Measuring physical fitness in Persons with Severe/Profound ...
Measuring physical fitness in Persons with Severe/Profound ...
Measuring physical fitness in Persons with Severe/Profound ...
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190180HR supra-max test (beats/m<strong>in</strong>)170160150140130120110110120130 140 150 160 170180190HRpeak calculated (beats/m<strong>in</strong>)Figure 4 Scatter plot calculated HR peakand HR peakof supra-maximal block test (Pearson’s r=0.5; p≤0.05); t-statisticp=0.0001). The dotted l<strong>in</strong>e represent<strong>in</strong>g perfect correlation, l<strong>in</strong>e of identity and absolute agreement.DiscussionThis study <strong>in</strong>vestigated the feasibility, test-retest reliability and validity of the adapted ShuttleRun Test protocol performed on a treadmill (graded exercise test, GXT) for people <strong>with</strong> SIMD andGMFCS-I. The results <strong>in</strong>dicate that the GXT protocol performed on the treadmill has sufficientfeasibility, based on the 80% criterion [28]. The test-retest reliability and validity of the GXTtreadmill were sufficient for the sample. Furthermore, the results show that the Fernhall equationpredict<strong>in</strong>g HR peakconsistently overestimated the realized HR peak.High correlation (ICC=0.95; 95%CI 0.88–0.98) and good agreement (p=0.5) has beenshowed <strong>in</strong> this study between the GXT1 and GXT2 for HR peak, <strong>in</strong>dicat<strong>in</strong>g good test-retest reliability.This is <strong>in</strong> l<strong>in</strong>e <strong>with</strong> the results Fernhall et al. found <strong>in</strong> a reliability study performed <strong>with</strong> mentallyretarded adults [33]. A SEM of 5 and an SDD of 6 <strong>with</strong> a small ES <strong>in</strong>dicate that the marg<strong>in</strong>for error is 5 and hence only a difference of more than 6 beats/m<strong>in</strong>ute <strong>in</strong>dicates a significantdifference. The results of the GXT1 and GXT2 are not significantly different and the ES are small.This confirms good test retest reliability.A measure for variability is the LOA. With a 19.4% of the mean HR peak, the LOA can be saidto be wide. A wide LOA po<strong>in</strong>ts at a considerable variation at the <strong>in</strong>dividual level and may be dueto difficulties <strong>in</strong> motivation, behaviour or an <strong>in</strong>ability to cope <strong>with</strong> stress, all of which are typicallyprevalent <strong>in</strong> people <strong>with</strong> SIMD [1, 3, 33].In order to check the validity of the test protocol, the HR peakSMBT was compared <strong>with</strong> the82 | Chapter 5