draining development.pdf - Khazar University

Tax Havens and Illicit Flows 3675. For the IMF data, see http://www.imf.org/external/np/sta/bop/bop.htm.6. For the Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey, see http://www.imf.org/external/np/sta/pi/cpis.htm. For International Financial Statistics, see InternationalFinancial Statistics (database), IMF, Washington, DC, http://elibrary-data.imf.org/FindDataReports.aspx?d=33061&e=169393.7. The table may be found on the website of this volume, http://go.worldbank.org/N2HMRB4G20.8. See Financial Secrecy Index, Tax Justice Network, London, http://www.financialsecrecyindex.com/index.html.9. The table may be found on the website of this volume, http://go.worldbank.org/N2HMRB4G20.10. See also “The British connection” and “Chart 2: The British Empire by SecrecyScores,” Financial Secrecy Index, Tax Justice Network, London, http://www.financialsecrecyindex.com/significance.html#british.11. Norway, Minister of the Environment and International Development, 2009,Tax Havens and Development: Status, Analyses and Measures, Oslo: GovernmentCommission on Capital Flight from Poor Countries, http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/UD/Vedlegg/Utvikling/tax_report.pdf.12. Financial Times, “Hurdles Remain for G20 Pact,” September 7, 2009; emphasisadded.13. This opacity is also used to hide the origin or beneficial ownership of the proceedsof crimes unrelated to tax, including other forms of corruption, but also,for example, the trafficking of drugs and people, the financing of terrorism, andso on. Some implications of these activities for developing countries are treatedelsewhere in this chapter; see also the chapters by Kopp and Levi in this volume(chapters 6 and 12, respectively).14. See Financial Action Task Force, http://www.fatf-gafi.org/.15. A casual investigation shows that The Bahamas, British Virgin Islands, CaymanIslands, and Isle of Man feature prominently in the Internet searches on claimsabout a tax-neutral platform.16. For the Orbis data, see Bureau van Dijk, http://www.bvdinfo.com/Products/Company-Information/International/Orbis.17. Norway, Minister of the Environment and International Development, 2009,Tax Havens and Development: Status, Analyses and Measures, Oslo: GovernmentCommission on Capital Flight from Poor Countries, http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/UD/Vedlegg/Utvikling/tax_report.pdf.18. See UN Comtrade (United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database), StatisticsDivision, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations,New York, http://comtrade.un.org/db/.19. See United Nations, “Detailed Structure and Explanatory Notes, SITC Rev.3(Standard International Trade Classification, Rev.3),” United Nations StatisticsDivision, http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cr/registry/regcst.asp?Cl=14.