsavings are reductions in installation costs when installingsmaller or fewer panels.SummarySeries-connected ratings apply to specifically tested combinationsof OCPDs and may include circuit breaker/circuitbreaker or fuse/circuit breaker combinations. SystemOCPD co-ordination is not sacrificed when series-connectedratings are applied. And series-connected ratingsoffer the advantages of less design time, smaller equipmentsize and reduced equipment costs.Lorne Hedges is Schneider Electric’s marketing manager forStandard LVDE. (References include Square D Data Bulletin No.0600DB0108 and No. 2700DB9901 R11/02.)Room controller for lightingSuitable for areas with small lighting control zones,Watt Stopper/Legrand’s LI-ARP moves relays into theareas they control, so you don’t have to mess with complex,layered strategies for lighting control. The packprovides two relay outputs to support bi-level switchingand manual On operation, and is also equipped toaccept inputs from occupancy sensors and daylightingcontrols. By providing terminations for the loads aswell as for the control inputs, the LI-ARP eliminatesmultiple runs of line voltage and control wiring backto a central panel location. Engineers can optimize theelectrical system by feeding multiple relay packs from asingle circuit breaker, fully loading each circuit. LI-ARPcommunicates with the company’s Lighting IntegratorComplete Control System via a single data line.110 Watt Stopper/LegrandLED refrigerated display lighting systemFunctionality improvements to the LEDrefrigerated display lighting system—anecomagination product fromLumination LLC (GE’sLED business)—enablefurther energy savingsfor retailers in new andretrofit applications.Lumination technologistsand engineers haveredesigned the LED systemto incorporate fulldimming control andmotion sensing. Theincumbent lighting thatLEDs are replacing inrefrigerated display cases—fluorescent—cannot be efficiently dimmedor switched On/Off without a significant impacton product life, says GE, adding that, in contrastto cold-loving LED systems, fluorescents simply donot perform optimally in cold temperatures. A retailerincorporating motion sensors in its low-temperaturerefrigeration and freezer cases could program inside-thecaseLED lighting to turn off or revert to any brightnesslevel when there’s no one around.111 Lumination LLC(subsidiary of General Electric Co.)Halogen lineStandard’s Eye halogenline offers high-quality,Japanese-made lampsthat prevent colourshifting and beam distortion,and have a longerlifespan. Eye halogen lampsare made with quality componentsand fully warranted againstpoor workmanship and/or defects.They provide controlled operatingtemperatures, long life, constant crispwhite light and precise beam control.All Eye MR lamps are produced in a fully automatedenvironment, ensuring maximum out-of-the-box performance.The filament inside is automatically adjusted,ensuring maximum lumen output and precisebeam control. Each MR lamp is tested (lit) four timesprior to final packaging. All JDR, JD, JT and JC lampsover 50 volts have built-in safety fuses—should a lampfail, it will simply turn Off.112 Standard Products32 • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • www. mag.com

TING APPLICATIONSProductsElectronic ballast with Step-Dim featureAdvance has expanded its family of Optaniumhigh-efficiency electronic ballasts to include onewith Step-Dim capability for the operation of two28W T5s. Ideal for recessed lighting applications,the ballast’s design maximizes energy savings andoperates from any line-voltage switching device.Compact and lightweight, it is available in twodifferent ballast factor options (.95 and 1.15),and incorporates programmed-start lamp ignition.It also boasts Advance’s IntelliVolt multiplevoltagetechnology, which enables the ballast tooperate at 120V to 277V, 50/60 Hz. The ballastalso incorporates enhanced safety features, suchas Auto Restart and ballast Shutdown Mode.113 Advance (div. of Philips Electronics NA)Round Augmented Cat 6-compliant UTP cableBerk-Tek introduced its LANmark 10G2 UTP cable thatfeatures, claims the company, the world’s smallest roundoutside diameter of .300-in. nominal. It is designed—andguaranteed—to meet the electrical component requirements ofproposed TIA-568-B.2-10 standard for Aug Cat 6 supportingIEEE 10GBase-T out to 100 metres. The design incorporatesfour twisted pairs cabled with three monofilament elementsthat reduces cable diameter. The LANmark-10G2 cable is partof the NetClear GTX 10 Gigabit UTP channel solution fromBerk-Tek and Ortronics/Legrand. Together with OrtronicsClarity10G UTP TracJack modular outlets, patch panels andpatch cords, NetClear GTX is guaranteed to meet or exceed allTIA 568-B.2-10 component and channel requirements.116 Berk-Tek (a Nexans company)Protective eyewearNorth Safety has added the Rebel (T8100) to its eyewearline of safety products. The Rebel’s design promises to delivergreat performancein demanding workconditions. It hasa 9-base curve unilensdesign for awider field of view,and black/grey comoulded,pantoscopic,non-slipadjustable templesfor a more securefit. The nosepiece issoft and adjustablefor increased comfortand a snug fit,while the lenses areprotected by North’s3A coating (antiscratch/-UV/-static).The eyewear is alsocertified to meet CSA Z94.3 eye and face standards.117 North Safety ProductsEnergy-efficient HPS lampsTCP has added high-pressuresodium lamps to itsHID product line that,the company claims, arethree times as efficientand last five times longerthan an incandescentbulb (24,000 hours). HPSlamps are suitable for generallighting applications,and are recommended forindoor and outdoor applications,industrial facilities androadways. Available in 35Wthrough 1000W, the HPS lampsprovide light levels of up to100 lumens/W. Rated for bothindoor and outdoor fixtures, theyproduce a warm, incandescent-like colour withgood brightness, and operate on standard HPSballasts and auxiliary equipment.114 TCP Inc.Flexible at -50 o CBuilt to last under the worlds mostFrigid conditions:• Approved for -50 o C to 90 o Cinstallations.• UL/CSA Cold Impact Test-40 o C• Temperature Range:-50 o C to 90 o C• Voltage:600V - TC1000V - AWM• UL TC-ER exposed run approved• CSA TC FT4 Tray Rated• Advanced oil, chemical, and abrasionresistant jacketBallast control packageIEPC is offering its Vari-Ballast Control (VBC)lighting control system for fluorescent lightingapplications. VBC combines solid-stateelectronics with on-site, remote and aggregateWeb-based controls to provide customers withenergy-efficient lighting control that reduces thenumber of ballasts and amount of re-wiring necessaryto install a typical fluorescent system, saysIEPC, while increasing the brightness and life ofthe lamps. VBC is a stand-alone energy managementsystem in a box that reduces demand onpower in real time. With VBC, lamp and fixturemaintenance is accomplished by using a built-inscheduler, timer, relay and dimmer. In addition,a built-in photocell allows for automatic daylightharvesting.115 IEPC (Int’l Engineering Productsand Consulting Corp.)Full size insulated ground conductor to reduce harmonic noisePerfectly round construction for optimum weather sealing andease of installation877-799-5277www.lappcanada.comInfo no. 37Lapp_EB_Nov07.indd 111/21/07 8:57:06 AMwww. mag.com • november/december 2007 • 33

ProductsDickies FR clothing lineWorkrite has launched its Dickies FRclothing line, which includes variousworkwear made from flame-resistant fabrics.This clothing line marks the firstcollaboration of Workrite Uniform andDickies, which are both part of theWilliamson-Dickie Manufacturing Co.The initial line consists of: five-pocketjeans; carpenter jeans; work shirt; andhooded duck jacket. The inaugural FRline features Indura and Indura UltraSoft fabrics made by Westex.118 Workrite UniformPortable hot stamp wire markerEnergy Management’sHz2.1 portable hot stampwire marker permanentlymarks wires where large,pre-planned batches basedon automated equipmentis impractical—wherever120V power is available.The Hz2.1 uses heat andimprint foil to embossalpha and numeric combinationsonto wires, makinga professional-looking, permanent imprint. The handheldtool weighs about 3 lb and measures 9 x 2 x 11.5 in.,and one foil roll is good for about 20,000 imprints.119 Energy Management Corp.Labour-saving divided racewayEnvironmentally resistant cordGeneral Cable’s newline of Carol SuperVu-Tron supreme rubbercord is availablein types SOOW andSJOOW and, due to itsproprietary, vulcanizedjacket formulation, itis virtually impossibleto tear. The companyalso claims the cordis highly resistant toheat, cold, oil, ozoneand chemicals (SuperVu-Tron Supreme canwithstand temperatureextremes from-50ºC all the way to+105ºC). It offersClass M stranding onall constructions forflexibility and tinned copper conductors for enhanced solderingperformance and corrosion resistance. The jacket isnow printed with RoHS, sequential footage marking andCE Mark on 10 and 12 AWG SOOW.122 General CableIndustrial Ethernet cablesHP server console switches—KVM over Cat 5HP introduced server console switches—KVM over Cat5—with 16- and 8-port models. They integrate KVMand serial devices into a single management console for allservers including blades, network devices and infrastructureproducts—even in heterogeneous environments. Newfirmware and hardware provide support for attaching serialdevices to the switch and for preemption when connected toan IP console switch. Requiring no software to be installedon the target servers, the server console switches can manageup to 256 servers from a single KVM console. They use Cat5 UTP cables to facilitate cable routing between devices andallow for field termination of custom cable lengths to eliminatecoils of cabling in the rear of the rack.125 HPWiremold/Legrand offers a compact, dual-compartmentraceway for jobs not requiring the extra capacity of largerperimeterraceways or vertical drop systems. The Wiremold2400D steel divided raceway is a convenient alternative toinstalling separate raceway runs and device boxes for bothpower and data. The downward-facing device boxes forreceptacles and communications jacks feature an over-theracewaydesign so they can be installed over a continuousrun of raceway base. Plus, the downward-facing receptaclesenable the raceway to be installed directly under chalkboardsand laboratory furnishings. The raceway is FiberReady, withavailable fittings to ensure a gradual bend radius for fiberoptic and 10G cabling.120 Wiremold/LegrandJacketless cable designed for access controlHoneywell Genesis SeriesProfusion jacketless cableis optimized for accesscontrol applications, featuringa bundle of fourindividual shielded cablesheld together by a tight,continuous twist that canbe easily separated forunique data or communicationstasks. Profusiondelivers lock power, card reader, door contact and ‘Requestfor Exit’ in a single bundle. Time savings are achievedbecause the cable jacket does not need to be removed duringthe wiring installation process, plus a single pull takes careof four cables at once. Furthermore, it does not require anadhesive to hold the four cables together; the twist designdoes it all. Each cable is colour-coded and features sequentialfootage markings.121 HoneywellBelden has expanded its line of DataTuff industrial Ethernetcables with three new enhanced four-pair, Cat 5e twistedpaircables, which feature the company’s Bonded-Pair technologyfor good electrical performance. Among the productsis No. 7935A, a low-smoke, zero-halogen, unshieldedenhanced Cat 5e EtherNet/IP-compliant cable featuring 24AWG solid bare copper conductors with rip cord, polyolefininsulation and a .030-in. industrial-grade, sunlight-resistant.The cable is rated NEC/CEC: CM FT1. Another product,No. 7936A, differs from the first in that it is shielded with24 AWG stranded TC drain wire and overall Beldfoil shield.Its rating is NEC/CEC: CMR/CMG FT4. Finally, No.7937A is a waterblocked/burial version of 7936A with PEinner jacket and sunlight/oil-resistant Black PE jacket.123 BeldenRGB cables for commercial/residentialvideo systemsColeman has a new line of Signalhigh-end RGB coax cables to support a range of commercialand residential video system applications. The mini coaxescan be used to transfer HDTV or traditional video, digital/analogue audio and cable TV between electronic components.A three-coax version of the CCI line transfers theRGB signal from video sources to the displays. A five-coaxversion can be used with projectors that require horizontaland vertical synchronization, in addition to the RGB signal,or for a combination of digital and analogue audio. CCI’snew line of bundled precision video coax now includes Cat5e cables that provide solutions for additional applications,such as Internet telephone, networking, IR control, audio/video over baluns and automation.124 Coleman Cable Inc.MX Series media convertersAFI’s V’nes MX Series media converters allow the connectionof Ethernet or UTP to fiber optics, allowing one totake advantage of the speed, virtually unlimited bandwidthcapacity and overall cost efficiencies of fiber optics for VDVtransmission. The converters connect 10/100 Fast Ethernetor 1000Mbps GigE twisted-pair to FO systems with widebandwidth over short or long distances. The series incorporatesoptional single-fiber WDM technology, combiningdual-fiber cable into a single cable for greater cost savings.When combined with Commander Series switch products,the MX Series provides cost-effective solutions for convertingany number of ports from twisted-pair to fiber.126 American Fibertek Inc.Reading someoneelse's copy ofElectrical Business?VisitEBmag.comand click SUBSCRIBE!Chances are you qualify for aFREE SUBSCRIPTION.See yourself online atEBmag.comThe Electrical Business photo gallery is up and running atEBmag.com (click on Photo Gallery). Check out some ofthe events we’ve attended and the people we met.34 • november/december 2007 • www. mag.com

How a tiny hole in the wall almost putone company out of business.Behind that hole lies a critical path toground. In fact, dirty power from poorgrounding threatens your company’svery existence. Take the example ofa business headquartered in a 70’s-era building.With over 4,000 data errors per month, PCboards failing repeatedly and computer monitorsgoing down every six months, dirty power almostspelled disaster.The main culprit was the building’s groundingsystem. It simply didn’t meet the demands of today’ssophisticated electronics.To solve the problem, a network of copper-cladground rods, driven deeply into the earth, was tied withoversized copper cabling to a new main grounding plate.For reliable paths to ground, dedicated wiring was usedinstead of relying on the metal conduit. And separate,upsized neutrals were installed for each phase. Sinceinstallation, data errors and equipment problems havevirtually disappeared.Protect your business from the “ground” up.Call 1-877-640-0946 for case studies and ourinformation-packed CD-ROM. And visit usat www.coppercanada.ca.Info no. 38

PRODUCT SHOWCASEFor more information, enter the appropriate number on the Complimentary Subscription/Info Card found in this issueThe Intellivue, from Holophane,is a high performance fi xtureframed by sleek minimaliststyling. Ask us how our 3 lampfi xture can now provide thesame, or more, light as typical 4lamp units in a ceiling ambientof 40 degrees or higher. With110 years of innovation behindus we invite you to ExperienceLighting’s Best!394041Holophane Canada905-707-5830www.holophane.comGE_Lit1_EB_Nov07.indd 110/31/07 4:18:02 GE_Lit2_EB_Nov07.indd PM110/31/07 4:19:05 PMHolophane_Lit1_EBOct07.indd 110/17/07 10:09:21 AM42Introducing Holophane’s newVantage Mini. A low profi le luminairethat is the optimal solutionwhere maintenance, sanitation,safety, and energy conservationare key concerns. The VantageMini is UL/CUL for wet location,IP66 rated and NSF Internationalcertifi ed for C-2 splash zones.Make Holophane your standardand Experience Lighting’s Best.Holophane Canada905-707-5830www.holophane.comXX43Caterpillar Inc. Offers NewElectric Power SpecSizerCaterpillar Inc. introduces the newElectric Power SpecSizer tool forgenerator set sizing and specifying.Considering factors such assite conditions, load characteristicsand required performance,SpecSizer provides accurate andtimely technical data, robust loadmodels and optimized algorithmsto assist in the selection of a competitivelysized generator set thatbest suits a customer’s needs.For additional information, visithttp://go.cateps.com/a087 orcontact your local Cat ® dealer.XX44Going “green” withoutsacrificing performancePhilips is setting a new standardwith their 4’ T8 fluorescent lampsusing ALTO II TM technology.These new lamps have 50% lessmercury than the original ALTO,and still offer the same superiorperformance levels as before.That means you don’t have tosacrifice lamp life, light quality,or energy, to help your companybe more sustainable.For more information contactGregg Bennett at 905-201-4100or visit philips.com.Holophane_Lit2_EBOct07.indd 1CAT_lit_EB_Sept07.indd 110/17/07 10:09:51 AM9/18/07 8:48:25 AMLIBRARYFor more information, enter the appropriate number on the Complimentary Subscription/Info Card found in this issue45Wire and cable pullinglubricant brochureIdeal has published a guide to its fullline of commercial- and utility-gradelubricants. Highlighted in the guideis Velocity, an ultra-low-friction cablepulling lubricant, as well as Aqua-Gel, ClearGlide and Yellow 77. Theguide’s “Select-A-Lube” enables youto instantly select the right lubricantfor the application based on job type,construction, indoor/outdoor location,temperature and length of pull.For more information, visitwww.idealindustries.com or call(800) 435-0705.46UPS selection guide“Common Mistakes in Selecting UPSand How to Avoid Them” identifi es17 misconceptions and mistakes thatcan occur when selecting uninterruptiblepower supplies (UPSs), andadvises readers on avoiding them. Itis suitable for any industry where thecontinuous functioning of electricalequipment and computers is vital,such as data centres and manufacturinglines.You can download a copy fromStaco Energy Products Co. atwww.staco-news.com, or e-mailinfo@stacoenergy.com.47Electrical products forpetrochemical industryA 48-page colour catalogue fromAppleton entitled “Global Protection”targets the petrochemical industry,highlighting the global protectionoffered by the company’s line ofexplosion-proof lighting, controls,plugs and receptacles, cable glands,heat tracing systems, and powerquality products. The catalogue alsoprovides an educational overviewof IEC versus NEC/CEC hazardouslocations.For a free copy, call (800) 621-1506or visit www.appletonelec.com.Enclosure catalogueFibox’s 176-page, 4.0 enclosurecatalogue features eight RoHS-compliant,corrosion-resistant enclosurefamilies, which are available in polycarbonate(plus selected availabilityin ABS, aluminum and glass fi ber).Offered in hard copy and online, thecatalogue helps you select enclosuremodels for industrial, instrumentation,process control, outdoor and hostileenvironment applications. All familiesfeature cUL approvals.Datacom catalogueHoffman’s DataCom Catalogue (Vol.5) features a selection of open-frameracks, cable management systems,wall-mount cabinets and racks,free-standing cabinets, thermalmanagement solutions and modularenclosure systems. A chapter onoutside plant enclosures thermalmanagement solutions for protectingcomponents from detrimental infl u-ences that can lead to excessive heatand humidity inside the enclosure.Asymmetricindirect lighting brochureLam Lighting (a Genlyte Groupcompany) has a new brochuredescribing its Horizons asymmetricindirect product line. The full-colour,20-page document showcases therange of products and applications ofperformance indirect lighting technology.Photos of the dozens of modelsof Lam indirect asymmetric lightingare included with specifi cation dataand photometric diagrams.To request the free catalogue,e-mail sales@fiboxusa.com or callTo obtain your free copy, visitwww.hoffmanonline.com or call48 (888) 342-6987.49(800) 355-3560.50Copies of the brochure are availableby calling (714) 549-9765 orvisiting www.lamlighting.com.36 • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • www. mag.com

For more information, enter the appropriate number on the Complimentary Subscription/Info Card found in this issueInfo no. 51Raylew_EB_Mar2006 2/22/06 9:14 AM Page 1SomethingNew HR AD 3x4.qxd 3/17/06 3:45 PM Page 1Let’s cast a new light onour buildings, homes andworkplaces. Let’s opendoors and open mindsthrough intelligent buildingsand systems. Let’s findnew ways to control,secure and enhance ourdaily life. Let’s preparefor the coming years,and together pushback the limits.Schneider Electric isthe world leader inautomation andelectricity management.Focused on innovation,we constantly outperformour markets. We employ85 000 people in 130 countries.For career opportunities visitwww.schneider-electric.caLet’s dosomethingnewInfo no. 52marketplaceAdvertiser INDEXAdvertiser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PageABB Inc. .................................... 12Accubid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Aeroflo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Arlington Industries ........................... 31Band-N-Go Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19BOMA (Building Owners & Mgrs Assoc. Int’l) ........ 14Broan-NuTone Canada Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Canadian Copper & Brass Development Assoc. ...... 35Chess Controls ............................... 16CSA (Cdn. Standards Assoc.) ................23 & 38Daimler Chrysler Canada Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Falvo Electrical Supply Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37FLIR Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Fluke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17General Electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 & 40Hammond Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15HD Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Hubbell Canada .............................. 23I.E.D. Limited Partnership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7IPEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Lapp Canada ................................ 33Megger Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Nexans Canada Inc. ............................ 1Osram Sylvania Ltd. ........................... 25Philips Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Power Survey Int’l Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Raylew Power Systems Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Schneider Electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Standard Products ............................. 2Techspan Industries ........................... 39Thomas & Betts Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 5, 11 & 21Venture Lighting ..........................27 & 29VJ Pamensky Canada Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Woodhead Industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Info no. 53RAYLEWPOWER SYSTEMS INC.Always buying and selling used Generator setsand power equipmentContact: Neil O. LewisPh: 1-800-385-4421Edmonton, AlbertaEmail: neil@raylewpower.comwww.raylewpower.comWANTEDMolded Case Circuit Breakers. New & Used, All Brands.Motor Control & MCC. Buckets in A&B, S.D. & W.H. & C.H.Please call, email or fax Ralph Falvo with your list.Info no. 54FALVO ELECTRICAL SUPPLY LTD.5838-87A St., Edmonton, Alberta1-800-661-8892780-466-8078 Fax 780-468-1181email: rjf@falvo.comFalvo_EB.indd 11/11/07 12:14:25 PMNFLD: (709) 753-6685NS & PEI: (902) 450-5155NB: (506) 862-1515Quebec: (514) 333-8392Ontario: (416) 289-2705Manitoba: (204) 694-0000Saskatoon, SK: (306) 244-7272Regina, SK: (306) 771-2500Alberta: (800) 263-2684BC: (604) 261-2210(604) 862-5510USA: (514) 333-8392Info no. 55PowerSurvey_EB_May07.indd 15/10/07 3:18:53 PMwww. mag.com • november/december 2007 • 37

CODE FILEBY KRIS PASZKOWIAK, P.ENG.Conductors over or near buildingsZero clearance lot line is a situation in which a buildingis set to the lot boundary, leaving very little spacebetween it and existing high-voltage conductors.Developers try to maximize the use of a lot, sometimesoverlooking the inherent electrical safety concerns arisingfrom inadequate clearances. Similarly, installing high-voltageconductors over or near buildings without the requiredhorizontal and vertical clearances can lead to electricalcontact fatalities.That said, figuring out what constitutes safe clearancedepends on applicable codes in your jurisdiction.For instance, the Ontario Building Code, Subsection3.1.18.1., states:Where a building is to be constructed in proximity toexisting above-ground electrical conductors of a voltagenot less than 2.5kV and not more than 46 kV,a) the building shall not be locatedbeneath the conductors, andb) the horizontal distance between the buildingand the conductors shall not be less than 3 m.It goes on to explain that where a building is to be constructedin proximity to existing above-ground electricalconductors of a voltage exceeding 46 kV, the clearancebetween it and the conductors shall conform to the requirementsof CAN/CSA-C22.3 No. 1, Overhead Systems.The Canadian Electrical Code (CEC) Rule 12-312,Conductors over Buildings, states that conductors shallnot be installed over buildings unless a deviation has beenallowed under Rule 2-030. However, CEC Section 36,High-Voltage Installations, amends the general requirementsof Section 12.CEC Rule 36-110, Guarding of Live Parts and ExposedConductors (and Table 33) specifies the required horizontalclearances—including protuberances—to be 3 m formaximum system voltage not exceeding 46 kV and 3.7 mfor 69 kV.For vertical ground clearances, you must refer to Table34. For voltages exceeding 69 kV, CEC also requires clearancesto be in accordance with CAN/CSA-C22.3 No. 1.There’s an additional requirement in CEC Rule 310 (3)pertaining to high-voltage power lines spanning over 50m: the vertical ground clearances specified in Table 34must be increased by 1% of the amount by which the spanexceeds 50 m.A key point of interest is the note in CEC Appendix B,which states that the spacing and clearances shown in Tables33 and 34 differ intentionally from those found in CAN/CSA-C22.3 No. 1. The note explains that the stated clearancesfor wires and conductors are minimum values related tomaximum specified loads and service conditions, representingdesign limits rather than clearances for construction or dailyoperation. “Clearances provided at the time of construction,”it goes on to say, “under ambient conditions then prevailing,must by design be sufficiently greater than the statedminimum clearances to ensure that actual clearances that willresult under the maximum specified loads, and service conditionswill not be less the stated minimum clearances.”Essentially, CEC rules apply at the time of installation whileCAN/CSA-C22.3 No. 1 applies at the time of system design.The code, as well as CAN/CSA-C22.3 No. 1, prefer not topermit high-voltage power conductors over buildings whenthere’s a suitable alternative. When there is none, then additionalmeasures must be taken to ensure the safety of thosewho will be working on or near the building. (In Ontario,this option only applies to installations over 46 kV.)Common solutions to clearance problems include relocatingthe line, increasing clearances or going underground.Correcting these issues once a building is completed (ornear completion) can be both difficult and expensive,which is why effective communication with your municipalbuilding department prior to construction is the key toavoiding these additional costs. The alternative of ignoringthe situation is unacceptable, as it can lead to injury ordeath from electrocution.Kris Paszkowiak, P.Eng., has taken his many years of experience—mostof those with Ontario Hydro and the Electrical SafetyAuthority—and launched CodeSafety Associates, a new consultingfirm serving the needs of the electrical industry. He holds aMaster Electrician licence and has served numerous organizationsover the years, including the Canadian Advisory Councilon Electrical Safety, Committee on CEC Part I and UL ElectricalCouncil. Contact CodeSafety Associates at (905) 599-2702 orkris.paszkowiak@gmail.com.Questions and answerscompiled by ESATackle theCode Conundrum...if you dareSo, you think you know the electrical code, eh? Well, we’ll soonfind out if you’re an electrical code junkie or downright codeclueless.Take a look at the following questions and check youranswers in January's Electrical Business.How did you do?3 of 3 – Not only are you smart, you love to show off.1 of 3 – Your understanding of these questions is not up to code.2 of 3 – You’re pretty smart, but you still missed one.0 of 3 – Did you come up with your answers by playing Eenie,Meenie, Minie, Moe?Question 1Non-current-carrying parts of tube stands, tablesand other apparatus in an installation of diagnosticimaging installations shall not be bonded to ground.a) True b) FalseQuestion 2All metal raceways and all non-current-carryingmetal portions of fixed or portable equipment used infinishing processes—regardless of voltage—shallbe bonded to ground in accordance with Section 10.a) True b) FalseQuestion 335 (1-1/4) rigid PVC conduit shall be securelyattached to hangers or to a solid surface with themaximum spacing of the points of supports notgreater than:a) 750 mm c) 1.5 mb) 1.2 m d) 1.8 mAnswersto Code ConundrumElectrical Business October 2007▼▼▼Q-1: Electric vehicle charging equipment rated at ___ or more shallbe supplied by a separate branch circuit that supplies no other loadsexcept ventilation equipment intended for use with the electric vehiclesupply equipment.b) 20 amp. Rule 86-300.Q-2: Wiring of an essential electrical system in a patient care area shallbe permitted to occupy the same raceway as non-essential wiring.b) False. Rule 24-302(3) which states: (3) The wiring of the essentialelectrical system shall be kept entirely independent of all other wiring andequipment and shall not enter a fixture, raceway, box or cabinet occupiedby other wiring except where necessary... (a) in transfer switches; and (b)in emergency lighting fixtures supplied from two sources.Q-3: All receptacles that are part of an essential electrical system in apatient care area shall be what colour?Red. Rule 24-106(7), Receptacles in basic care areas, which states: (6)All receptacles that are part of an essential electrical system shall becoloured red, and no other receptacles shall be so coloured.CSA_banner_EB_Nov07.indd 1To find out more, register to receive CSA’s “Keep Me Informed” e-newsletterINFO NO. 5611/23/07 12:06:47 PM38 • NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2007 • www. mag.com

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