Nepal Elephant TB Control and Mgt Action Plan.pdf - Elephant Care ...

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Nepal Elephant Tuberculosis Control andManagement Action Plan (2011-2015)impact of TB on human as well as animalhealth, importance of prevenng TBtransmission to the wild and effecvemeasures to manage TB will be developed,presented orally, and printed in the locallanguage to educate persons directly orindirectly associated with the capveelephants.4. Postmortem wildlife surveillanceThorough postmortem examinaons of allungulates that are found dead in the park,buffer zone community forests and nearbyareas will be conducted by experiencedveterinarians. For this, ssues will becollected and deposited in 10% bufferedformalin even if carcasses are decomposedand will be submi!ed for histopathology orssue bank. Any lesions suspicious for TBshould be placed in a secure container (noformalin), and submi!ed fresh (preferable)or frozen for TB culture. Efforts, whereverpossible, will be made to collect postmortemblood, separate and bank serum in the TBPlan lab freezer.Full postmortem reports (or copies) will befiled in the TB Plan Office, respecve Parkheadquarters and DNPWC. A MOU will besigned among DNPWC, NTNC, IAAS, CVL,ECI, WWF, and Tu$s to effecvely facilitateimplementaon of a comprehensive TBmanagement program and minimize the riskof transmission from capve elephants tofree ranging elephants and other ungulates.5. Opportunis!c TB tes!ng in wild elephantsBlood samples from any elephant that isimmobilized will be collected and ElephantTB Stat-Pak® test (and DPP if indicated) willbe performed. Serum will also be banked forfuture use.6. Opportunis!c TB tes!ng in other speciesOpportunisc TB test will also be performedamong other wild ungulates or carnivoresthat are captured and trapped for otherpurposes. While the Elephant TB Stat-Pak®test is licensed for elephants, it has beenused successfully in a number of otherspecies, including rhinos and wild felidsIssue III: Risk of transmission of TB fromhuman to elephant and from elephantto humanStrategy: Minimize the risk of transmission fromelephant to human and human to elephantthrough an integrated TB management program.Program Ac!vi!es1. Develop an ac!on plan from the One Healthworking group and implement, to dealwith the root cause of TB infec!on in theenvironment, animals and people.Research will be necessary and surveillanceacross the environment to establish themain causes and drivers of TB and theseneeds to be followed up by a controland management plan involving all keyauthories in public and animal health.2. Enforcing elephant tes!ng, segrega!on andtreatment planAs described in Program Acvies underIssue I and Issue II.3. Human TB screeningAll elephant handlers (Phanits, Pachhuwasand Mahouts), and other staff workingin close proximity to elephants will be TBtested prior to employment and retested21
Nepal Elephant Tuberculosis ulosisControl andManagement agemenAction Plan (2011-2015)2015)on an annual basis. TB tesng by sputumis available free of charge at numeroushealth clinics in Nepal. Posive sputumtests will be followed by other diagnosctests and/or DOTS treatment as determinedby human health care professionals at thetesng facility. If infected individuals areidenfied, their families will also be tested.Further invesgaon will be managed byappropriate public health agencies. Elephanthandlers undergoing DOTS treatment willnot have contact with elephants unl theyhave completed four weeks of treatment.Proof of current elephant handler tesngmust be presented for a facility to receive aCerficate of Parcipaon (Appendix V).4. Educaon programDevelop a TB educaon program. Apreventave health program will minimizeTB risk for elephant handlers, theirfamilies, and tourists. This program willinclude appropriate bio-safety praccesand informaon about TB. Handlers ofsegregated and/or infected elephants willbe given addional training. If deemednecessary, protecve measures (such asspecial clothing and masks) may be providedby the TB Plan Office.Issue IV: Possibility of impact of TB onwildlife tourism in NepalStrategy: Instute and enforce the NepalElephant Tuberculosis Control and ManagementAcon Plan; educate tourists, tour agencies, andthe media.Program Ac!vi!es1. Cerficaon programIn conjuncon with bi-annual elephant TBtesng, DNPWC will issue a cerficate of TBPlan compliance that parcipang faciliescan display to tourists. Addional cerficateswill be issued for individual elephants thathave completed treatment. Templates ofplan cerficate are given in Appendix II.2. Educate tourists and tour agenciesNTNC TB Program Office staff and DNPWCwill collaborate to create and distributea brochure for tourists and tour agenciesexplaining how the Nepal ElephantTuberculosis Control and ManagementAcon Plan will safeguard the health ofelephants and tourists.3. Educate the mediaNTNC TB Plan Office staff and DNPWC willcollaborate with local media (both audioand visual) to highlight the ways in whichthe Nepal Elephant Tuberculosis Controland Management Acon Plan safeguardselephant and tourist health. A shortdocumentary may also be prepared toillustrate the Plan.Issue V: Insufficient technical andmanagerial capacityStrategy: Develop partnerships to strengthentechnical and managerial capacies.Program Ac!vi!es1. Strengthen capacityVeterinary facilies parcularly targeted toTB control will be developed and capacityof park, zoo, Buffer Zone veterinary clinicveterinarians will be enhanced throughhands-on-training, workshop and higherdegree study programs. Partnership withnaonal and internaonal experts andorganizaons will also be expanded to22
Page 1: Nepal Elephant TuberculosisControl
Page 4: Copyright © and Published By:Gover
Page 11 and 12: SummaryThe Nepal Elephant Tuberculo
Page 13: AbbreviationsAREASBCCBZBZMCCNPCVLDL
Page 16 and 17: Mul angen print immunoassay (MAPIA)
Page 18 and 19: Part ITB Management
Page 20 and 21: Nepal Elephant Tuberculosis Control
Page 34 and 35: Part IIAction Plan
Page 48 and 49: Appendices

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