Service Contract No 2007 / 147-446 Strategic ... - Swaziland

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5.4.1.3 Fauna and FloraBy comparison with the southern African region, the plants and animals of Swaziland havebeen relatively well surveyed. This is particularly true for trees, birds and frogs. However,very limited information is available for certain groups such as the majority of invertebrates.In a comparison of species richness of plants and vertebrates, the former account for morethan three-quarters of the species, followed by birds (Figure 18).Figure 18:Graph showing proportional contribution of plant and vertebrate animalspecies in SwazilandP l a n t sF i s hF r o g sR e p t i l e sB i r d sM a m m a l s5.4.2 EndemismDespite the small size of the country, Swaziland has an impressive list of endemic species. Atotal of 20 endemic plants are listed for Swaziland (Dlamini and Dlamini, 2002) or suspectedto be endemic (Dobson and Lotter, 2002). The highest species richness of endemic plants(accounting for 60% of endemic species) lies within montane grasslands around Mbabaneand Malolotja Nature Reserve in the north-western part of the country (Figure 19). Thenorthern parts of the Lubombos support a smaller proportion of endemics, with a smallnumber of species scattered around the country (Monadjem et al, 2003a).The sole endemic vertebrate is a lizard; the Swazi thick-tailed rock gecko (Afroedura major)which occurs in rocky outcrops on the ecotone between the montane grassland and savannaecosystems (Table 12).No other vertebrates are endemic to Swaziland. However, a number of species are nearendemics,occurring in neighbouring South Africa and Swaziland only. A total of 52 such birdspecies have been documented from Swaziland, with half of them restricted to montanegrasslands (Table 12).Montane grasslands, therefore, play an important role by providing habitat for many ofSwaziland’s endemic and near-endemic plants and animals.RDMU (Strategic Environmental Assessment of the National Adaptation Strategy) - Page 68
Figure 19:Distribution of endemic plant species richness in Swaziland(Source: Monadjem et al, 2003a)The box with a number indicates the number of endemicsThe box colour refers species richness of endemics - blue (low richness), green (moderately low richness), light brown(moderately high) and red (high)Table 12:Distribution of endemic and near-endemic vertebrates in ecosystems ofSwazilandTaxon Grassland Savanna Forest Aquatic TotalEndemic1 (100%) 0 0 0 1(vertebrates)Near endemics(birds)26 (50%) 13 (25%) 12 (23%) 1 (2%) 52(Source: Clancey 1986; Monadjem et al. 2003a)Figure 20:Simunye sugar estate bordering the Hlane game parkRDMU (Strategic Environmental Assessment of the National Adaptation Strategy) - Page 69
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Restructuring and DiversificationMa
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DISCLAIMERThe contents of this repo
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5.7.2 Expected impacts in absence o
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
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HIVHPIIAIAIDIPCCIPPISOITFIWRMJWCKDD
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PSIRBARDMUREASWARMFRPDPRSARSSCSS&MS
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UNEPUNFCCCUNICEFUNISWAUSUS$VACVCTWF
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1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARYSwaziland has be
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- In spite of the above water-stora
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to keep the same quality), destruct
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ooooMust be based on a basin-wide h
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ooooMust address the socio-economic
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- Optimal use should be made of thi
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2 BACKGROUND2.1 The EU sugar reform
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eing implemented directly by the in
Page 31 and 32: for implementation. For future StrE
Page 33 and 34: operating in Swaziland, one in Simu
Page 35 and 36: 4.2 Climate and climate changeSwazi
Page 37 and 38: 4.4 Land and land tenureLand tenure
Page 39 and 40: Most of the water in Swaziland (96%
Page 41 and 42: −−−Decline in biodiversity (m
Page 43 and 44: Figure 6: Cause-effect relationship
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Page 61 and 62: ipening period. Presence of pests a
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Page 65 and 66: As was noted in the scoping report,
Page 67 and 68: contribute to poverty alleviation.
Page 69 and 70: sufficient to cover all the farmers
Page 71 and 72: which revealed that 66% of the popu
Page 73 and 74: funds, and they then have to mark u
Page 75 and 76: contracts; in practical terms there
Page 77 and 78: The United Nations Conference on Tr
Page 79 and 80: safety net would alleviate fears ar
Page 81: Table 11:Species diversity by ecosy
Page 85 and 86: mostly on paper, are not cross-sect
Page 87 and 88: particularly true where mitigation
Page 89 and 90: Enforcement of legislation is key t
Page 91 and 92: In general, however, the HIV preval
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Page 95 and 96: The company implements an HIV/AIDS
Page 97 and 98: improving co-ordination; to have a
Page 99 and 100: measures of the NAS, the RDMU indic
Page 101 and 102: sustainable business. Based on ISO
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Page 107 and 108: Many factors intervene in determini
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Page 111 and 112: 5.8 Key aspect 7: Regulation of eff
Page 113 and 114: effluent standards. Otherwise there
Page 115 and 116: 5.9.4 Options to address the key as
Page 117 and 118: Table 17:NAS logframe indicators ne
Page 119 and 120: IndicatorObjective 1a: Positive and
Page 121 and 122: IndicatorObjective 1a: Positive and
Page 123 and 124: 6.2 Proposed StrEA performance indi
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Page 127 and 128: Indicator Measurement ObservationsR
Page 129 and 130: 7.1 Addressing High Priority aspect
Page 131 and 132: RECOMMENDATION INVOLVED INSTITUTION
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RECOMMENDATION INVOLVED INSTITUTION
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H. REGULATION OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSI
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NAS Area Description Proposed measu
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Figure 29:Environmental and socio-e
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NAS ACTIONSWater balanceCont. of gr
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NAS ACTIONSWater balanceCont. of gr
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Annex 3: Key stakeholdersTable 19:M
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Institutional ActorMinistry of Natu
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Institutional ActorSwaziland SugarA
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Institutional ActorDepartment of Wa
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Table 20:Other key stakeholders rel
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StakeholderRiver BasinAuthorities (
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StakeholderWorld VisionWorld FoodPr
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Annex 4: Main policy documents and
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Policy, Plan orProgrammeNational Re
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Policy, Plan orProgrammeComprehensi
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Policy, Plan orProgrammeNational En
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Policy, Plan orProgrammeDraft Natio
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Piece of legislationNational TrustC
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Piece of legislationThe Public Heal
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Piece of legislationTreaty on devel
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Piece of legislationUnited NationsF
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Annex 5: Stakeholder engagement met
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Date Time Place Name Organisation P
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StrEA STUDY PHASEDate Time Place Na
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Annex 7: List of participants to th
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Annex 8: Agenda for the stakeholder
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Cortez, LAB and Brossard Pérez, LE
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Matsebula, M (2009) EC Accompanying
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Seebaluck, V.; Leal, MRLV; Rosillo-
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Annex 10: Terms of ReferenceTERMS O
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2.2. Requested services for the fir
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under consideration. The consultant
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2.5.4. Analysis of performance indi
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• Fluency in both written and spo
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Service Contract No 2007 / 147-446 Strategic ... - Swaziland

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