Measuring physical fitness in Persons with Severe/Profound ...

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Calculation of heightThe mean (SD) height calculated with the Stevenson formula [151 (35) cm] was significantlydifferent (p < 0.01) from that of the mean (SD) of actual measured heights [164 (11) cm]. Because ofthis significant difference, we performed a linear regression analysis to identify a more accurateformula for calculating height from tibia length and arrived at the following formula(p < 0.01; R/R2: 0.926/0.857; Durbin/Watson: 1.945):For men, 74.008 + (1.841 x tibia length) + (0.389 x weight) - (3.787 x 0);For women, 74.008 + (1.841 x tibia length) + (0.389 x weight) - (3.787 x 1).We used the Wilcoxon rank tests, ICC (2-way random, total agreement) and LOAs to compareheight data calculated with the new formula to actual measured height data and found that heightcalculated with this formula was not significantly different from the actual measured height(p = 0.953). Moreover, the LOA was 10 cm, which is 6% of the mean, and the ICC was 0.96. Figure2 shows that the standardized normal P-P plot of the regression analysis is acceptable.Figure 2 Normal P-P Plot.Normal P-Plot of Regression Standardized ResidualDependent Variable: body height in cm1,00,8Expected Cum Prob0,60,40,20,00,00,2 0,4 0,6 0,81,0Observed Cum ProbFeasibilityExcept for the measurements of skinfolds, which were 82% successful, at least 95% of theremaining measurements were successful.Chapter 2 | 31
Body weight statusTables 4 and 5 show the results of the comparison of BMI and waist measurements according tothe WHO [32, 55, 56].Table 4. BMI interpretation according to WHO values: obese (BMI>30); overweight(2530); healthy weight (18.525); underweight (BMI 102 for men, waist > 88 for women); risk weight (96 > waist < 102 for men, 80 >waist < 88 for women); healthy weight (88 > waist < 96 for men, 76 > waist < 80 for women);underweight (waist < 88 for men, waist < 76 for women).Whole group Men WomenN 45 28 17Underweight 16% 25% -Healthy weight 42% 61% 12%Risk weight 24% 11% 47%Abdominal obese 18% 3% 41%Totaal 100% 100% 100%Waist circumference in cm.WHO, World Health Organization.32 | Chapter 2
Page 2 and 3: Measuring physical fitnessin person
Page 4: Rijksuniversiteit GroningenMeasurin
Page 10 and 11: Chapter 1IntroductionChapter 1 | 9
Page 12 and 13: overweight [15]. This prevalence is
Page 14 and 15: Theoretical framework of the studyI
Page 16 and 17: Components of physical fitnessThe a
Page 18 and 19: Therefore, a study is put forward w
Page 20 and 21: 2002;40:436-444.19 Temple VA, Frey
Page 22 and 23: Chapter 2Feasibility and reliabilit
Page 24 and 25: IntroductionPhysical fitness and he
Page 26 and 27: GMFCS was presented to the investig
Page 28 and 29: Body weightTo determine the body we
Page 30 and 31: Table 1 Results of Wilcoxon rank te
Page 34 and 35: DiscussionThe results of our study
Page 36 and 37: References1 Bouchard C, Shepard RJ,
Page 38 and 39: 37 Rimmer J, Kelly LE, Rosentswieg
Page 40 and 41: Chapter 3Measuring waist circumfere
Page 42 and 43: IntroductionChildren and adults wit
Page 44 and 45: participants. These calculations as
Page 46 and 47: Data analysisThe data were analyzed
Page 48: Table 2. Simple regression analysis
Page 54 and 55: Chapter 4Feasibility and reliabilit
Page 56 and 57: IntroductionPeople with intellectua
Page 58 and 59: Eighty representatives gave permiss
Page 60 and 61: 3) The measurement procedure: The m
Page 62 and 63: and whether motivation influenced t
Page 64 and 65: Table 3. Mean peak heart rate achie
Page 66 and 67: AcknowledgementsThis research was f
Page 68 and 69: 21 Hopkins WG, Gaeta H, Thomas AC,
Page 70 and 71: Chapter 5Psychometric quality of a
Page 72 and 73: IntroductionIntellectual disability
Page 74 and 75: Exclusion criteria were mental or p
Page 76 and 77: participant had fulfilled the task.
Page 78 and 79: Table 2. Descriptive results peak h
Page 80 and 81: Table 3. Test-retest reliability of
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Table 4. Correlation scored motivat
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preceding GXT results on HR peak. G
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References1 Schalock R, Brown I, Br
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37 Stanish HI, Temple VA, Frey GC.
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Chapter 6Feasibility and reliabilit
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IntroductionLocomotor skills in peo
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this study was to evaluate the feas
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obtained from the legal representat
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Modified Berg Balance Scale scoresI
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Modified Berg Balance Scale scoresT
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References1 Van Erkelens-Zwets JHJ
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39 Dorai-Raj S. Binomial Confidence
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Chapter 7Feasibility, test-retest r
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IntroductionPersons with profound i
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DesignThe muscle tone and spasticit
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Interrater reliabilityFirstly, to d
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Table 3. Summary of the statistical
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Table 6. Summary of the statistical
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RecommendationsThe feasibility of c
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18 Gielen EJJM. Is spasticiteit te
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Chapter 8Heart Rate Pattern as an I
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IntroductionIt is important to gain
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48 persons18 persons lacked permiss
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Furthermore, the mean and the range
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Table 3. Day-to-day outline of the
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Relation between heart rate pattern
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patterns in this study we can concl
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References1 Emerson E. Underweight,
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38 Multilevel Models Project (2004)
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Chapter 9General DiscussionChapter
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on this. To sum up, testing in pers
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for future research it is recommend
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studies. Randomized Controlled Tria
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of these individuals require more?
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19 Lahtinen U, Rintala P, Malin A.
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SummarySummary | 151
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problems in both locomotor skills a
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subjects are to be applied to perso
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may be an indicator of activity lev
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SamenvattingSamenvatting | 159
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InleidingVoldoende bewegen en fithe
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verstandelijk niveau en bepaalde mo
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Hieruit bleek, dat de motivatie van
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Verder is duidelijk geworden dat me
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DankwoordDankwoord | 169
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De leden van de leescommissie, prof
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Judith van der Boom, dank je wel vo
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Dankwoord | 175
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Curriculum vitaeCurriculum vitae |
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Curriculum vitae | 179
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