TRADOC Pam 525-3-7-01 - TRADOC - U.S. Army
TRADOC Pam 525-3-7-01 - TRADOC - U.S. Army TRADOC Pam 525-3-7-01 - TRADOC - U.S. Army
TRADOC Pam 525-3-7-01Every war is going to astonishyou in the way it occurred, andin the way it is carried out.Dwight D. EisenhowerThe U.S. Army is unlikely to face future opponents ofits own choosing who are willing to test America’sstrengths. Inferiority in military power is unlikely to deterfuture adversaries. The global diffusion of technologyoffers opponents the opportunities to acquire alternative lowcost weapons or develop military applications ofcommercial technology. This may be used to attack theU.S. asymmetrically and, in fact, there is a logic and economy in the idea that low costtechniques and tactics against enemies that attempt to counter with high cost methods. Theproliferation and rapid turnover of information technology (IT) may not allow any combatant toacquire information dominance—a critical objective of U.S. transformation efforts.While unable to rule out conflict with western peer nations, the most likely future clashes willbe against opponents that will approach warfarefrom radically different perspectives that do not Neither a nation nor an army is aconform to U.S. or Western practices. They mechanical contrivance, but a living thing,will view American moral, political, and built of flesh and blood and not of iron andcultural values as vulnerabilities to exploit. steel. . . .The more mechanical become theFuture conflict will remain savage and bloody weapons with which we fight, the lesswith potential horrific attacks on the U.S. and its mechanical must be the spirit whichallies. The Army will face an unconstrained controls them.enemy empowered rather than limited bytechnology. Such adversaries’ objectives wouldnot be to destroy or defeat U.S. or alliedJ.F.C. FullerGeneralship: Its Diseases and Their Cureformations by force of arms, but to shatter political and popular will to continue protractedconflict.Future conflict therefore is likely to usher in another era of small “savage wars of peace.”Rather than retreat, the U.S. and its military forces, often with allies and other interested nations,will remain engaged in complexpower struggles worldwide in orderto protect national interests. ForArmy forces, a strategy ofengagement places a greaterpremium on understanding thehuman dimension.The Art of WarWhile there have been recentand profound changes in the waysand means to conduct war, itsessence will not change. Conflictwill remain complex and chaotic,and human frailties and irrationalitywill continue to characterize war’s14
TRADOC Pam 525-3-7-01nature. Just as in the past, the root causes of future conflicts will arise from fear, hatred, greed,honor, and ambition. The human dimension of war defies simple logic. For that reason,understanding as much as possible about this dimension becomes critical to influencing andachieving favorable outcomes in future conflicts.War will continue to be primarily a contest of opposing wills. Ambiguity, danger, physicalexertion, friction, and chance, constitute the “climate of war” which contribute to the “fog ofwar” with which commanders must contend in future operations. Technology, intelligence, andoperational design can reduce uncertainty; however, commanders still must make decisions basedon incomplete, inaccurate, or contradictory information. These factors will continue to play apredominant role in the environment of future full spectrum operations.The Face of BattleThe information age is already radically changing the conduct of war. There are no “silverbullets” guaranteeing low cost, military solutions to every complex political or strategic problem.There is also the danger that technological solutions address situations military planners prefer tosolve rather than those they are likely to face from cunning or lucky opponents. Contemporarydevelopments integrated into the Army’s transformation program will provide a major leap incapabilities that will be hugely significant in future operations, but, rather than a break with thepast, technological change is simply occurring at a faster rate. 4 History demonstrates thatsocieties have always raced to discover and apply new technologies. Transformation efforts willbe increasingly useful, even necessary, but insufficient by themselves. Army doctrine correctlyrecognizes that warfare remains a test of the human qualities of Soldiers: their will, courage, andskill.1-6. Essence of Army Service and Being a Professional SoldierThe Role and Purpose of the ArmyThe Army consists of the activeArmy and two reserve components,the National Guard and ArmyReserve, and Army civilians. Whilethe Constitution assumed theexistence of a militia, Congress callsthe Army into being underauthorities of Article I, Section 8 ofthe Constitution, “To raise andsupport Armies” and, “To makeRules for the Government andRegulation of the land and navalforces.” The Constitution alsoempowers the Congress “To providefor the calling forth of the Militia toexecute the laws of the Union,15
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<strong>TRADOC</strong> <strong>Pam</strong> <strong>525</strong>-3-7-<strong>01</strong>nature. Just as in the past, the root causes of future conflicts will arise from fear, hatred, greed,honor, and ambition. The human dimension of war defies simple logic. For that reason,understanding as much as possible about this dimension becomes critical to influencing andachieving favorable outcomes in future conflicts.War will continue to be primarily a contest of opposing wills. Ambiguity, danger, physicalexertion, friction, and chance, constitute the “climate of war” which contribute to the “fog ofwar” with which commanders must contend in future operations. Technology, intelligence, andoperational design can reduce uncertainty; however, commanders still must make decisions basedon incomplete, inaccurate, or contradictory information. These factors will continue to play apredominant role in the environment of future full spectrum operations.The Face of BattleThe information age is already radically changing the conduct of war. There are no “silverbullets” guaranteeing low cost, military solutions to every complex political or strategic problem.There is also the danger that technological solutions address situations military planners prefer tosolve rather than those they are likely to face from cunning or lucky opponents. Contemporarydevelopments integrated into the <strong>Army</strong>’s transformation program will provide a major leap incapabilities that will be hugely significant in future operations, but, rather than a break with thepast, technological change is simply occurring at a faster rate. 4 History demonstrates thatsocieties have always raced to discover and apply new technologies. Transformation efforts willbe increasingly useful, even necessary, but insufficient by themselves. <strong>Army</strong> doctrine correctlyrecognizes that warfare remains a test of the human qualities of Soldiers: their will, courage, andskill.1-6. Essence of <strong>Army</strong> Service and Being a Professional SoldierThe Role and Purpose of the <strong>Army</strong>The <strong>Army</strong> consists of the active<strong>Army</strong> and two reserve components,the National Guard and <strong>Army</strong>Reserve, and <strong>Army</strong> civilians. Whilethe Constitution assumed theexistence of a militia, Congress callsthe <strong>Army</strong> into being underauthorities of Article I, Section 8 ofthe Constitution, “To raise andsupport Armies” and, “To makeRules for the Government andRegulation of the land and navalforces.” The Constitution alsoempowers the Congress “To providefor the calling forth of the Militia toexecute the laws of the Union,15