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2. Domain Entities39• Ontology: There are two, related meanings to this term:– an ontology is the formal, explicit specification of a sharedconceptualisation [ontology:Gruber:1993],– and ontology∗ is the philosophical study of the natureof being, existence, or reality,∗ as well as the basic categories of being and their relations.• Thus– ontology deals with questions concerningwhat entities exist or can be said to exist,– and how such entities can be grouped, related within a hierarchy,– and subdivided according to similarities and differences.• In our study of domains we shall therefore often“border” on issues of philosophy.A Precursor for Requirements Engineering 39 c○ Dines Bjørner 2012, DTU Informatics, Techn.Univ.of Denmark – July 20, 2012: 12:33
402. Domain Entities• Domain Ontology:– A domain ontology (or a domain specific ontology) models∗ a specific domain.∗ with a domain description describing this model.• Ontological Engineering:– By ontological engineering we understand∗ (i) the study and knowledge of methods and methodologies forbuilding ontologies, and∗ (ii) the practice of these methods.– Ontological engineering thus has some relations to the TripTychapproach’s domain engineering,– but will first elaborate on that much later in this tutorial(Slide 380).c○ Dines Bjørner 2012, DTU Informatics, Techn.Univ.of Denmark – July 20, 2012: 12:33 40 Domain Science & Engineering
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118LONG BREAKc○ Dines Bjørner 20
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