Measuring physical fitness in Persons with Severe/Profound ...
Measuring physical fitness in Persons with Severe/Profound ...
Measuring physical fitness in Persons with Severe/Profound ...
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AbstractBackground As <strong>physical</strong> <strong>fitness</strong> is related to <strong>physical</strong> activity, it is important to ga<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>sight <strong>in</strong>to the<strong>physical</strong> activity levels of persons <strong>with</strong> <strong>Profound</strong> Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities (PIMD). Heartrate monitor<strong>in</strong>g may be used as an <strong>in</strong>dicator of activity levels, yet a correct method for dat<strong>in</strong>gheart rate patterns of subjects <strong>with</strong> PIMD has so far not been researched.Objective The purpose of this study was twofold. First, this study exam<strong>in</strong>es the activity levelsof persons <strong>with</strong> <strong>Profound</strong> Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities (PIMD) based on their heart ratepatterns, contrasted aga<strong>in</strong>st American College of Sports Medic<strong>in</strong>e (ACSM) guidel<strong>in</strong>es of healthy<strong>physical</strong> activity. Second, this study describes the relation between various covariates and heartrate patterns and proposes adherent classification.Method Us<strong>in</strong>g a heart rate monitor, heart rate patterns of 24 subjects <strong>with</strong> PIMD were measureddur<strong>in</strong>g 6 days. Heart rate <strong>in</strong>tensity was calculated us<strong>in</strong>g heart rate reserves. Physical activitylevels were also measured <strong>with</strong> questionnaires. Data were analyzed us<strong>in</strong>g multilevel analysis.Results The results show that the mean heart rate zone of the participants over six days is3.196, <strong>in</strong>dicat<strong>in</strong>g 32 % of the heart rate reserve. The <strong>in</strong>tensity ranged over a heart rate reservefrom 1 to 62 %. Wide ranges <strong>in</strong> heart rate between participants and <strong>with</strong><strong>in</strong> one day have beenshown. However, between days we found small ranges <strong>in</strong> heart rate. Heart rate monitor<strong>in</strong>g is areliable measurement for measur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>physical</strong> activity. Participants could be classified <strong>in</strong> 4 classesaccord<strong>in</strong>g to heart rate. Time of day, <strong>physical</strong> activity and age have significant <strong>in</strong>fluence on heartrate.Conclusions In conclusion, persons <strong>with</strong> PIMD are not sufficiently <strong>physical</strong>ly active based on theguidel<strong>in</strong>es of ACSM. Heart rate monitor<strong>in</strong>g seems to be a reliable <strong>in</strong>dicator of <strong>physical</strong> activity,but exploration of the other <strong>in</strong>fluential factors, such as emotions and personal factors, isrecommended.122 | Chapter 8