Typography Worksheet

orphanA single word or short line that appears at the beginning of a column or page.Explain the difference between a widow and an orphan.Widow: A short line at the end of a paragraph or column.Orphan: A single word or short line at the beginning of a column or page.alignmentLining up (or not) the edges of text.Name the 4 most common types of alignments.Left justified (ragged right)Right justified (ragged left)CenteredJustifiedLeft justified (ragged right)Can also be called “flush left”Minisi. Uptat. Ut alit nit nonvullaoreet, quat vullan etue consectemincilla con eui blandiat prat ut nosnis dionsenit alit lut lobortie corerodoloreet nissi.Im esectem zzriusciduntlortisi tem quisciduipit in utem eafacil eumsandre ming erosto dolenibhCenteredMinisi. Uptat. Ut alit nit nonvullaoreet, quat vullan etue consectemincilla con eui blandiat prat ut nosnis dionsenit alit lut lobortie corerodoloreet nissi.Im esectem zzriusciduntlortisi tem quisciduipit in utem eafacil eumsandre ming erosto dolenibhex erostisim zzrit wis nulla facipit,Right justified (ragged left)Can also be called “flush right”Minisi. Uptat. Ut alit nit nonvullaoreet, quat vullan etue consectemincilla con eui blandiat prat ut nosnis dionsenit alit lut lobortie corerodoloreet nissi.Im esectem zzriusciduntlortisi tem quisciduipit in utem eafacil eumsandre ming erosto dolenibhJustifiedMinisi. Uptat. Ut alit nit non vullaoreet,quat vullan etue consecte mincilla coneui blandiat prat ut nos nis dionsenitalit lut lobortie corero doloreet nissi.Im esectem zzriuscidunt lortisi temquisciduipit in utem ea facil eumsandreming erosto dolenibh ex erostisimzzrit wis nulla facipit, siscidunt iustoWhich one is most easily read?Left justified (ragged right)

What is a river in typography?Artificial word spacing – exaggerated white space between wordsHow do you think a river can be avoided?Keep columns from being too narrowDon’t “force justify”What size of type is considered “body text?”Sizes below 14 pointWhat size of type is considered “display size?”Sizes above 14 point (used for headlines – main and sub)Name 3 things that contribute to readability. Explain why each is important.Letterspacing: Words aren’t read, they’re recognizedWord spacing: Establishes a rhythm, a pace at which the viewer readsLine spacing: Too close – lines run together; too far apart – viewers’ eyeshave to “jump” to the next lineLine breaks: Widows, orphansLine length: Too long and eyes tend to “jump” lines;lines that are too short can end up with only one or two wordsTypeface: Some fonts are difficult to read.If people have difficulty reading something, they will probably lose interest!Type style: NO CAPS!Bold and Italics are best used for emphasis - not large blocks of text;Condensed or expanded letters are difficult to read(the word shapes - how they are recognized - tend to change);Weight – Too light - hard to see; too bold - too much contrastColor: Should enhance communication and expression

How do readers normally view a layed out page?Biggest elements first (headlines or titles)Second: Subheads or pull quotesThird: CaptionsLast: Text typeWhat are 3 type styles / treatments that are difficult to read? Why?(See “Name 3 things that contribute to readability”)Proofreaders’ MarksExplain the proofreaders’ mark in each of the numbered items.1) Indent; make a new paragraph here2) Transpose the letters to read “be”3) Insert the word “of” right here4) Change the capital “G” to a lowercase “g”5) Insert a period here6) Close up this space7) Take out the circled letter8) Insert space between those two words9) Let it stand (editor changed her mind)10) Don’t abbreviate – spell out the word❶❷The practice of typography, if it eb followedfaithfully, is hard work — full of detail, fullpetty restrictions full of drudgery, and not❹ Greatly reworded as rewards are now countedThere are times when we need to bringto it, all the history and art and feeling that wcan, to make it bearable.But in the lighy of history art,knowledge and of humans achievement, it is❻as interesting a work as exists — a broad and❼ ❽hummanizingemployment which can indeedbe followed merely as a trade, but whichif perfected into an art, or even broadened❾into a profession, will perpetually open newhorizons to eyes our and opp. to our hands.❿❸❺