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Written Answers. - Parliamentary Debates - Houses of the Oireachtas

Written Answers. - Parliamentary Debates - Houses of the Oireachtas

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415 Questions— 22 February 2005. <strong>Written</strong> <strong>Answers</strong> 416[Mr. Eamon Ryan.]priority aid countries <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> EPAs; and if he willmake a statement on <strong>the</strong> matter. [6024/05]191. Mr. Eamon Ryan asked <strong>the</strong> Minister forForeign Affairs <strong>the</strong> details <strong>of</strong> any EPA impactassessments on Irish priority aid countries, that is,<strong>the</strong> level <strong>of</strong> unemployment expected, <strong>the</strong> nature<strong>of</strong> industries to be adversely affected and <strong>the</strong>capacity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se countries to adjust to EU competitionwithin <strong>the</strong> transition period; and if he willmake a statement on <strong>the</strong> matter. [6025/05]192. Mr. Eamon Ryan asked <strong>the</strong> Minister forForeign Affairs <strong>the</strong> communications, meetingsand o<strong>the</strong>r representations his Department hashad with <strong>the</strong> Department <strong>of</strong> Enterprise, Tradeand Employment on <strong>the</strong> liberalisation <strong>of</strong> marketsunder <strong>the</strong> proposed EPAs; and if he will make astatement on <strong>the</strong> matter. [6026/05]193. Mr. Eamon Ryan asked <strong>the</strong> Minister forForeign Affairs <strong>the</strong> concerns his Department hasraised with <strong>the</strong> Department <strong>of</strong> Enterprise, Tradeand Employment over <strong>the</strong> opening up <strong>of</strong> prioritycountry markets to EU competition; and if he willmake a statement on <strong>the</strong> matter. [6027/05]194. Mr. Eamon Ryan asked <strong>the</strong> Minister forForeign Affairs <strong>the</strong> areas <strong>of</strong> priority countrymarkets his Department has suggested should beexcluded from liberalisation, in EU and interdepartmentalmeetings; and if he will make astatement on <strong>the</strong> matter. [6028/05]195. Mr. Eamon Ryan asked <strong>the</strong> Minister forForeign Affairs his views on <strong>the</strong> regional groupingsrequired under EPAs; his views on <strong>the</strong> factthat Zambia is forced by this process to decidebetween SADC and COMESA, two regionalgroupings in which it has invested years <strong>of</strong>energy; and if he will make a statement on <strong>the</strong>matter. [6029/05]196. Mr. Eamon Ryan asked <strong>the</strong> Minister forForeign Affairs his views on criticisms that, with<strong>the</strong> EPAs, <strong>the</strong> EU is bringing about an effectiveredrawing <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> economic map <strong>of</strong> Africa; and ifhe will make a statement on <strong>the</strong> matter.[6030/05]Minister <strong>of</strong> State at <strong>the</strong> Department <strong>of</strong> ForeignAffairs (Mr. C. Lenihan): I propose to take QuestionNos. 188 to 196, inclusive, toge<strong>the</strong>r.The legally binding Cotonou Agreementbetween <strong>the</strong> African, Caribbean and Pacific,ACP, states and <strong>the</strong> European Union providesfor <strong>the</strong> negotiation <strong>of</strong> economic partnershipagreements, EPAs, between <strong>the</strong> parties. Sincetrade is a European Community competence, <strong>the</strong>European Commission negotiates <strong>the</strong> EPAsbetween <strong>the</strong> EU and six regional groupings <strong>of</strong>ACP states on behalf <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> member states. TheCommission provides member states with regularupdates on <strong>the</strong> progress <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> negotiations. TheEPAs are to enter into force by 1 January 2008.The EPAs are first and foremost instrumentsfor development that will foster <strong>the</strong> smooth andgradual integration <strong>of</strong> ACP states into <strong>the</strong> worldeconomy with due regard for <strong>the</strong>ir politicalchoices and development priorities, <strong>the</strong>reby promoting<strong>the</strong>ir sustainable development and contributingto poverty eradication in <strong>the</strong> ACP countries.They combine trade and wider developmentissues in a unified framework while takingaccount <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> specific economic, social andenvironmental circumstances <strong>of</strong> each regionalgroup and its component states. By enlargingACP markets through regional integration and bymaking regulatory frameworks in <strong>the</strong>se countriesmore transparent, EPAs can create an environmentconducive to <strong>the</strong> private sector and thusfunction as a vehicle for long-term economicdevelopment.According to Article 37(7) <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CotonouAgreement, <strong>the</strong> negotiations on <strong>the</strong> EPAs:shall take account <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> level <strong>of</strong> developmentand <strong>the</strong> socio-economic impact <strong>of</strong> trademeasures on ACP countries, and <strong>the</strong>ir capacityto adapt and adjust <strong>the</strong>ir economies to <strong>the</strong> liberalisationprocess. Negotiations will <strong>the</strong>reforebe as flexible as possible in establishing <strong>the</strong>duration <strong>of</strong> a sufficient transitional period, <strong>the</strong>final product coverage, taking into account sensitivesectors, and <strong>the</strong> degree <strong>of</strong> asymmetry interms <strong>of</strong> timetable for tariff dismantlement,while remaining in conformity with WTO rules<strong>the</strong>n prevailing.While Ireland, like <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r member states, doesnot participate in <strong>the</strong> ongoing EPA negotiations,we are generally satisfied that <strong>the</strong> Commission isdischarging its mandate in accordance with <strong>the</strong>seprovisions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Cotonou Agreement. It is clearfrom <strong>the</strong> most recent EU-ACP joint report <strong>of</strong>October last on <strong>the</strong> state <strong>of</strong> play <strong>of</strong> regional EPAnegotiations that <strong>the</strong> process with <strong>the</strong> six regionsis conducted with considerable concern for itsimpact on <strong>the</strong> economies <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> ACP countries.As in all trade negotiations, <strong>the</strong> EPA negotiationhas brought to light differences <strong>of</strong> approachbetween <strong>the</strong> parties in a number <strong>of</strong> areas. It is tobe hoped that as <strong>the</strong> talks progress, <strong>the</strong>se divergencescan be resolved in accordance with <strong>the</strong>principles and objectives underlying <strong>the</strong> negotiations.However, it is not helpful for <strong>the</strong> success<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> EPA project at this stage to suggest takingaction at <strong>the</strong> WTO for a continuation beyond2008 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> preferential access <strong>of</strong> ACP countriesto EU markets.All <strong>the</strong> programme countries in Ireland’s bilateralaid programme — Ethiopia, Lesotho, Mozambique,Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Timor-Leste — are ACP states. Our underlyingapproach in those countries is complementary tothat <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> EPAs in that we are sensitive to <strong>the</strong>need to help build <strong>the</strong> economic architecture in<strong>the</strong>se least developed countries so that <strong>the</strong>y willbe able to avail <strong>of</strong> an improving internationaltrading environment. To that end, Ireland worksboth with its partner governments and with o<strong>the</strong>rdonor countries to ensure a real focus on economicdevelopment and employment generation

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