TR 07-02 - Sanas
TR 07-02 - Sanas TR 07-02 - Sanas
TR 07-02t) To minimize the possible effects of trees on the measured SO 2 levels, thesampler inlet should be placed at least 20m from the drip line of trees. Insituations where trees could be classified as an obstruction, i.e. the distancebetween the tree(s) and the probe inlet is less than twice the height that thetree(s) protrudes above the sample inlet, the inlet must be placed at least 10mfrom the drip line of the obstructing tree(s).u) Temperature and Humidity• A monitoring station requires a suitable environment with specificenvironmental conditions.• Cognisance must be taken of the ambient external conditions with regardto dew point.• Shelter temperature must be controlled at 25 °C ± 5 °C.• Should the temperature rise to above 30 °C, the data must be flagged forpossible erroneous results.v) Sampling Lines• In order to ensure adequate sampling response time the sampling linesshall be Teflon.• They must be in one piece with no additional traps and filter mechanismsallowed and should preferably be no longer than 2 meters in length fromthe manifold to the analyser.• They must be at least 6mm outer diameter in width.w) Sampling Manifold• The sampling manifold must be made from borosilicate glass or FEPTeflon or their equivalent.• The sample residence time within the manifold must be less than 20seconds.4.4 Meteorological Requirements4.4.1 Meteorological conditions are important in assessing the impacts of sources onsurrounding areas because they dictate the transport and dispersion of contaminantsin ambient air.4.4.2 The minimum meteorological parameters to be measured and reported at the samefrequency as the primary pollutants are: wind speed, wind direction and ambienttemperature:• mast, 6 m minimum, 10 m preferable;• wind speed (resolution 0.1 m/s, accuracy ± 0.2 m/s, start-up 0.2 m/s);• wind direction (resolution 1°, accuracy ± 2°, refe renced to true north);• air temperature (resolution 0.1°C, accuracy 0.2°C) ;• automated logging system, reliable power, with battery back-up.4.4.3 The use of the Cartesian coordinate system is recommended, whereby data isconverted to its x and y components. This data can then be accumulated in a vectorform. This solves averaging and unweighted direction problems. Results maysubsequently be converted to polar coordinates, if required.©SANAS Page 6 of 12
TR 07-024.4.4 Desirable measurements are:• humidity (or dew point) (resolution 1% relative humidity (rh), accuracy ± 5% rh);• solar radiation (for stability estimates) (resolution 1 W/m2, accuracy 10 W/m2);• rainfall (resolution 1 mm);• temperature profile (T at two heights, 1.5 m and 10 m, needs 0.1°C accuracy)using identical sensors at both heights.4.4.5 Specific siting requirements:Must be free of influence of trees, buildings, structures – should be at least two timesthe height away from the obstacle, and for wind sensors it should be at least 10 timesthe height away from obstacles. (Refer to Part I, sections 5.9.2 and 6.2 of the Guide toMeteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation (World MeteorologicalOrganization, 1996; Oke TR, 2006).4.4.6 Required time resolution:• Data should be collected at the same minimum time resolution as air qualitydata;• Resolution should be at least hourly.4.4.7 Period of monitoring:• For atmospheric modelling and trend analysis, a minimum of one year’s data isrecommended.• Everything that is installed must be calibrated to a national reference standardwhere such a standard exists.• Monitoring stations need to keep a record of maintenance and calibration ofequipment.• The calibration of wind direction and speed monitoring equipment shall beundertaken after repair otherwise annually and documented.• All wind direction sensors must be aligned to true north or the data correctedaccordingly.Note: Wind direction, by convention, is the direction the wind is blowing from and isquoted with reference to true north (not magnetic north). An exception to this ismeteorological data collected for oceanographic monitoring purposes. In this case, thewind is recorded in the direction it is blowing towards. Care should be taken todetermine the meteorological wind convention when using data collected from themarine environment.• The preferred reporting unit for wind speed is metres per second (m/s).4.5 Calibration Requirements4.5.1 Calibration and maintenance of monitoring equipment is an important part of everymonitoring programme.• How frequently should calibration be undertaken?• What documentation is required?• What procedures will ensure the efficient and smooth operation of monitoringequipment?a) Each monitoring station is required to have quarterly on-site dynamic multipoint(minimum zero/span and three intermediate point checks) and a minimum of©SANAS Page 7 of 12
- Page 2: TR 07-02CONTENTS:1. Purpose and Sco
- Page 8 and 9: TR 07-02two-weekly zero/span checks
- Page 10 and 11: TR 07-024.13 Proficiency Testing5.
- Page 12: TR 07-02ADDENDUM 1.AMENDMENT RECORD
<strong>TR</strong> <strong>07</strong>-<strong>02</strong>4.4.4 Desirable measurements are:• humidity (or dew point) (resolution 1% relative humidity (rh), accuracy ± 5% rh);• solar radiation (for stability estimates) (resolution 1 W/m2, accuracy 10 W/m2);• rainfall (resolution 1 mm);• temperature profile (T at two heights, 1.5 m and 10 m, needs 0.1°C accuracy)using identical sensors at both heights.4.4.5 Specific siting requirements:Must be free of influence of trees, buildings, structures – should be at least two timesthe height away from the obstacle, and for wind sensors it should be at least 10 timesthe height away from obstacles. (Refer to Part I, sections 5.9.2 and 6.2 of the Guide toMeteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation (World MeteorologicalOrganization, 1996; Oke <strong>TR</strong>, 2006).4.4.6 Required time resolution:• Data should be collected at the same minimum time resolution as air qualitydata;• Resolution should be at least hourly.4.4.7 Period of monitoring:• For atmospheric modelling and trend analysis, a minimum of one year’s data isrecommended.• Everything that is installed must be calibrated to a national reference standardwhere such a standard exists.• Monitoring stations need to keep a record of maintenance and calibration ofequipment.• The calibration of wind direction and speed monitoring equipment shall beundertaken after repair otherwise annually and documented.• All wind direction sensors must be aligned to true north or the data correctedaccordingly.Note: Wind direction, by convention, is the direction the wind is blowing from and isquoted with reference to true north (not magnetic north). An exception to this ismeteorological data collected for oceanographic monitoring purposes. In this case, thewind is recorded in the direction it is blowing towards. Care should be taken todetermine the meteorological wind convention when using data collected from themarine environment.• The preferred reporting unit for wind speed is metres per second (m/s).4.5 Calibration Requirements4.5.1 Calibration and maintenance of monitoring equipment is an important part of everymonitoring programme.• How frequently should calibration be undertaken?• What documentation is required?• What procedures will ensure the efficient and smooth operation of monitoringequipment?a) Each monitoring station is required to have quarterly on-site dynamic multipoint(minimum zero/span and three intermediate point checks) and a minimum of©SANAS Page 7 of 12
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