Measuring physical fitness in Persons with Severe/Profound ...

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References1 Bouchard C, Shepard RJ, Stephens T, Physical activity, Fitness and Health. 1994, HumanKinetics Publishers, Champaign, IL.2 Kramer AF, Hahn S, Cohen NJ, Banich MT, McAyley E, Harrison CR, Chason J, Vakil E, BardellL, Boileau RA, Colcombe A. Ageing, fitness and neurocognitive function. Nature.1999;400:418-419.3 Sitskoorn MM. Het plastische brein; invloed van gedrag. De Psycholoog. 2005;40(5):262-267.4 World Health Organization. Health for all, 1979.5 World Health Organization. WHO Chr. 1980;34(2):80.6 World Health Organization. Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, 1986.7 Wilder RP, Green JA, Winters KL, Long WB 3 rd , Gubler K, Edlich RF. Physical fitnessassessment: an update. Division of Spine and Sports Care, The Runner’s Clinic, Departmentof Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Virginia Health Sciences System,Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. J Long Term Eff Med Implants. 2006;16(2):193-204.8 Amstrong LE, Whaley MH, Brubaker PH, Otto RM. ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing andPrescription, 7 th ed. Philadelphia, 2005, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, American Collegeof sports medicine, guidelines skinfold measurement, Philadelphia, PA.9 Bouchard C. Overweight, mortality and obesity. In: (Ed. C. Bouchard), 2000: 3-7. HumanKinetics Publishers, Champaign, IL.10 Bray GA. Overweight, Mortality and Obesity. In: Physical activity and obesity. (Ed. C.Bouchard), 2000, pp. 32-37. Human Kinetics Publishers, Champaign IL.11 Knijff-Raeven van AGM, Jansen-Jacobs CC M, Freen P JW, Hoekman J, Maaskant MA. BodyMass Index (BMI) bij mensen met een verstandelijke beperking. Nederlands Tijdschrift Voorde Zorg aan Mensen Met Verstandelijke Beperkingen. 2005;1:3–17.12 Frey GC & Chow B. Relationship between BMI, physical fitness, and motor skills in youth withmild intellectual disabilities. Intern J Obes. 2006;30(5):861-7.13 Lahtinen U, Rintala P & Malin A. Physical performance of individuals with intellectualdisability: a 30 year follow up. Adapt Phys Act Q. 2007;24(2):125-43.14 World Health Organization. Physical status: The use and interpretation ofanthropometry. 1995, WHO Technical Report Series World Health Organization, Geneva.15 Hark L, Bowman M, Bellini L. Oversight of Nutrition in Clinical Care. In: Medical Nutrition &Disease (eds L. Hark & G. Morrison). 2003, National Health and Nutrition Examination SurveyIV.16 Malnutrition Advisory Group. The Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool [MUST] ExplanatoryBooklet. 2003, BAPEN Redditch, Worcs.17 Hogan S E. Knee Height as a Predictor of Recumbent Length for Individuals with Mobility-Impaired Cerebral Palsy. Journal of American College of Nutrition. 1999;18:201–5.18 Madden AM, Tsikoura T, Stott DJ. The estimation of body height from ulnar length in adultsfrom different ethnic groups. J of Hum Nutr Diet. 2008;15;21(4):394.19 Weinbrenner T, Vioque J, Barber X, Asensio L. Estimation of height and body mass indexfrom demi-span in elderly individuals. Gerontology. 2006;52(5):275-81.20 Duyar I & Pelin C. Body height estimation based on tibia length in different stature groups.Am J Phys Anthropol. 2003;122(1):23-27.Chapter 2 | 35
21 Stevenson RD. Measurement of Growth in Children with Developmental Disabilities. Dev MedChild Neurol. 1996;38:855-860.22 Gallagher D, Visser M, Sepúlveda D, Pierson RN, Harris T, Heymsfield SB. How useful is BMIfor comparison of body fatness across age, sex and ethnic groups? Am J Epidemiol.1996;143:228–239.23 Deurenberg-Yap M, Schmidt G, Staveren WA van, Deurenberg P. The paradox of low bodymass index and high body fat percentage among Chinese, Malays and Indians in Singapore.Int J Obes. 2000;24(8):1011-1017.24 Savva SC, Tornaritis M, Savva ME, Kourides Y, Panagi A, Silikiotou N, Georgiou C, Kafatos A.Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio are better predictors of cardiovasculardisease risk factors in children than body mass index. Int J Obes Rel Metabolic Dis.2000;24(11):1453-8.25 Dalton M, Cameron AJ, Zimmet PZ, Shaw JE, Jolley D, Dunstan DW, Welborn TA, Waistcircumference, waist-hip ratio and body mass index and their correlation with cardiovasculardisease risk factors in Australian adults. J Intern Med. 2003;254(6):555-63.26 Nadas J, Putz Z, Kolev G, Nagy S, Jermendy G. Intraobserver and interobserver variability ofmeasuring waist circumference. Med Sci Monitor. 2008;14(1):CR 15-18.27 Nooyens AC, Koppes LL, Visscher TL, Twisk JW, Kemper HC, Schuit AJ, van Mechelen W,Seidell JC. Adolescent skinfold thickness is a better predictor of high body fatness in adultsthan is body mass index: the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study. Am J ClinNutr. 2007;85(6):1533-9.28 Bemben MG, Massay BH, Bemben DA, Boileau RA, Misner JE. Age-related variability in bodycomposition methods for assessment of percent fat and fat-free mass in men aged 20-74years. Age and Ageing. 1998;27:147-53.29 Stevenson RD, Conaway M, Chumlea WC, Rosenbaum P, O’Donnell M, Samson-Fang L,Stallings VA, Fung EB, Henderson RC, Worley G, Liptak G. Growth and Health in Children WithModerate-to-Severe Cerebral Palsy. Pediatrics. 2006;118:1010-1018.30 Spender QW, Cronk CE, Charney EB, Stallings VA. Assessment of linear growth of childrenin cerebral palsy: use of alternative measures to height or length. Dev Med Child Neurol.1989;31:206–214.31 Mei Z, Grummer-Strawn LM, Pietrobelli A, Goulding A, Goran MI, Dietz WH. Validity of bodymass index compared with other body-composition screening indexes for the assessment ofbody fatness in children and adolescents. Am J Clinic Nutr. 2002;7597–985.32 World Health Organization, “Waist circumference”, 2006b, World Health Organization.33 Bhaumik S, Watson JM, Thorp CF, Tyrer F, Mc Grother CW. Body mass index in adults withintellectual disability: distribution, association and service implications: a population-basedprevalence study. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2008;52(4):287-98.34 Emerson E. Underweight, obesity and exercise among adults with intellectual disabilities insupported accommodation in Northern England. J Intellect Disabil Res.2005;49(2):134-4335 Melville CA, Cooper SA, McGrother CW, Thorp CF, Collacott R. Obesity in adults with Downsyndrome: a case-control study. J Int Dis Res. 2005;49(2):125-33.36 Merriman S, Haw C, Kirk J, Stubbs J. Risk factors for coronary heart disease amonginpatients who have mild intellectual disability and mental illness. J Intellect Disabil Res..2005;49(5):309-16.36 | Chapter 2
Page 2 and 3: Measuring physical fitnessin person
Page 4: Rijksuniversiteit GroningenMeasurin
Page 10 and 11: Chapter 1IntroductionChapter 1 | 9
Page 12 and 13: overweight [15]. This prevalence is
Page 14 and 15: Theoretical framework of the studyI
Page 16 and 17: Components of physical fitnessThe a
Page 18 and 19: Therefore, a study is put forward w
Page 20 and 21: 2002;40:436-444.19 Temple VA, Frey
Page 22 and 23: Chapter 2Feasibility and reliabilit
Page 24 and 25: IntroductionPhysical fitness and he
Page 26 and 27: GMFCS was presented to the investig
Page 28 and 29: Body weightTo determine the body we
Page 30 and 31: Table 1 Results of Wilcoxon rank te
Page 32 and 33: Calculation of heightThe mean (SD)
Page 34 and 35: DiscussionThe results of our study
Page 38 and 39: 37 Rimmer J, Kelly LE, Rosentswieg
Page 40 and 41: Chapter 3Measuring waist circumfere
Page 42 and 43: IntroductionChildren and adults wit
Page 44 and 45: participants. These calculations as
Page 46 and 47: Data analysisThe data were analyzed
Page 48: Table 2. Simple regression analysis
Page 54 and 55: Chapter 4Feasibility and reliabilit
Page 56 and 57: IntroductionPeople with intellectua
Page 58 and 59: Eighty representatives gave permiss
Page 60 and 61: 3) The measurement procedure: The m
Page 62 and 63: and whether motivation influenced t
Page 64 and 65: Table 3. Mean peak heart rate achie
Page 66 and 67: AcknowledgementsThis research was f
Page 68 and 69: 21 Hopkins WG, Gaeta H, Thomas AC,
Page 70 and 71: Chapter 5Psychometric quality of a
Page 72 and 73: IntroductionIntellectual disability
Page 74 and 75: Exclusion criteria were mental or p
Page 76 and 77: participant had fulfilled the task.
Page 78 and 79: Table 2. Descriptive results peak h
Page 80 and 81: Table 3. Test-retest reliability of
Page 82 and 83: Table 4. Correlation scored motivat
Page 84 and 85: preceding GXT results on HR peak. G
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References1 Schalock R, Brown I, Br
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37 Stanish HI, Temple VA, Frey GC.
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Chapter 6Feasibility and reliabilit
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IntroductionLocomotor skills in peo
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this study was to evaluate the feas
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obtained from the legal representat
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Modified Berg Balance Scale scoresI
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Modified Berg Balance Scale scoresT
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References1 Van Erkelens-Zwets JHJ
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39 Dorai-Raj S. Binomial Confidence
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Chapter 7Feasibility, test-retest r
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IntroductionPersons with profound i
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DesignThe muscle tone and spasticit
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Interrater reliabilityFirstly, to d
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Table 3. Summary of the statistical
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Table 6. Summary of the statistical
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RecommendationsThe feasibility of c
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18 Gielen EJJM. Is spasticiteit te
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Chapter 8Heart Rate Pattern as an I
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IntroductionIt is important to gain
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48 persons18 persons lacked permiss
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Furthermore, the mean and the range
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Table 3. Day-to-day outline of the
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Relation between heart rate pattern
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patterns in this study we can concl
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References1 Emerson E. Underweight,
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38 Multilevel Models Project (2004)
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Chapter 9General DiscussionChapter
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on this. To sum up, testing in pers
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for future research it is recommend
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studies. Randomized Controlled Tria
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of these individuals require more?
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19 Lahtinen U, Rintala P, Malin A.
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SummarySummary | 151
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problems in both locomotor skills a
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subjects are to be applied to perso
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may be an indicator of activity lev
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SamenvattingSamenvatting | 159
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InleidingVoldoende bewegen en fithe
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verstandelijk niveau en bepaalde mo
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Hieruit bleek, dat de motivatie van
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Verder is duidelijk geworden dat me
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DankwoordDankwoord | 169
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De leden van de leescommissie, prof
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Judith van der Boom, dank je wel vo
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Dankwoord | 175
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Curriculum vitaeCurriculum vitae |
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Curriculum vitae | 179
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