Service Contract No 2007 / 147-446 Strategic ... - Swaziland

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Annex 9: Documents consultedPolicy Documents (see also documents referred to in Annex 4 for GoS policydocuments)European Commission (2005) Commission Staff Working Paper, Action Plan onaccompanying measures for Sugar Protocol countries affected by the reform of the EU sugarregime, SEC(2005) 61, Brussels, 17.01.2005.European Commission Swaziland Multiannual Adaptation Strategy for the Period 2006-2013.European Commission Multi-Annual Indicative Programme (MIP) for Swaziland under theAMSP (2007-2010).European Commission, Draft Multi-Annual Indicative Programme (MIP) for Swaziland underthe AMSP (2011-2013).Background and Support DocumentsAcocks, JP (1988) Veld types of South Africa, 3 rd Edition, Mem. Bot. Surv, S. Afr. No 57,Botanical Institute, Pretoria.Baez-Smith, C (2006) Anaerobic digestion of vinasse for the production of methane in thesugar cane distillery, presented at the 2006 SPRI Conference on Sugar Processing.Barber, A; Pellow, G; and de Arangao Pereira, M (2008) The sustainability of Brazilian sugarcane bioethanol, a literature review, prepared for Energy Efficiency and ConservationAuthority (EECA).Batidzirai, B; Johnson, FX; Sobhanbabu, PRK; Leal, RLV; Seebaluck, V; Purchase, B (2008)Bioenergy for Sustainable Development and Global Competitiveness: the Case of SugarCane in Southern Africa, Thematic Report 5: International Experiences and Comparisons,CARENSA/SEI special report series.Canegrowers (nd) Managing Natural Resources; A Canegrowers Handbook, prepared byDuncan Hay, Institute of Natural Resources, Pietermaritzburg, for Canegrowers (SouthAfrica).Cançado, J; Saldiva, P; Pereira, L; Lara, L; Artaxo, P; Martinelli, L; Arbex, M; Zanobetti, A;and Braga, A (2006) The impacts of sugar-cane burning emissions on the respiratory systemof children and the elderly, Environmental Health Perspectives, 114(5): 725-729.CANGO (nd) Directory.Central Statistical Office (1998) Swaziland Population and Housing Census Volume 1, CSO:Mbabane.Central Statistical Office and Macro International Inc. (2008) Swaziland, Demographic andHealth Survey 2007, Mbabane, Swaziland.Cheesman, O. (2004) The environmental impacts of sugar production, CABI Publishing.Chubekani Investments (PTY) LTD (2010) On-Farm Environmental Management Plan.Clancey, P.A. 1986. Endemicity in the southern African avifauna. Durban Mus. Novit. 13:245-284.RDMU (Strategic Environmental Assessment of the National Adaptation Strategy) - Page 182
Cortez, LAB and Brossard Pérez, LE (1997) Experiences of vinasse disposal Part III:Combustion of vinasse - #6 Fuel oil emulsions, Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering,14(1).Coyne et Bellier Swaziland (2005) LUSIP design review.Dlamini, TS and Dlamini, GM (2002) Swaziland, In JS Golding (ed) Southern African PlantRed Data Lists, Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No 14: 121-134.Dobson, L and Lotter, M (2004) Vegetation Map of Swaziland, In Mucina, L and Rutherford,MC (eds.) Vegetation Map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: Shapefiles of basicmapping units. Beta version 4.0, February 2004, National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.Driessen, WJBM, Tielbaard, MH, and Vereijken, TLFM (1994) Experience on anaerobictreatment of distillery effluent with the UASB process, Wat. Sci. Tech., 30(12) 193-201.Echavarria, M. (1996) To burn or not to burn: environmental, technological and economicconsiderations, Proceedings of the XXII Congress of the International Society of Sugar caneTechnologists, Cartagena, Colombia, 11-15 September 1995, pp. 38-42.Enabling Activities for the Preparation of Jamaica’s Second National Communication to theUNFCCC, Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments Work Package 2: Water Resourcesand Agriculture, Final Report.Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority (2008) The Sustainability of Brazilian Sugarcane Bioethanol, a Literature Review, prepared by A. Barber; G. Pellow and M. de AragaoPereira.European Commission (2006) Swaziland Country Environmental Profile, prepared by A.Remmelzwaal (AGROTEC).European Commission (nd) Programming Guidelines, Accompanying Measures for SugarProtocol Countries (AMSP), 2011-2013.European Union (2009) Technical Assistance support to Smallholder Sugar Cane Growers –Phase 1: Inception Report.Falloon, T (2009) Burnt cane harvesting, an environmental perspective. Powerpointpresentation made at the SEA Study Workshop, Mandeville, Jamaica, 19 February.Global Agricultural Information Network – GAIN (2009) Swaziland Sugar Annual, GAINReport Number WZ9001 prepared by D. Esterhuizen.Global Water Partnership Southern Africa (2009) IWRM Survey and Status Report:Swaziland, prepared by AM Manyatsi and R Brown.Godbole, J. (2002) Ethanol from cane molasses, Powerpoint Presentation made at theHawaii Ethanol Workshop, November 14, 2002.Goudie, AS and Price Williams (1983) The Atlas of Swaziland, The Swaziland National TrustCommission, Occassional Paper No. 4.Government of the Kingdom of Swaziland (2006) The Second Multisectoral HIV and AIDSStrategic Plan 2006-2008.Gunkel, G; Kosmol, J; Sobral, M; Rohn, H; Montenegro, S and Aureliano, J (2007) SugarCane Industry as a Source of Water Pollution – Case Study on the situation in Ipojuca River,Pernambuco, Brazil, Water Air Soil Pollution, 180:261-269.Illovo Sugar Limited (2009) Annual Report 2009.International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development – ICTSD (2008) BiofuelProduction, Trade and Sustainable Development, policy discussion paper.RDMU (Strategic Environmental Assessment of the National Adaptation Strategy) - Page 183
Page 1 and 2:
Restructuring and DiversificationMa
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DISCLAIMERThe contents of this repo
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5.7.2 Expected impacts in absence o
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
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HIVHPIIAIAIDIPCCIPPISOITFIWRMJWCKDD
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PSIRBARDMUREASWARMFRPDPRSARSSCSS&MS
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UNEPUNFCCCUNICEFUNISWAUSUS$VACVCTWF
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1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARYSwaziland has be
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- In spite of the above water-stora
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to keep the same quality), destruct
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ooooMust be based on a basin-wide h
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ooooMust address the socio-economic
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- Optimal use should be made of thi
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2 BACKGROUND2.1 The EU sugar reform
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eing implemented directly by the in
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for implementation. For future StrE
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operating in Swaziland, one in Simu
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4.2 Climate and climate changeSwazi
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4.4 Land and land tenureLand tenure
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Most of the water in Swaziland (96%
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−−−Decline in biodiversity (m
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Figure 6: Cause-effect relationship
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Figure 8:Cause-effect relationships
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Figure 10:Cause-effect relationship
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economic and social welfare in an e
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5.2.1.3 Water usage and demand in S
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Table 7:Capacity, use, types and ch
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5.2.1.5 The Komati Downstream Devel
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Table 8: Industry area (ha) by irri
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5.2.2 Expected impacts in absence o
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ipening period. Presence of pests a
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5.2.2.5 Effects of future water sho
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As was noted in the scoping report,
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contribute to poverty alleviation.
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sufficient to cover all the farmers
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which revealed that 66% of the popu
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funds, and they then have to mark u
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contracts; in practical terms there
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The United Nations Conference on Tr
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safety net would alleviate fears ar
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Table 11:Species diversity by ecosy
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Figure 19:Distribution of endemic p
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mostly on paper, are not cross-sect
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particularly true where mitigation
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Enforcement of legislation is key t
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In general, however, the HIV preval
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The HAPAC Programme applied two imp
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The company implements an HIV/AIDS
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improving co-ordination; to have a
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measures of the NAS, the RDMU indic
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sustainable business. Based on ISO
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Table 15:Synthesis of advantages an
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Considering an approximate total of
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Many factors intervene in determini
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The legal responsibilities for the
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5.8 Key aspect 7: Regulation of eff
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effluent standards. Otherwise there
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5.9.4 Options to address the key as
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Table 17:NAS logframe indicators ne
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IndicatorObjective 1a: Positive and
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IndicatorObjective 1a: Positive and
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6.2 Proposed StrEA performance indi
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Indicator Measurement ObservationsL
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Indicator Measurement ObservationsR
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7.1 Addressing High Priority aspect
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RECOMMENDATION INVOLVED INSTITUTION
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H. REGULATION OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSI
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NAS Area Description Proposed measu
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NAS Area Description Proposed measu
Page 145 and 146: NAS Area Description Proposed measu
Page 147 and 148: NAS Area Description Proposed measu
Page 149 and 150: Figure 29:Environmental and socio-e
Page 151 and 152: NAS ACTIONSWater balanceCont. of gr
Page 153 and 154: NAS ACTIONSWater balanceCont. of gr
Page 155 and 156: Annex 3: Key stakeholdersTable 19:M
Page 157 and 158: Institutional ActorMinistry of Natu
Page 159 and 160: Institutional ActorSwaziland SugarA
Page 161 and 162: Institutional ActorDepartment of Wa
Page 163 and 164: Table 20:Other key stakeholders rel
Page 165 and 166: StakeholderRiver BasinAuthorities (
Page 167 and 168: StakeholderWorld VisionWorld FoodPr
Page 169 and 170: Annex 4: Main policy documents and
Page 171 and 172: Policy, Plan orProgrammeNational Re
Page 173 and 174: Policy, Plan orProgrammeComprehensi
Page 175 and 176: Policy, Plan orProgrammeNational En
Page 177 and 178: Policy, Plan orProgrammeDraft Natio
Page 179 and 180: Piece of legislationNational TrustC
Page 181 and 182: Piece of legislationThe Public Heal
Page 183 and 184: Piece of legislationTreaty on devel
Page 185 and 186: Piece of legislationUnited NationsF
Page 187 and 188: Annex 5: Stakeholder engagement met
Page 189 and 190: Date Time Place Name Organisation P
Page 191 and 192: StrEA STUDY PHASEDate Time Place Na
Page 193 and 194: Annex 7: List of participants to th
Page 195: Annex 8: Agenda for the stakeholder
Page 199 and 200: Matsebula, M (2009) EC Accompanying
Page 201 and 202: Seebaluck, V.; Leal, MRLV; Rosillo-
Page 203 and 204: Annex 10: Terms of ReferenceTERMS O
Page 205 and 206: 2.2. Requested services for the fir
Page 207 and 208: under consideration. The consultant
Page 209 and 210: 2.5.4. Analysis of performance indi
Page 211 and 212: • Fluency in both written and spo
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