Ecology and Development Series No. 10, 2003 - ZEF
Ecology and Development Series No. 10, 2003 - ZEF Ecology and Development Series No. 10, 2003 - ZEF
Current state of knowledgemore prominent in the same direction. The Afromontane rain forest of SW Ethiopia occursin Wellega, Illubabor, and western Kafa. It is found between 1500 and 2500 m, withaverage annual temperatures of 18-20 0 C, and an annual rainfall between 1500 mm and2000 mm, sometimes even more than 2000 mm, with rain all the year round, but amaximum in April-October. The highest mean rainfall recorded in the region is about 2600at Tepi (Asfaw Fanta 1981). Such forests were studied by Logan (1946), Chaffey (1979),Friis et al. (1982), and Friis (1992).Aningeria adolfi-friederici is the most emergent species in the 20-30-m-highcanopy layer. The main canopy trees of 10-30 m height include: Albizia gummifera, A.schimperiana, A. grandibracteata, Blighia unijugata, Cassipourea malosana, Celtisafricana, Croton macrostachyus, Ekebergia capensis, Euphorbia ampliphylla, Ficus sur, F.ovata, F. thonningii, Hallea rubrostipulata, Ilex mitis, Macaranga capensis, Ocoteakenyensis, Olea capensis ssp. welwitschii, Polyscias fulva, Schefflera abyssinica, Prunusafricana, Sapium ellipticum, and Syzygium guineense ssp. afromontanum. A discontinuouslower canopy of small trees (less than 10 m high) includes Allophylus abyssinicus,Apodytes dimidiata, Bersama abyssinica, Brucea antidysentrica, Calpurnia aurea,Canthium oligocarpum, Chionanthus mildbraedii, Clausena anisata, Coffea arabica,Cyathea manniana, Deinbollia kilimandscharica, Dracaena afromontana, D. fragrans, D.steudneri, Ehretia cymosa, Ensete ventricosa, Erythrina brucei, Galiniera saxifraga,Lepidotrichilia volkensii, Lobelia giberroa, Millettia ferruginea, Nuxia congesta, Oncobaroutledgei, Oxyanthus speciosus ssp. stenocarpus, Phoenix reclinata, Pittosporumviridiflorum ‘ripicola’, Psychotria orophila, Ritchiea albertsii, Rothmannia urcelliformis,Solanecio gigas, Solanecio mannii, Teclea nobilis, Trema orientalis, Turraea holstii, andVepris dainellii. Lianas are common, and about 25 species have been recorded. Epiphytesare also numerous, and include ferns, lycopods, orchids, Peperomia spp. and Scadoxusnutans. The ground cover is very rich in herbs in areas where light is sufficient. More than110 species have been recorded from such a forest (Friis 1992).13
Current state of knowledge2.1.4 Riverine forestThe riverine and riparian forest vegetation of the study area is very variable, the floristiccomposition being dependent on altitude and geographical location. Riverine forest in theEthiopian Highlands can in general, include the following species: Breonadia salicifolia,Ficus capreaefolia, Ficus vallis-choudae, Phoenix reclinata, Salix mucronata, Tamarindusindica, and Trichilia emetica (Friis 1992).Carr (1998) studied the Lower Omo River and found that forests are predominantin the meandering segment of the river. Ficus sycomorus, Tapura fischeri, Melanodiscusoblongus, Celtis toka and Trichilia emetica were most significant in upstream forest sites,whereas Cordia sinensis, Acacia mellifera, Ziziphus mauritiana and Ficus sycomorus weremore common in communities nearer to Lake Turkana, where the river terminates.The riverine forest along Baro River above Gambella (Baro Lowlands) includesthe following species: Baphia abyssinica, Celtis toka, Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius,Lepisanthes senegalensis, Malacantha alnifolia, Mallotus sp., Tapura fischeri, Trichiliaretusta, and Ziziphus pubescens. The shrubs include: Grewia trichocarpa. The climbersinclude: Acridocarpus ugandensis, Cissus petiolata, and Tiliacora funifera (Friis 1992).The riverine forest along the Didessa River at about 1300 m consists of Ficuslutea, Ficus vallis-choudae, Cordia africana, Mimusops kummel, Trichilia emetica andPhoenix reclinata in the canopy layer, which is 10-15 m high. The lower strata include:Trichocladus ellipticus, Garcinia huillensis, Sapium ellipticum, Suregada procera,Dracaena, etc. Climbers are: Artabotrys monteiroae, Landolphia buchananii, Sabacomorensis, Paullinia pinnata, and Pisonia (Friis 1992).As indicated above, coffee (Coffea arabica) is one of the common trees in thelower stratum of small trees and shrubs below 10 m both in the Afromontane and thetransitional rain forests. In the current study, C. arabica was recorded in the riverine forestsalong the Geba river in Yayu. However, the abundance of coffee is lower in riverine forestscompared to upland forests. Details of the distribution pattern of coffee and the overallforest vegetation of Yayu can be found in Chapter 4 of this study.14
- Page 1: Ecology and Development Series No.
- Page 4 and 5: Wäldern weist im Wesentlichen zwei
- Page 6 and 7: 4.4 Discussion ....................
- Page 8 and 9: General introduction1 GENERAL INTRO
- Page 10 and 11: General introductionoutbreaks and e
- Page 12 and 13: General introductionunfavorable cha
- Page 14 and 15: General introductionand their patte
- Page 16 and 17: Current state of knowledge2 STATE O
- Page 18 and 19: Current state of knowledgeThe studi
- Page 22 and 23: Current state of knowledge2.2 Taxon
- Page 24 and 25: Current state of knowledgekapakata,
- Page 26 and 27: Current state of knowledgecultivars
- Page 28 and 29: Current state of knowledgehomegarde
- Page 30 and 31: Current state of knowledgeseeded pl
- Page 32 and 33: Current state of knowledgeHailu, un
- Page 34 and 35: Current state of knowledgeraces are
- Page 36 and 37: Description of the study area and s
- Page 38 and 39: Description of the study area and s
- Page 40 and 41: Description of the study area and s
- Page 42 and 43: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
- Page 44 and 45: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
- Page 46 and 47: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
- Page 48 and 49: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
- Page 50 and 51: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
- Page 52 and 53: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
- Page 54 and 55: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
- Page 56 and 57: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
- Page 58 and 59: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
- Page 60 and 61: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
- Page 62 and 63: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
- Page 64 and 65: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
- Page 66 and 67: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
- Page 68 and 69: Floristic analysis of the undisturb
Current state of knowledge2.1.4 Riverine forestThe riverine <strong>and</strong> riparian forest vegetation of the study area is very variable, the floristiccomposition being dependent on altitude <strong>and</strong> geographical location. Riverine forest in theEthiopian Highl<strong>and</strong>s can in general, include the following species: Breonadia salicifolia,Ficus capreaefolia, Ficus vallis-choudae, Phoenix reclinata, Salix mucronata, Tamarindusindica, <strong>and</strong> Trichilia emetica (Friis 1992).Carr (1998) studied the Lower Omo River <strong>and</strong> found that forests are predominantin the me<strong>and</strong>ering segment of the river. Ficus sycomorus, Tapura fischeri, Melanodiscusoblongus, Celtis toka <strong>and</strong> Trichilia emetica were most significant in upstream forest sites,whereas Cordia sinensis, Acacia mellifera, Ziziphus mauritiana <strong>and</strong> Ficus sycomorus weremore common in communities nearer to Lake Turkana, where the river terminates.The riverine forest along Baro River above Gambella (Baro Lowl<strong>and</strong>s) includesthe following species: Baphia abyssinica, Celtis toka, Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius,Lepisanthes senegalensis, Malacantha alnifolia, Mallotus sp., Tapura fischeri, Trichiliaretusta, <strong>and</strong> Ziziphus pubescens. The shrubs include: Grewia trichocarpa. The climbersinclude: Acridocarpus ug<strong>and</strong>ensis, Cissus petiolata, <strong>and</strong> Tiliacora funifera (Friis 1992).The riverine forest along the Didessa River at about 1300 m consists of Ficuslutea, Ficus vallis-choudae, Cordia africana, Mimusops kummel, Trichilia emetica <strong>and</strong>Phoenix reclinata in the canopy layer, which is <strong>10</strong>-15 m high. The lower strata include:Trichocladus ellipticus, Garcinia huillensis, Sapium ellipticum, Suregada procera,Dracaena, etc. Climbers are: Artabotrys monteiroae, L<strong>and</strong>olphia buchananii, Sabacomorensis, Paullinia pinnata, <strong>and</strong> Pisonia (Friis 1992).As indicated above, coffee (Coffea arabica) is one of the common trees in thelower stratum of small trees <strong>and</strong> shrubs below <strong>10</strong> m both in the Afromontane <strong>and</strong> thetransitional rain forests. In the current study, C. arabica was recorded in the riverine forestsalong the Geba river in Yayu. However, the abundance of coffee is lower in riverine forestscompared to upl<strong>and</strong> forests. Details of the distribution pattern of coffee <strong>and</strong> the overallforest vegetation of Yayu can be found in Chapter 4 of this study.14
Change language