Service Contract No 2007 / 147-446 Strategic ... - Swaziland

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Annex 2. Leopold-type matricesFigure 28:Environmental and socio-economic impacts of the sugar industry in generalSUGAR INDUSTRYWater balanceCont. groundwaterCont. surface waterSoil salinisationSoil erosionSoil compactionOther soil charact.Field operationsLand preparationPlantingManual harvestingCane burningMechanised harvestingUse of organic fertilisersUse of inorganic fertilisersUse of other agrochemicalsSurface water abstractionIrrigation – FurrowIrrigation – Centre-pivotIrrigation – DripTransport of caneSugar factoriesDisposal of effluentFilter cake disposalDisposal of molassesBoiler and fly ash disposalBoiler emissionsBurning of bagasse/ trashBurning of carbonCo-generation(-) low significance; (-) medium significance; (-) high significance; (+) low significance; (+) medium significance; (+) high significanceAmbient air qualityGHG emissionsProtected areasDeforestationBiodiversityTerrestrial flora + faunaWetland systemsLandscapeHIV/AIDSMalariaRespiratory diseaseOther health factorsFood securityEnergy efficiencySocial conflictEmploymentSocial servicesRural infrastructureGenderRDMU (<strong>Strategic</strong> Environmental Assessment of the National Adaptation Strategy) - Page 134
Figure 29:Environmental and socio-economic impacts associated to NAS actionsNAS ACTIONSWater balanceCont. of groundwaterCont. of surface waterSoil salinisationSoil erosionSoil compactionOther soil characteristicsAmbient air qualityGHG emissionsProtected areasDeforestationBiodiversityTerrestrial flora + faunaWetland systemsLandscapeHIV/AIDSMalariaRespiratory diseaseOther human health factorsFood securityEnergy efficiencySocial conflictEmploymentSocial servicesRural infrastructureGenderCompetitiveness1. Programmes for raising sucrose content;streamline cane delivery; reduce costs: fieldlevel, harvesting, haulage, loading, irrigation2. Explore use of alternative forms of energy3. Improve and expand system of tarmacroads in the Lowveld4. Improve Maputo freight handling facilities5. Expand bagging capacity6. Expand refining capacity7. Reduce cost of public utilities and improvetheir efficiency8. Support research and developmentinitiativesTrade policy dimension and active pursuit of premium markets9. Extend TDCA provisions to all SACU area;modify/develop regional demand forregionally produced sugar10. Maintain (where possible expand)preferential access to regional markets;preserve value of SACU market11. Ensure good transition arrangement tosecure continued preferences on vol sales toEU, seek increased access of SZ sugar to EUand other preferential marketsRDMU (<strong>Strategic</strong> Environmental Assessment of the National Adaptation Strategy) - Page 135
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Restructuring and DiversificationMa
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DISCLAIMERThe contents of this repo
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5.7.2 Expected impacts in absence o
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
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HIVHPIIAIAIDIPCCIPPISOITFIWRMJWCKDD
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PSIRBARDMUREASWARMFRPDPRSARSSCSS&MS
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UNEPUNFCCCUNICEFUNISWAUSUS$VACVCTWF
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1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARYSwaziland has be
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- In spite of the above water-stora
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to keep the same quality), destruct
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ooooMust be based on a basin-wide h
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ooooMust address the socio-economic
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- Optimal use should be made of thi
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2 BACKGROUND2.1 The EU sugar reform
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eing implemented directly by the in
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for implementation. For future StrE
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operating in Swaziland, one in Simu
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4.2 Climate and climate changeSwazi
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4.4 Land and land tenureLand tenure
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Most of the water in Swaziland (96%
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−−−Decline in biodiversity (m
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Figure 6: Cause-effect relationship
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Figure 8:Cause-effect relationships
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Figure 10:Cause-effect relationship
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economic and social welfare in an e
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5.2.1.3 Water usage and demand in S
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Table 7:Capacity, use, types and ch
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5.2.1.5 The Komati Downstream Devel
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Table 8: Industry area (ha) by irri
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5.2.2 Expected impacts in absence o
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ipening period. Presence of pests a
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5.2.2.5 Effects of future water sho
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As was noted in the scoping report,
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contribute to poverty alleviation.
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sufficient to cover all the farmers
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which revealed that 66% of the popu
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funds, and they then have to mark u
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contracts; in practical terms there
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The United Nations Conference on Tr
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safety net would alleviate fears ar
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Table 11:Species diversity by ecosy
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Figure 19:Distribution of endemic p
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mostly on paper, are not cross-sect
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particularly true where mitigation
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Enforcement of legislation is key t
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In general, however, the HIV preval
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The HAPAC Programme applied two imp
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The company implements an HIV/AIDS
Page 97 and 98: improving co-ordination; to have a
Page 99 and 100: measures of the NAS, the RDMU indic
Page 101 and 102: sustainable business. Based on ISO
Page 103 and 104: Table 15:Synthesis of advantages an
Page 105 and 106: Considering an approximate total of
Page 107 and 108: Many factors intervene in determini
Page 109 and 110: The legal responsibilities for the
Page 111 and 112: 5.8 Key aspect 7: Regulation of eff
Page 113 and 114: effluent standards. Otherwise there
Page 115 and 116: 5.9.4 Options to address the key as
Page 117 and 118: Table 17:NAS logframe indicators ne
Page 119 and 120: IndicatorObjective 1a: Positive and
Page 121 and 122: IndicatorObjective 1a: Positive and
Page 123 and 124: 6.2 Proposed StrEA performance indi
Page 125 and 126: Indicator Measurement ObservationsL
Page 127 and 128: Indicator Measurement ObservationsR
Page 129 and 130: 7.1 Addressing High Priority aspect
Page 131 and 132: RECOMMENDATION INVOLVED INSTITUTION
Page 137 and 138: H. REGULATION OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSI
Page 141 and 142: NAS Area Description Proposed measu
Page 147: NAS Area Description Proposed measu
Page 151 and 152: NAS ACTIONSWater balanceCont. of gr
Page 153 and 154: NAS ACTIONSWater balanceCont. of gr
Page 155 and 156: Annex 3: Key stakeholdersTable 19:M
Page 157 and 158: Institutional ActorMinistry of Natu
Page 159 and 160: Institutional ActorSwaziland SugarA
Page 161 and 162: Institutional ActorDepartment of Wa
Page 163 and 164: Table 20:Other key stakeholders rel
Page 165 and 166: StakeholderRiver BasinAuthorities (
Page 167 and 168: StakeholderWorld VisionWorld FoodPr
Page 169 and 170: Annex 4: Main policy documents and
Page 171 and 172: Policy, Plan orProgrammeNational Re
Page 173 and 174: Policy, Plan orProgrammeComprehensi
Page 175 and 176: Policy, Plan orProgrammeNational En
Page 177 and 178: Policy, Plan orProgrammeDraft Natio
Page 179 and 180: Piece of legislationNational TrustC
Page 181 and 182: Piece of legislationThe Public Heal
Page 183 and 184: Piece of legislationTreaty on devel
Page 185 and 186: Piece of legislationUnited NationsF
Page 187 and 188: Annex 5: Stakeholder engagement met
Page 189 and 190: Date Time Place Name Organisation P
Page 191 and 192: StrEA STUDY PHASEDate Time Place Na
Page 193 and 194: Annex 7: List of participants to th
Page 195 and 196: Annex 8: Agenda for the stakeholder
Page 197 and 198: Cortez, LAB and Brossard Pérez, LE
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Matsebula, M (2009) EC Accompanying
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Seebaluck, V.; Leal, MRLV; Rosillo-
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Annex 10: Terms of ReferenceTERMS O
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2.2. Requested services for the fir
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under consideration. The consultant
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2.5.4. Analysis of performance indi
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• Fluency in both written and spo
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Service Contract No 2007 / 147-446 Strategic ... - Swaziland

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