Ecology and Development Series No. 10, 2003 - ZEF

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Floristic analysis of the undisturbed forestAdditionally, the mean difference in environmental variables among thecommunity types was tested using one-way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range tests.The relationships between the environmental variables themselves and their relationshipwith the most characteristic species of each group or community type were also tested usingPearson’s correlation coefficient. The environmental variables used in these analyses arealtitude, slope, silt, clay, soil moisture content, soil pH, CEC, C-N ratio and distance fromGeba river. Methods for collecting the environmental data are described in chapter 3.2.1.4.3 Results4.3.1 Floristic compositionA total of 220 species of flowering plants, a conifer and ferns representing 73 families wererecorded from the study area (For the list of all plant species from the area and thevouchers, see Appendices 1 and 10 respectively). Out of these, there were 71 tree, 28 shrub,27 climber and 94 herbaceous plant species. The only conifer recorded in the area isPodocarpus falcatus; it was, however, not recorded in the sample plots. Likewise, manyspecies are rare in their occurrence and hence, only 160 species, representing 50 families,were recorded in the study plots. Of these, 102 species were woody plants (trees, shrubsand climbers). Quantitative data were collected for trees, shrubs and climbers species andanalyzed (Table 4.1,). The results and subsequent discussions in this study are restricted tothese 102 woody species, unless otherwise mentioned.Among the woody plants, trees are the dominant growth form, represented by 59species (57.8%), followed by shrubs (24 species, 23.5%) and climbers (19 species, 18.6%)(Table 4.1). All species recorded in the study plots are native. Most tree species have awidespread distribution (Table 4.1, Appendices 1 and 2). There are also many tree specieswith a restricted distribution range as either endemic or near-endemic (with somepopulations occurring in other floristic regions) to the Afromontane forest region (Table 4.1and Appendix 1).The summary of abundances, frequencies and basal areas of all plant species usedin quantitative analysis, including distribution types of tree species is presented in Table4.1. A few species of trees, shrubs and climbers dominate the forest vegetation. About 50%41
Floristic analysis of the undisturbed forestof the total abundance is contributed by only three species (Rank order 1-3, Table 4.1), andnearly 99% of the total abundance is accounted for by half of the total number of species(Rank 1-51, Table 4.1). The five most abundant and common trees in the canopy layer areDiospyros abyssinica, Albizia grandibracteata, Blighia unijugata, Trichilia dregeana andCeltis africana, while most dominant trees in the lower stratum are Dracaena fragrans,Coffea arabica, Argomuellera macrophylla, Canthium giordanii and Clausena anisata.Among the climbers, the most dominant ones are Landolphia buchananii, Paulliniapinnata, Hippocratea africana, Tiliachora troupinii and Combretum paniculatum, while thedominant shrubs include Maytenus gracilipes, Justicia schimperiana, Rhus ruspoli, Justiciabetonica and Phyllanthus ovalifolius.A relatively small number of species were widespread in the forest, with only 23occurring in more than 50% of the plots. At the other extreme, 17 species were recordedonly once (frequency 1.7%), while 38 species occurred in fewer than five plots. Localabundance (the average number of individuals of a species in the plots where it occurred)varied widely. Dracaena fragrans, Coffea arabica, Argomuellera macrophylla, Landolphiabuchananii and Justicia betonica had the highest local abundance, in descending order(Table 4.1). On the other hand, many species are rare even in the plots where they occur.Twenty-one of the 102 species found in the sample plots have average local abundancevalues of less than 5 individuals, while 64 plant species had the mean abundance of lessthan 5 individuals per plot. Seven species, namely: Schefflera abyssinica, Apodytesdimidiata, Ficus mucuso, Aningeria altissima, Celtis zenkeri, Stereospermum kanthianumand an unidentified tree specie (Genus7 sp.) had only one individual in just one sampleplot.42
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Page 4 and 5: Wäldern weist im Wesentlichen zwei
Page 6 and 7: 4.4 Discussion ....................
Page 8 and 9: General introduction1 GENERAL INTRO
Page 10 and 11: General introductionoutbreaks and e
Page 12 and 13: General introductionunfavorable cha
Page 14 and 15: General introductionand their patte
Page 16 and 17: Current state of knowledge2 STATE O
Page 18 and 19: Current state of knowledgeThe studi
Page 20 and 21: Current state of knowledgemore prom
Page 22 and 23: Current state of knowledge2.2 Taxon
Page 24 and 25: Current state of knowledgekapakata,
Page 26 and 27: Current state of knowledgecultivars
Page 28 and 29: Current state of knowledgehomegarde
Page 30 and 31: Current state of knowledgeseeded pl
Page 32 and 33: Current state of knowledgeHailu, un
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Page 36 and 37: Description of the study area and s
Page 42 and 43: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
Page 74 and 75: Impacts of human use on the forest
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Impacts of human use on the forest
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Conservation of the wild Coffea ara
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Conclusions and recommendations7 CO
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Conclusions and recommendations3. R
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ReferencesBatisse M. 1986 Developin
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ReferencesDavis A.P. and Rokotonaso
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ReferencesESRI. 1996. ArcView GIS:
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ReferencesIUCN 1992. Protected Area
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ReferencesMesfin Ameha and Bayetta
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ReferencesSmith R.F. 1985. A histor
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ReferencesVan Jaarsveld A.S., Freit
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Appendices9 APPENDICESAppendix 1 Li
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AppendicesD. repandum (Vahl) DC, [H
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AppendicesSapotaceaeAningeria altis
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AppendicesAppendix 3 Families of va
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AppendicesAppendix 5. ANOVA tables:
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AppendicesAppendix 7 Height class d
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AppendicesGFUNDFOR OLSFOR SF-NEW SF
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AppendicesAppendix 10. List of loca
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AppendicesNumber Family name Scient
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AppendicesNumber Family name Scient
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI am very grateful
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Ecology and Development Series No. 10, 2003 - ZEF

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