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as I was, and rigorous as was the weather, butfor the blanket I must have perished. At noonour party was all collected, the prisoners allembarked, and we steered for the Isles duCastor 56 in Lake Michigan.56The Beaver Islands in northern Lake Michigan,almost due west of Mackinac. They are chiefly notablein history as the seat of the Mormon kingdom ofSt. James, founded about 1850 by James Jesse Strang.Big Beaver Island, some twelve or fifteen miles long,has at its northern end an excellent harbor, long knownto the sailors by the name of Paradise Bay. HereStrang established his capital, named in his honor,St. James. Around the islands are today the best fishinggrounds on Lake Michigan; and St. James, a villageof several hundred people, is chiefly supported by thisindustry. Editor.94
THE JOURNEY TO BEAVER ISLANDF | ^HE soldierwho was our companion inmisfortune was made fast to a bar of thecanoe by a rope tied round his neck, as isthe manner of the Indians in transportingtheir prisoners. The rest were left unconfined;but a paddle was put into each of our handsand we were made to use it. The Indians inthe canoe were seven in number, the prisonersfour. I had left, as it will be recollected,Major Etherington, Lieutenant Lesslie, andMr. Bostwick at M. Langlade's, and was nowjoined in misery with Mr. Ezekiel Solomons,the soldier, and the Englishman who had newlyarrived from Detroit. This was on the sixthday of June. The fort was taken on the fourth;I surrendered myself to Wenniway on thefifth; and this was the third day of our distress.We were bound, as I have said, for the Islesdu Castor which lie in the mouth of LakeMichigan; and we should have crossed the lake,but that a thick fog came on, on account ofwhich the Indians deemed it safer to keep theshore close under their lee. We therefore approachedthe lands of the Ottawa and theirvillage of L'Arbre Croche already mentionedas lying about twenty miles to the westward of95
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Alexander Henry'sTravels and Advent
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ClassicsAlexander Henry'sTravels an
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'prefacenity to earn high wages in
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'prefacetruce in a perpetual warfar
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Content^PAGE19. Return to Mackinac
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SJnttotiurtfottis the year of our L
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Jî^toricalhis boats being wrecked
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^ntrotwctionand paid one or more vi
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^ntrotiuctioncorrection in various
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Details aside, the most important a
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lîgtoricalas the desert of Sahara,
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TRAVELSAND ADVENTURESINCANADAANDTHE
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ToThe Right HonourableSIR JOSEPH BA
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prefaceIndians, nor any theory of t
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EMBARKING UPON THE FUR TRADEwhen th
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anti3ltibcnturcAt this time, having
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only so much clothing as I had fort
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anfchad made his discovery, recomme
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Crafcrig antithe atmosphere grown m
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anfrhe uniformly fulfilled with hon
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THE VOYAGE TO MACKINACinland naviga
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ant!described will sufficiently exp
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Cratoelg an&and pursued our course
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anfcwide, and which falls into the
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anfcAt twelve miles from the second
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anfcseveral families upon whom they
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auto&tifccntureOn the morning of th
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Chapter 3ARRIVAL AT MACEJNACOUR cou
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an&assistance of an Indian we took
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anfcmouth of the river a meadow, ca
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antientered and assimilating myself
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anfc3ttitoenturewhich we passed the
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Chapter 4RECEPTION AT MACKINACEAVIN
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anfcand from Montreal. Michilimacki
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Page 89 and 90: anti"Englishman, your king has neve
Page 91 and 92: Cratoelg attfcthem into Lake Michig
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Page 95 and 96: atoelganfcEarly the next morning a
Page 97 and 98: Cratoelg anti&&toetttitrethe St. Jo
Page 99 and 100: anfcThe sociable disposition of the
Page 101 and 102: antithe ice by the end of a pole. A
Page 103 and 104: A VISIT TO SAULT STE. MARIEdesirous
Page 105 and 106: Cratoelg anbwhich are found here du
Page 107 and 108: DESTRUCTION OF THE FORT AND RETURN
Page 109 and 110: anfcThe commandant and all the rest
Page 111 and 112: Cratoelg anb 2tiitocnturchere to ou
Page 113 and 114: anfcThe lands between the Bay of Bo
Page 115 and 116: ant*there till after my clerks shou
Page 117 and 118: Crafcelg and&Dtornturc$four in numb
Page 119 and 120: antihe had just returned from his w
Page 121 and 122: antiments, of which I had a large q
Page 123 and 124: anfcthere being a canoe prepared to
Page 125 and 126: antithere was only a low fence, ove
Page 127 and 128: anfcwere in the house. M. Langlade
Page 129 and 130: and &&toenturegtaken, they returned
Page 131 and 132: Cratoelg anti&trtmtturcis?upon as m
Page 133 and 134: anfcfears on this subject to M. Lan
Page 135 and 136: antitobenturc$his grasp. This was n
Page 137: morning, being again called down, I
Page 141 and 142: anfcpurpose of saving our lives, th
Page 143 and 144: attfcI was left untied; but I passe
Page 145 and 146: 12RESCUED BY WAWATAMAT hour elapsed
Page 147 and 148: Cratoelg anfcand the consequences w
Page 149 and 150: anfcAfter an absence of about half
Page 151 and 152: Cljaptct; 13THE ADVENTURE OF THE BO
Page 153 and 154: All the Indian canoes were immediat
Page 155 and 156: Cratodg anfcsound of a foot reached
Page 157 and 158: A FEW.chapter,mTHE ARTS OF THE MEDI
Page 159 and 160: anfcwas all that I seemed destined
Page 161 and 162: anfcthe ground, and inhaling the ni
Page 163 and 164: anUUpon its disappearance he began
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Page 167 and 168: Chapter isREMOVAL TO THE AU SABLEOU
Page 169 and 170: antito which we were bound. They ar
Page 171 and 172: in procuring food. At two years old
Page 173 and 174: antiSlfctoenturegraccoon he gives n
Page 175 and 176: atifcThe master of the family was t
Page 177 and 178: antitracks of animals in momentary
Page 179 and 180: attfcgun and ammunition, and was th
Page 181 and 182: Chapter 17A BEAR HUNTfTAHE sun was
Page 183 and 184: anfr%frtenturcgdown. This day's wor
Page 185 and 186: Crabclg anfr%frbenturcgremaining th
Page 187 and 188: Chapter isDEATH OF A CHILDOUR venis
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andit remained till we went to the
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isRETURN TO MACKINACwe remained on
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anfcthe satisfaction of learning th
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Crafccitf att& tiftcnturrIndians to
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20FLIGHT TO THE SAULTUNABLE, theref
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anfr%frfrcnturegnation; and she was
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anfr%frfrenturegfrom Michilimackina
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antihis ambassador, and tellyou tha
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Chapter 21INVOKING THE GREAT TURTLE
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anfcwere heard, in which a diversit
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anfcand every man will return in sa
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Chapter 22VOYAGE TO FORT NIAGARAthe
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antialong the ground in visible goo
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design to put him to death. He assu
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andand encamped, in the evening, fo
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Crafcdg anfcarriving at Detroit, to
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Cratoelg anfcmilitary discipline ac
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anfcOn the day following that of th
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PART TWO.LAKE SUPERIOR AND THE CANA
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J^cnrpat six shillings each; marten
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&lejtanberwound which he received f
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clothing left among them. Under the
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'The Chippewa of Chagouemig are a h
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9its former possessors ;but it is n
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lake. On his receiving my consent,
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hundred strong and that on the four
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IFAMINE AT THE SAULTPASSED the wint
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crime of which he was accused. From
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meal 'sprovision for each person. H
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Great Hare are as varied as his nam
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Siejcanbernation I have already had
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the quantity of water everywhere ex
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left naked, and the birds had fled
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first evening, reckoning upon a pro
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At night we reached the Sault. Our
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Jjjenrpblown upon the former by a s
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same time laying the keel of a sloo
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.Ahave been produced by the damming
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eached in eighteen hours, with a fa
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which to the last had daily present
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dint of labor performed between the
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&iejcantierlying between Lake Super
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almost entirely of rock. The larges
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principally in birch, pine, spruce,
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SUcjranfcerJênrpChippewa of fifty
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are not large enough to carry provi
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Iênrpof the Winipegon are still fu
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above the ear; and this roll, like
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another dialect of the same. In the
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severe gale, from the dangers of wh
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twenty-fifth, by which time the sma
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there was in the French time a fort
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that if we passed now he could put
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landers from the Orkney Islands, an
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was frozen over. Happily we were no
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aicranbcrmercury contracted one-eig
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fashion. Our clothing for night and
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a foot of snow had fallen upon our
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chocolate would keep us alive for f
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This day, the twenty-fifth, we foun
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The Plains cross the River Pasquaya
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Chapter nA JOURNEY ON THE PLAINSdep
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left our encampment at an early hou
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the great chief of the nation, whos
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mile and a half long. Shortly after
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followed him accordingly, and he ca
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that of the Indians in general. His
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custom of the Indians, who say that
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lljenrpthe dried meat and skins of
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INChapter 13CUSTOMS OF THE RED MENt
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ack by shaking skins before their e
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Pasquayah, or Sasca,tchiwaine, and
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Many travelers have described the m
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SUejtanberispoured upon a red-hot s
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inventory of what is supposed to be
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principal chiefs, whose tent was ne
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Chapter 14THE RETURN TO FORT DES PR
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tents. We were not long arrived bef
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that important utensil, the kettle.
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A stroud blanket10 beaver skinsA wh
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quantity of fish diminished, insomu
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threegood health and had built a ho
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Nothing human had hitherto discover
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to enter our house during all the n
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The women were dirty,these people o
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By means of these commodities many
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t)cnrpwere lately from the Grand Po
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ABITIBI Lake, route by, 228.Abitibi
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Boutchitaouy Bay, arm of Lake Huron
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Cocking, Matthew, explorations of,
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Frobisher, Benjamin, memorial on No
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life, 129; lost, 132-37; bear hunt,
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Les Cedres, Henry visits, n.Leslie,
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Mosquitoes, on Matawan River, 29; a
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Plains, of Saskatchewan, extent, 25
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Saskatchewan (Bourbon, Pasquayah) R
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Venison, method of drying, 132; qua
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..I 1 ',&.
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