44 3. Ir<strong>radiation</strong> Facilityferent reactions were used <strong>in</strong> the neutron spectrum measurement at channel F19. Theywere 197 Au(n,), 197 Au(n,)+Cd, 115 In(n,n'), 115 In(n,)+Cd, 27 Al(n,), 58 Fe(n,)+Cd,63Cu(n,)+Cd, 63 Cu(n,), 59 Co(n,) and 59 Co(n,p) [43]. The result<strong>in</strong>g spectrum is shown<strong>in</strong> gure 3.8.Both simulation and measurement datawere used to determ<strong>in</strong>e the value <strong>for</strong> thisir<strong>radiation</strong> site. The same energy cuts were used as <strong>in</strong> the case <strong>of</strong> ir<strong>radiation</strong> chamber,i.e. 0.1 - 15 MeV. The <strong>damage</strong> functions <strong>of</strong> Ougouag [27] and Gr<strong>in</strong> [44] were used todeterm<strong>in</strong>e the value on measured data: OugouagF 19=0:90 (3.4) Griff<strong>in</strong>F 19=0:90 : (3.5)Due to good agreement <strong>of</strong> both calculations only the Ougouag <strong>damage</strong> function was usedwith the simulated spectrum simF 19=0:93 : (3.6)From these results, the value <strong>for</strong> ir<strong>radiation</strong> site F19 was determ<strong>in</strong>ed to be F 19 =0:90 0:03 (3.7)with error conservatively estimated from the dierence between values 3.4 and 3.6.To determ<strong>in</strong>e the contribution <strong>of</strong> neutrons with energy below 0.1 MeV, calculationswith<strong>in</strong> wider energy ranges were also per<strong>for</strong>med. They showed that neutrons with energybelow 0.1 MeV contribute an additional 1.5% to NIEL <strong>damage</strong>. Thus to determ<strong>in</strong>eneutron uence, equivalent to 1MeV neutrons (eq. 2.49) the follow<strong>in</strong>g equation was usedthroughout this work F 19eq = F 19 (1 + 0:015) (E > 0:1MeV) : (3.8)The dosimetry <strong>in</strong> the ir<strong>radiation</strong> channel was per<strong>for</strong>med us<strong>in</strong>g Au activation (thermalneutron capture, decay time 2.7 days). S<strong>in</strong>ce this was also one <strong>of</strong> the foils used todeterm<strong>in</strong>e the neutron spectrum it was possible to make a calibration <strong>of</strong> Au foil activationto ux above 0.1 MeV. The saturated activity <strong>for</strong> the reaction 197 Au(n,) <strong>of</strong>4:8 10 ;10 Bqper 197 Au atom was determ<strong>in</strong>ed to correspond to fast neutron ux <strong>of</strong> 1:8 10 12 n/cm 2 s.The systematic error <strong>of</strong> the method was estimated to about 15%.This method is <strong>high</strong>ly sensitive to changes <strong>of</strong> the spectrum s<strong>in</strong>ce Au activation issensitive to slow neutrons. There<strong>for</strong>e uence measurements <strong>for</strong> ir<strong>radiation</strong>s per<strong>for</strong>med
3. Ir<strong>radiation</strong> Facility 45Figure 3.9: Flux <strong>of</strong> fast neutrons (E > 0.1 MeV) divided by reactor power versus the reactorpower. The constant value <strong>of</strong> this ratio conrms the validity <strong>of</strong> the assumption that the neutronux scales l<strong>in</strong>early with the reactor power. The scatter<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> measurements (RMS=3%) is with<strong>in</strong>the error <strong>of</strong> the ux measurements.after April 1998 are less reliable s<strong>in</strong>ce the reactor core was go<strong>in</strong>g through a set <strong>of</strong> changesthat mayhave aected the spectrum. For that reason a new measurement <strong>of</strong> the spectrumis planned after the new core conguration is set.The homogeneity <strong>of</strong> the neutron eld was determ<strong>in</strong>ed by a separate measurement[43]. At the ir<strong>radiation</strong> spot F19, the radial gradient was measured to be about 4%/cmand the vertical gradient about 1%/cm. S<strong>in</strong>ce the dosimetry foil was attached to the wall<strong>of</strong> the cyl<strong>in</strong>der with rotational freedom, it <strong>in</strong>duced an additional error <strong>of</strong> about 5% to theuence measurement 22 .As already mentioned ir<strong>radiation</strong>s at the F19 channel were per<strong>for</strong>med at dierentreactor powers, thus vary<strong>in</strong>g the neutron ux. It is expected that the neutron ux scalesl<strong>in</strong>early with power. As can be seen <strong>in</strong> gure 3.9, measurements agree well with thisexpectation with 7:5 10 9 n/kWcm 2 s <strong>of</strong> fast neutrons (6:8 10 9 n/kWcm 2 s <strong>of</strong> 1 MeVneutron equivalent).22The radius <strong>of</strong> the ir<strong>radiation</strong> cyl<strong>in</strong>der was 1.3 cm.