Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000

U.S. Department of JusticeOffice of Justice ProgramsBureau of Justice StatisticsBulletinCensus of State and LocalOctober 2002, NCJ 194066Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000By Brian A. Reaves, Ph.D.and Matthew J. HickmanBJS StatisticiansAs of June 2000, State and localgovernments in the United Statesoperated 17,784 full-time law enforcementagencies — those that employedat least one full-time sworn officer withgeneral arrest powers or the equivalentin part-time officers.The total included 12,666 generalpurpose local police departments,3,070 sheriffs' offices, the 49 primaryState law enforcement agencies, 1,376State and local agencies with a specialgeographic jurisdiction or specialenforcement responsibilities, and 623county constable offices in Texas.Overall, these State and local lawenforcement agencies employed1,019,496 persons on a full-time basis.This total included 708,022 full-timesworn personnel (69%) and 311,474nonsworn (or civilian) personnel (31%).These agencies also had about 99,000part-time employees, including nearly43,000 part-time sworn personnel.These findings resulted from the 2000Census of State and Local LawEnforcement Agencies, sponsored bythe Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS)and the Office of Community OrientedPolicing Services (COPS).HighlightsAs of June 2000, State and local law enforcement agencies had more than1 million full-time employees, including about 708,000 sworn personnelType of agencyLocal policeSheriffPrimary StateOther• As of June 2000, nearly 18,000 Stateand local agencies employed theequivalent of at least 1 full-time swornofficer with general arrest powers.These agencies had more than 1million full-time employees.• State and local agencies had708,022 full-time sworn personnel and311,474 full-time civilian employeesin 2000, compared to 663,535 swornand 258,443 nonsworn in 1996, and608,113 and 238,388 in 1992.• In 2000, State and local agenciesemployed more than 425,000uniformed officers whose regularlyassigned duties included respondingto calls for service. More than131,000 sworn personnel were designatedas community policing officers.SwornTotal0 150,000 300,000 450,000 600,000Number of full-time employees• About 15% of sworn personnelprimarily handled criminal investigations.About 6% primarily performedjail-related duties, and 5% handledcourt-related duties such as providingcourt security or serving civil process.• Seventy-seven agencies employed1,000 or more sworn personnel. Thisincluded 47 local police departments,17 State police or highway patrolagencies, 12 sheriffs' offices, and1 special jurisdiction police agency.• The largest agency, the New YorkCity Police Department, had 40,435full-time sworn personnel as of June2000. The largest sheriff’s office,in Los Angeles County, had 8,468officers, and the largest State agency,the California Highway Patrol, 6,678.

The BJS Census of State and LocalLaw Enforcement AgenciesTo ensure an accurate sampling framefor its Law Enforcement Managementand Administrative Statistics (LEMAS)survey, BJS periodically sponsors acensus of State and local law enforcementagencies. The 2000 censusincluded State and local agenciesemploying the equivalent of least onefull-time officer with general arrestpowers. This report summarizes thefindings of the census, which wasco-sponsored by COPS.As in 1992 and 1996, the 2000 censuscollected data on the number of swornand nonsworn personnel, includingboth full-time and part-time employees.Data were collected from agencies thatemployed at least one sworn officer orthe part-time equivalent at the time ofthe census. The reference period forall data is the pay period that includedJune 30, 2000.Type ofagencyTotalLocal policeSheriffPrimary StateSpecial jurisdictionTexas constableState and local lawenforcement agenciesNumber of full-time Stateand local law enforcementagencies, June 200017,78412,6663,070491,376623By type of agency, general purposelocal police departments were thelargest employer with 565,915 full-timeemployees as of June 2000 (table 1).Of this total, 440,920, or 78%, weresworn personnel with general arrestpowers. Sheriffs' offices accounted for293,823 full-time employees, of which164,711 (56%) were sworn officers.Table 1. Employment by State and local law enforcement agencies,by type of agency and employee, June 2000Type ofagencyNumber of employeesTotalLocal policeSheriffPrimary StateSpecial jurisdictionTexas constablePercent of employeesTotalLocal policeSheriffPrimary StateSpecial jurisdictionTexas constableTotal1,019,496565,915293,82387,02869,6503,080100%100%100100100100708,022440,920164,71156,34843,4132,63069.4%77.9%56.164.762.385.4Agencies with a special geographicjurisdiction or special enforcementresponsibilities employed 43,413 fulltimesworn personnel and had 69,650full-time employees overall. (See table14 for types of special jurisdictions).From June 1996 to June 2000, thenumber of full-time State and local lawenforcement employees in the UnitedStates increased about 97,500, or10.6% (figure 1). The number of fulltimesworn personnel was up about44,500, an increase of 6.7%. Civilianemployment rose 53,000, or 20.5%.Compared to 1992, full-time employmentin 2000 was up 173,000, or20.4%,. This included about 100,000,or 16.4%, more sworn personnel, and73,000, or 30.7%, more civilians.State and local law enforcement employeesFull-timePart-timeSworn Nonsworn Total Sworn311,474124,995129,11230,68026,23745031.6%22.1%43.935.337.714.699,73162,11022,73781713,583484100%100%10010010010042,80327,32310,300954,66741842.1%44.0%45.311.634.486.4Nonsworn56,92834,78712,4377228,9166657.8%56.0%54.788.465.613.6In June 2000 there were 362 full-timeState and local law enforcementemployees per 100,000 residentsnationwide, an increase of 5.9% from1996, and 9.6% more than in 1992.This included 252 sworn personnel per100,000 residents, an increase of 2.4%from 1996 levels, and 6.3% from 1992.The ratio of nonsworn personnel per100,000 residents increased 19.4%from 1992 to 2000, including a 15.1%rise from 1996 to 2000.Full-time employees in State and local law enforcement agencies,1992, 1996, and 2000TotalFull-time State and locallaw enforcement employeesper 100,000 residents2000 1996 1992Total362 342 330Sworn252 246 237Nonsworn 111 96 93The 49 primary State law enforcementagencies operating in each Stateexcept Hawaii employed 87,028persons full time. Of these employees,56,348, or 65%, were full-time swornpersonnel.Figure 1SwornNonsworn2000199619920 250,000 500,000 750,000 1,000,000 1,250,000Number of full-time personnel2 Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000

3636343934343730298643373135423026382452293840302636373284026435503227331273233403928243727233436363439343437302986433731354230263824522938403026363732840264355032273312732334039282437272334363634393434373029864337313542302638245229384030263637328402643550322733127323340392824372723343636343934343730298643373135423026382452293840302636373284026435503227331273233403928243727233436363439343437302986433731354230263824522938403026363732840264355032273312732334039282437272334State-by-State comparisonsTexas (1,800) had the most full-timeState and local law enforcementagencies (table 4). The total included623 county constable offices (see boxon page 14). Pennsylvania (1,166)had the next highest number ofagencies, followed by Illinois (886) andOhio (845).California had the most full-time Stateand local law enforcement employees,about 116,000. Other States with50,000 or more employees includedNew York (94,863), Texas (80,535),Florida (68,165), and Illinois (52,769).States with fewer than 2,000 employeesincluded Vermont (1,459) andNorth Dakota (1,755).Nationwide, there were 362 full-timeState and local law enforcementpersonnel per 100,000 residents. TheDistrict of Columbia (859), Louisiana(527), and New York (500) had themost. West Virginia (229), Kentucky(237), and Vermont (240) had theleast.California (73,662) had the most fulltimesworn personnel employed byState and local agencies, followedclosely by New York (72,853). Nextwere Texas (51,478), Illinois (39,847),and Florida (39,452). Vermont (1,034)had the fewest officers.After the District of Columbia (693),the ratio of full-time sworn personnelper 100,000 residents was highest inLouisiana (415). The next highestratios were in New York (384), NewJersey (345), and Illinois (321). Thelowest ratios were in Vermont (170)and West Virginia (174). Nationwide,the ratio was 252 per 100,000.The per capita ratio of uniformedofficers whose regular duties includedresponding to calls for service werehighest in the District of Columbia (357per 100,000 residents), New York(240), and Wyoming (200). It waslowest in Oregon (104) and Washington(108). The overall ratio for theNation was 151 per 100,000.Table 4. State and local law enforcement agencies and employees,by State, June 2000U.S. totalAlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFloridaGeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyomingNumberofagencies17,784424951353565172481254333835617122886495400353382343139146351565460333586126237621955511355174911298454491781,166512581703671,8001296532725622951281TotalNumber1,019,49616,0622,15120,5959,207115,90615,23710,2772,2574,91468,16531,2823,7314,52252,76917,9697,60010,3439,58923,5733,63820,27223,59329,65412,67710,16320,4592,9584,7767,9183,26837,3876,32494,86326,1011,75536,86311,37610,68333,4273,39013,0462,46822,14880,5356,3461,45925,84215,5134,14818,0102,287Per100,000residents362361343401344342354302288859427382308349425296260385237527285383372298258357366328279396264444348500324273325330312272323325327389386284240365263229336463Full-time employeesSworn personnel Responding to callsPerPer100,000100,000Number residents Number residents708,022 252 425,427 15110,655 240 7,287 1641,348 215 1,031 16411,533 225 6,889 1346,157 230 4,066 15273,662 217 40,349 11910,309 240 5,815 1358,327 245 5,143 1511,774 226 1,151 1473,963 693 2,041 35739,452 247 24,264 15221,173 259 12,393 1512,914 241 1,722 1422,749 212 1,732 13439,847 321 23,728 19111,900 196 7,249 1195,333 182 3,769 1296,563 244 4,265 1597,144 177 4,800 11918,548 415 7,639 1712,367 186 1,721 13515,221 287 9,024 17018,082 285 11,784 18621,673 218 13,456 1358,606 175 5,748 1176,562 231 4,416 15513,630 244 8,749 1561,760 195 1,344 1493,486 204 2,296 1345,252 263 2,959 1482,542 206 1,736 14029,062 345 16,343 1944,456 245 2,792 15372,853 384 45,462 24018,903 235 11,070 1381,293 201 944 14725,082 221 15,689 1387,622 221 5,129 1496,496 190 3,573 10426,373 215 17,648 1442,688 256 1,636 1569,741 243 5,973 1491,708 226 1,201 15914,494 255 9,296 16351,478 247 28,831 1384,179 187 2,545 1141,034 170 796 13120,254 286 9,900 1409,910 168 6,367 1083,150 174 2,387 13213,237 247 8,290 1551,477 299 989 2004 Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000

Local police departmentsAs of June 2000, there were 12,666general purpose local police departmentsoperating in the United States.Municipal governments operated thevast majority of these agencies. Theremainder were county, tribal, orregional (multi-jurisdictional) police.Types ofgeneral purposelocal police, 2000MunicipalCountyTribalRegionalNumberFull-timeAgencies officers12,409 412,92152 25,202171 2,30334494Note: Tribal category excludes agenciesoperated by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, aFederal agency that provides law enforcementservices in some tribal areas.As of June 2000, full-time employmentby local police departments was upabout 44,000, or 8.4%, compared toJune 1996 (figure 3). The number offull-time sworn personnel increasedabout 30,000, or 7.3%. The numberof civilian employees in local policedepartments rose about 14,000,or 12.6%.Compared to 1992, the number of fulltimelocal police employees in 2000was up by about 87,000, or 18.2%.This included about 66,000, or 17.7%,more sworn personnel and about21,000, or 20.1%, more civilianpersonnel.Size of local police departmentsA total of 567, or 4.5%, of local policedepartments employed 100 or morefull-time sworn personnel (table 5).Included in these larger agencies were47 with 1,000 or more officers. Incontrast, 56.2% of departmentsemployed fewer than 10 full-timeofficers. Included among thesesmaller agencies were 1,366 (10.8%)that employed only 1 full-time officer,and 199 (1.6%) that relied solely onpart-time officers.Figure 3Agencies with fewer than 10 full-timeofficers employed about 6% of all fulltimelocal police officers (table 6).About three-fifths (61%) of all full-timelocal police officers worked in anagency with 100 or more officers, andnearly half (48%) worked for an agencywith at least 250 officers.Full-time employees in local police departments, 1992, 1996, and 2000TotalSworn2000Nonsworn199619920 200,000 400,000 600,000Number of full-time personnelTable 6. Local police employees, by size of agency, June 2000TotalNumber of employeesAll sizes1,000 or more500-999250-499100-24950-9925-4910-245-92-410565,915195,05034,39446,43273,35767,14364,84553,08320,9329,2011,4717Full-timeSworn440,920150,95825,73335,15256,02151,92751,10342,55117,6578,4521,3660Type of employeeNonsworn124,99544,0928,66111,28017,33615,21613,74210,5323,2757491057Total62,1109,5871,4491,9544,8525,9906,83410,4928,9598,3992,4601,134Part-timeSworn27,3237941996101,4792,4155,6546,5797,1162,1891,062Nonsworn34,7879,5081,4081,8554,2424,5114,4194,8382,3801,28327172Table 5. Local police departments,by size of agency, June 2000Number of full-timesworn personnelAll sizes1,000 or more500-999250-499100-24950-9925-4910-245-92-410AgenciesNumber Percent12,666 100%47 0.4%37 0.3100 0.8383 3.0756 6.01,479 11.72,740 21.62,665 21.02,894 22.81,366 10.8199 1.6Percent of employeesAll sizes100%1,000 or more 34.5%500-9996.1250-4998.2100-24913.050-9911.925-4911.510-249.45-93.72-41.610.30----Less than 0.05%.100%34.2%5.88.012.711.811.69.74.01.90.30100%35.3%6.99.013.912.211.08.42.60.60.1--100%15.4%2.33.17.89.611.016.914.413.54.01.8100%0.3%0.20.42.25.48.820.724.126.08.03.9100%27.3%4.05.312.213.012.713.96.83.70.80.2Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000 5

Selected areas of duty for full-time sworn personnelin local police departments, 2000Table 7. Fifty largest local policedepartments, by number of full-timesworn personnel, June 2000Figure 4Duty areaPatrolInvestigationsCourt operationsJail operationsThe 47 departments with 1,000 ormore officers employed 34.2 % of allfull-time local police officers. Theseagencies employed just 0.3% of allpart-time sworn personnel, but 27%of part-time civilian personnel.Functions of local police officers0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%Percent of full-time sworn personnelNearly all local police officers wereworking in the area of law enforcementoperations. About 65% of full-timeofficers primarily performed patrolduties, while 16% primarily handledcriminal investigations (figure 4). Otherprimary duty areas included administration,training, and technical support.About 2% had regularly assignedcourt-related (1.4%) or jail-related(0.8%) duties.The largest local police departmentsAs of June 2000 the New York CityPolice Department (NYPD) was theNation's largest local police department— and its largest law enforcementagency of any kind — with53,029 full-time employees, including40,435 sworn officers (table 7).Twenty-three NYPD officers werekilled in the line of duty as a result ofthe terrorist attacks of September 11,2001.Other cities with police forces of morethan 5,000 full-time officers includedChicago (13,466), Los Angeles(9,341), Philadelphia (7,024), andHouston (5,343). In 2000 about 1 in 11full-time local police officers nationwideworked for the NYPD, and about1 in 6 worked for one of the fivelargest forces.The largest county police departmentsin the U.S. included the NassauCounty (NY) Police with 3,038 fulltimeofficers, the Miami-Dade (FL)Police (3,008), and the Suffolk County(NY) Police (2,564).From June 1996 to 2000, the NYPDreported the largest change in numberof officers of any State or local policedepartment. During this period, theNation's largest police force expandedby 3,622 officers.By percent change, the local policedepartments with the largestincreases were those in Memphis(34.1%), Las Vegas (27.8%), NewOrleans (24.0%), Austin (20.9%), andNewark (20.0%). Decreases in forcesize occurred in Pittsburgh (10.2%),Honolulu (9.5%), St. Louis (8.7%),Suffolk County (6.6%), and Milwaukee(5.1%).(See the BJS Special Report, PoliceDepartments in Large Cities, 1990-2000, NCJ 175703 for more informationon the Nation’s largest municipalpolice agencies.)City orcountyFulltimesworn,2000New York (NY)40,435Chicago (IL)13,466Los Angeles (CA)9,341Philadelphia (PA)7,024Houston (TX)5,343Detroit (MI)4,154Washington (DC)3,612Nassau Co. (NY)3,038Baltimore (MD)3,034Miami-Dade Co. (FL)3,008Dallas (TX)2,862Phoenix (AZ)2,626Suffolk Co. (NY)2,564San Francisco (CA)2,227Las Vegas-Clark Co. (NV) 2,168Boston (MA)2,164San Diego (CA)2,022Milwaukee (WI)1,998Memphis (TN)1,904San Antonio (TX)1,882Cleveland (OH)1,822Honolulu Co. (HI)1,792Baltimore Co. (MD)1,754Columbus (OH)1,744New Orleans (LA)1,664Jacksonville-Duval Co. (FL) 1,530Denver (CO)1,489St. Louis (MO)1,489Atlanta (GA)1,474Newark (NJ)1,466Charlotte-Mecklenberg Co. (NC) 1,442Prince Georges Co. (MD) 1,431San Jose (CA)1,408Seattle (WA)1,261Kansas City (MO)1,253Nashville-Davidson Co. (TN) 1,249Fort Worth (TX)1,196Fairfax Co. (VA)1,163Austin (TX)1,144Miami (FL)1,110El Paso (TX)1,057Indianapolis (IN)1,045Pittsburgh (PA)1,036Cincinnati (OH)1,030Montgomery Co. (MD) 1,019Oklahoma City (OK)1,011Portland (OR)1,007Tampa (FL)939Buffalo (NY)928Tucson (AZ)928Percentchange,1996-20009.8%1.73.89.80.86.4%0.71.03.46.5-0.1%7.9-6.611.427.83.0%1.8-5.134.10.55.4%-9.514.30.824.09.8%4.3-8.70.020.012.1%16.39.91.96.810.6%2.09.020.99.78.0%5.4-10.27.58.50.2%2.45.63.311.46 Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000

3636343934343730298643373135423026382452293840302636373284026435503227331273233403928243727233436363439343437302986433731354230263824522938403026363732840264355032273312732334039282437272334363634393434373029864337313542302638245229384030263637328402643550322733127323340392824372723343636343934343730298643373135423026382452293840302636373284026435503227331273233403928243727233436363439343437302986433731354230263824522938403026363732840264355032273312732334039282437272334State-by-State comparisonsAs of June 2000 Pennsylvania had themost full-time general purpose localpolice departments (1,015) (table 8).Next were Texas (737), Illinois (729),and Ohio (712). Other States withmore than 400 local police departmentsincluded New Jersey (484), Michigan(450), Missouri (449), and Wisconsin(417). Excluding the District of Columbia,Hawaii (4) had the fewest localpolice departments, followed byNevada (28) and Delaware (33).Local police departments in the Stateof New York had 74,737 full-timeemployees, more than in any otherState. California was second with52,541. Other States with more than25,000 full-time local police employeeswere Texas (40,321), Illinois (34,382),Florida (29,922), and New Jersey(25,114). Four States had fewer than1,000 full-time local police employees:Vermont (735), North Dakota (844),Wyoming (907), and Montana (983).After the District of Columbia (781),New York ranked highest among theStates in terms of local police employeesper 100,000 residents, with 394.Other States with 250 or more localpolice employees per 100,000residents included New Jersey (298),Illinois (277), Hawaii (276), Massachusetts(263), and Rhode Island (262).New York (58,588) was the only Statewith more than 50,000 full-time localpolice officers. California rankedsecond with 37,674 officers. The otherStates with more than 15,000 full-timelocal police officers were Texas(30,525), Illinois (27,452), New Jersey(21,046), Florida (21,035), Pennsylvania(18,913), and Ohio (16,956).In terms of full-time local police officersper 100,000 residents, New York (309)was second only to the District ofColumbia (631). Other States with 200or more local police officers per100,000 residents included New Jersey(250), Illinois (221), Massachusetts(218), Hawaii (215), and Rhode Island(205).Table 8. Local police departments and employees, by State, June 2000NumberofagenciesU.S. total 12,666Alabama324Alaska87Arizona93Arkansas258California341Colorado167Connecticut106Delaware33District of Columbia 1Florida287Georgia356Hawaii4Idaho74Illinois729Indiana379Iowa292Kansas227Kentucky245Louisiana246Maine115Maryland77Massachusetts 308Michigan450Minnesota358Mississippi217Missouri449Montana62Nebraska141Nevada28New Hampshire 181New Jersey484New Mexico89New York393North Carolina 357North Dakota69Ohio712Oklahoma340Oregon135Pennsylvania 1,015Rhode Island39South Carolina 186South Dakota 100Tennessee248Texas737Utah83Vermont48Virginia165Washington204West Virginia 158Wisconsin417Wyoming52TotalPer100,000Number residents565,915 2019,456 2131,357 21611,569 2254,677 17552,541 1558,205 1917,890 2321,142 1464,468 78129,922 18713,918 1703,346 2761,634 12634,382 2778,779 1443,875 1325,254 1955,763 1437,866 1761,920 15111,998 22716,718 26316,727 1686,651 1355,016 17612,294 220983 1092,556 1494,753 2382,562 20725,114 2983,651 20174,737 39412,717 158844 13121,086 1866,746 1954,726 13821,545 1752,745 2625,399 1351,184 15710,919 19240,321 1932,798 125735 12112,439 1767,837 1331,604 899,639 180907 184Full-time employeesSworn personnel Responding to callsPerPer100,000100,000Number residents Number residents440,920 157 290,297 1037,089 159 5,093 115899 143 692 1108,159 159 4,593 903,675 137 2,507 9437,674 111 22,291 666,028 140 3,551 836,592 194 4,343 128992 127 748 953,612 631 1,851 32421,035 132 12,835 8010,992 134 7,680 942,605 215 1,606 1331,279 99 858 6627,452 221 20,145 1627,016 115 4,631 763,175 108 2,332 803,870 144 2,614 974,518 112 3,372 836,339 142 4,020 901,503 118 1,137 899,680 183 5,922 11213,826 218 9,550 15014,044 141 9,185 925,347 109 3,871 793,764 132 2,707 959,372 168 6,407 115765 85 581 642,040 119 1,481 873,216 161 1,740 872,031 164 1,428 11621,046 250 14,304 1702,539 140 1,602 8858,588 309 37,839 19910,473 130 6,848 85681 106 526 8216,956 149 11,391 1005,246 152 3,661 1063,465 101 2,218 6518,913 154 13,497 1102,153 205 1,366 1304,383 109 2,770 69896 119 624 838,408 148 5,843 10330,525 146 19,379 932,181 98 1,375 62571 94 465 769,604 136 5,922 845,766 98 3,679 621,404 78 1,109 617,879 147 5,615 105654 132 493 100Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000 7

Sheriffs' officesIn June 2000 sheriffs' offices had about36,000 more full-time employees thanin 1996, an increase of 14.0% (figure5). This included an increase of about12,000, or 7.7%, in sworn personnel,and an increase of about 24,000, or23.2%, in nonsworn employees.Compared to 1992, sheriffs’ offices in2000 had 68,000, or 30.4%, more fulltimeemployees. Civilian employmentrose by about 40,000, or 45.4%, duringthis time, while the number of swornpersonnel increased by approximately28,000, or 23.2%.This included 12 agencies with 1,000or more full-time sworn personnel.About a third (32.5%) of sheriffs’offices employed fewer than 10 fulltimesworn personnel, and 25 agencies(0.8%) had just 1 full-time officer.Full-time employees in sheriffs’ offices, 1992, 1996, and 2000TotalSworn200019961992The 12 sheriffs' offices employing 1,000or more sworn personnel accountedfor about a sixth of full-time sheriffs'employees (table 10). Sixty-twopercent of full-time sheriff’s officepersonnel worked for an agency with100 or more employees, including 64%of sworn personnel.These increases, which are larger thanthose for local police, were influencedto some extent by the fact that about 4in 5 sheriffs' departments are responsiblefor jail operations. The Nation's jailinmate population in June 2000 was20% larger than in June 1996, and40% larger than in June 1992. (Seethe BJS Bulletin, Prison and JailInmates at Midyear 2000, NCJ 185989.)Size of sheriffs' officesAs of June 2000, of the 3,070 full-timesheriffs' offices operating nationwide,323, or 10.5%, employed at least 100full-time sworn personnel (table 9).Table 9. Sheriffs’ offices, by sizeof agency, June 2000Number of full-timesworn personnelAll sizes1,000 or more500-999250-499100-24950-9925-4910-245-92-41AgenciesNumber Percent3,070 100%12 0.4%27 0.978 2.5206 6.7311 10.1515 16.8923 30.1658 21.4315 10.325 0.8Nonsworn0 100,000 200,000 300,000Number of full-time personnelFigure 5Table 10. Sheriffs’ employees, by size of agency, June 2000Type of employeeFull-timeFull-timesworn personnel Total Sworn Nonsworn TotalNumber of employeesAll sizes293,8231,000 or more49,810500-99931,037250-49945,671100-24956,43050-9940,42225-4932,55410-2427,4355-98,5632-41,873128164,711 129,112 22,73728,817 20,993 1,62518,152 12,885 1,41727,274 18,397 2,11131,170 25,260 2,88321,586 18,836 2,81117,758 14,796 3,98714,391 13,044 4,9324,518 4,045 2,2691,020 853 66425 338Percent of employeesAll sizes100% 100% 100% 100%1,000 or more17.0% 17.5% 16.3% 7.1%500-99910.6 11.0 10.0 6.2250-49915.5 16.6 14.2 9.3100-24919.2 18.9 19.6 12.750-9913.8 13.1 14.6 12.425-4911.1 10.8 11.5 17.510-249.3 8.7 10.1 21.75-92.9 2.7 3.1 10.02-40.6 0.6 0.7 2.91--- --- --- 0.2Part-timeSworn10,300344557911,3711,4572,2432,5561,03632631100%0.3%4.47.713.314.121.824.810.13.20.3Nonsworn12,4371,5919621,3201,5121,3541,7442,3761,2333387100%12.8%7.710.612.210.914.019.19.92.70.1--Less than 0.05%.8 Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000

Functions of sheriffs' deputiesNearly all sheriffs’ offices are responsiblefor responding to citizen calls forservice. As of June 2000, 41% ofsheriffs’ deputies were regularlyassigned to patrol duty (figure 6).Another 12% were assigned to investigativeduties.In addition to handling calls for service,about four-fifths of sheriffs' officesoperate 1 or more jails, and nearly allhave court-related responsibilities suchas the serving of process and courtsecurity. In 2000, 24% of full-timesheriffs' deputies were assigned to jailrelatedduties, while 17% primarilyperformed court-related duties. In thislatter category, about three-fifths ofofficers were assigned to courtsecurity, and two-fifths to servingprocess.The largest sheriffs' officesAs of June 2000 the largest sheriff'soffice in the Nation, the Los AngelesCounty Sheriff's Department, employed8,438 full-time sworn personnel (table11). Twenty-seven percent of thatagency's full-time sworn personnelwere assigned to patrol, and 8% tocriminal investigations. Nearly halfwere assigned to jail operations (27%)or court security (18%).The second largest sheriff's office, with5,309 full-time sworn personnel, wasthe Cook County (IL) Sheriff’s Office.Most of the officers in that agency wereassigned to duties related to jail orcourt operations.Overall, 9 of the 25 largest sheriffs'offices, including 6 of the 10 largest,were in California. All but one of theseagencies had deputies with regularpatrol assignments. In addition, all hadsworn personnel who primarilyperformed jail-related duties, and allbut one had sworn personnel assignedto court-related duties.Another 5 of the 25 largest sheriffs’offices were in Florida. All of theseagencies had at least 48% of theirdeputies assigned to patrol operations;however, only the Palm Beach CountySheriff’s Office also operated a jail.Figure 6Of the three major categories of lawenforcement, jail operations, and courtoperations, 13 of the 25 largestsheriffs' departments had the largestnumber of sworn personnel assignedto law enforcement, and 12 had thelargest number assigned to jail duties.Selected areas of duty for full-time sworn personnel in sheriffs’ offices, 2000Duty areaPatrolJail operationsCourt operationsInvestigations0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%Percent of full-time sworn personnelTable 11. Twenty-five largest sheriffs’ offices, by numberand function of full-time sworn personnel, June 2000Full-timePercent of officers by primary duty areaCounty orequivalentswornpersonnel PatrolInvestigationsJailoperationsCourtsecurityProcessservingLos Angeles Co. (CA) 8,438 27% 8% 27% 18% 0%Cook Co. (IL) a5,768 9 3 58 26 4Harris Co. (TX)2,584 26 12 60 0 1Orange Co. (CA)1,770 40 8 42 0 0San Diego (CA)1,553 49 13 7 16 3San Bernardino Co. (CA) 1,421 33% 15% 29% 10% 1%Sacramento Co. (CA) 1,372 42 11 32 9 1Broward Co. (FL)1,310 73 27 0 0 0Riverside Co. (CA) 1,286 58 16 16 8 2Orange Co. (FL)1,211 48 10 0 8 5Palm Beach Co. (FL) 1,074 64% 23% 0% 9% 5%Hillsborough Co. (FL) 1,030 65 18 0 0 2Alameda Co. (CA)909 15 2 48 16 1Nassau Co. (NY)899 0 0 95 0 3Pinellas Co. (FL)860 52 25 0 20 3Wayne Co. (MI)821 14% 5% 58% 14% 1%Oakland Co. (MI)800 41 8 48 3 1Ventura Co. (CA)796 33 16 25 11 1San Francisco Co. (CA) 777 0 2 64 9 1Monroe Co. (NY)777 31 3 52 13 1Fulton Co. (GA)774 0% 1% 74% 25% 0%Calcasieu Par. (LA)730 19 7 33 3 4E. Baton Rouge Par. (LA) 712 18 10 41 4 3Orleans Par. (LA)685 6 2 82 6 4Jefferson Par. (LA)681 41 29 0 0 0aData for Cook County are estimates based on prior years’ responses.Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000 9

3636343934343730298643373135423026382452293840302636373284026435503227331273233403928243727233436363439343437302986433731354230263824522938403026363732840264355032273312732334039282437272334363634393434373029864337313542302638245229384030263637328402643550322733127323340392824372723343636343934343730298643373135423026382452293840302636373284026435503227331273233403928243727233436363439343437302986433731354230263824522938403026363732840264355032273312732334039282437272334State-by-State comparisonsTable 12. Sheriffs’ offices and employees, by State, June 2000As of June 2000, 3,070 sheriffs’ officeswere operating full time. Texas (254)had the most. Except for a few whoare appointed, sheriffs are electedofficials.California (45,706), Florida (33,303),and Texas (23,621) had the most fulltimesheriffs' employees (table 12).Other States with 10,000 or more fulltimesheriffs' employees includedIllinois (13,051), Georgia (12,990),Louisiana (12,745), North Carolina(10,457), New York (10,208), and Ohio(10,199).Louisiana had the most sheriffs'employees per capita with 285 per100,000 residents. Other States withmore than 150 per 100,000 includedFlorida (208), Wyoming (196), Idaho(171), Montana (162), and Georgia(159). Nationwide, there were 104 fulltimesheriffs' office employees per100,000 residents.States with the most full-time swornpersonnel employed by sheriffs’ officeswere California (25,361), Florida(14,770), Texas (11,133), and Louisiana(10,329). Other States with 5,000or more full-time sworn personnelincluded Illinois (9,073), Georgia(7,703), Virginia (7,382), NorthCarolina (6,140), New York (6,018),and Ohio (5,366).Sheriffs’ offices employed 59 full-timesworn personnel per 100,000 residentsnationwide. States that had thehighest ratio per 100,000 residentswere Louisiana (231), Wyoming (117),and Virginia (104).As of June 2000, sheriffs’ officesnationwide had nearly 66,000 full-timeofficers assigned to respond to calls forservice. States with the most wereCalifornia (9,033), Florida (8,294), andTexas (4,095). Sheriffs’ officesemployed 23 such personnel per100,000 residents nationwide. Thehighest ratios were in Wyoming (61),Florida (52), Louisiana (52), andMontana (51).U.S. totalAlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFloridaGeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyomingNumberofagencies3,07067015755862430651580441029299104120641624108387821145592161021325710053887736655466494254291412539557223Number293,823Total4,37905,4902,88245,7065,22935831033,30312,99002,21713,0516,3882,8053,6271,67712,7459472,6963,2198,3514,7043,2913,7561,4581,4651,4442194,2061,39210,20810,45755010,1992,4154,4371,7191635,4396798,12623,6212,7281438,9145,0281,2206,782969Per100,000residents104980107108135122114020815901711051059613541285745151849611667162867218507754130869070130141613690143113122231268567126196Full-time employeesSworn personnel Responding to callsPerPer100,000100,000Number residents Number residents164,711 59 65,552 232,210 50 1,182 270 0 0 01,764 35 1,187 231,285 48 741 2825,361 75 9,033 273,072 71 1,319 31336 10 0 020 3 0 00 0 0 014,770 92 8,294 527,703 94 2,921 360 0 0 01,024 79 567 449,073 73 1,875 152,883 47 1,504 251,458 50 808 281,803 67 864 321,406 35 766 1910,329 231 2,329 52309 24 185 151,711 32 657 121,208 19 37 14,641 47 2,327 232,287 46 1,103 221,698 60 978 342,423 43 1,121 20629 70 458 51901 53 544 321,008 50 464 23120 10 34 33,200 38 168 21,038 57 692 386,018 32 2,085 116,140 76 2,469 31384 60 264 415,366 47 2,146 191,092 32 608 182,113 62 896 261,428 12 150 1159 15 0 03,569 89 1,798 45388 51 240 324,242 75 1,954 3411,133 53 4,095 201,311 59 742 33104 17 41 77,382 104 1,687 242,753 47 1,667 28814 45 546 304,069 76 1,705 32576 117 301 6110 Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000

3636343934343730298643373135423026382452293840302636373284026435503227331273233403928243727233436363439343437302986433731354230263824522938403026363732840264355032273312732334039282437272334363634393434373029864337313542302638245229384030263637328402643550322733127323340392824372723343636343934343730298643373135423026382452293840302636373284026435503227331273233403928243727233436363439343437302986433731354230263824522938403026363732840264355032273312732334039282437272334Primary State lawenforcement agenciesTable 13. Primary State law enforcement agency employees,by State, June 2000In June 2000, the 49 primary State lawenforcement agencies had 87,028 fulltimeemployees. This was about 3,300,or 3.9%, more than in 1996 (figure 7).There were 56,348 full-time swornpersonnel in 2000. This was about1,800, or 3.2%, more than in 1996.Civilian employment rose by about1,500, or 5.2%, during this period.Compared to 1992, overall employmentin 2000 was up by about 8,500,or 10.8%. This included increases ofabout 5,100, or 19.9%, in nonswornemployees, and of about 3,400, or6.4%, in sworn personnel.In 2000, 69% of the full-time swornpersonnel in State law enforcementagencies were patrol officers and 11%were investigators. Less than 1% wereassigned to court-related duties.Seventeen agencies employed 1,000or more full-time sworn officers, and34 employed at least 500 such officers.The largest, the California HighwayPatrol, had 9,706 full-time employeesincluding 6,678 full-time sworn personnel(table 13). The next largest werethe Texas Department of Public Safety(7,025 and 3,119) and the PennsylvaniaState Police (5,694 and 4,152).The smallest agencies in terms ofsworn personnel were the NorthDakota Highway Patrol (126), theWyoming Highway Patrol (148), andthe South Dakota Highway Patrol (153).Full-time employees in the 49 primaryState law enforcement agencies,1992, 1996, and 2000TotalSwornU.S. totalAlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFloridaGeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyomingTotalPer100,000Number residents87,0281,2014091,8729139,7069091,69282702,1381,78505103,7921,9415996941,6701,4384952,3282,5903,1897911,0312,1702806405973893,6826494,9481,8101932,5521,4201,4095,6942681,2202331,7157,0254415132,5112,1451,0446652953127653634292150106013220393132202641323944413216363931373031443626223022414146263031303420843536581260Full-time employeesSworn personnelPer100,000Number residents56,3486282321,0505596,6786541,13558001,65878602922,0891,2784554579379343251,5752,2212,1025485321,0802054624143152,5695254,1121,4161261,3827828264,1522219771538993,1193973041,88398768150814820143720212015337401010023172116172321253035211119192327212531292218201223243421242016151850271738930Responding to callsPer100,000Number residents39,240 144611557353306,46050058528001,53965001919155704524544815422258931,5431,3104693326501752053892141,2383502,4001,133901,1515553772,8541857911118002,1302562391,226689502340118102514121912173601080157915171212181724131012121912191715191314141016112318201514101139171228624Nonsworn2000199619920 30,000 60,000 90,000Number of full-time personnelFigure 7Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000 11

Special jurisdiction agenciesIn June 2000, nearly 1,400 State andlocal law enforcement agencies withspecial geographic jurisdictions orspecial enforcement responsibilitieswere operating in the United States(table 14). These agencies had 43,413full-time sworn personnel.About two-thirds (68%) of full-timesworn personnel primarily handledpatrol duties, while 17% were criminalinvestigators. Approximately 1% wereresponsible for court-related duties.The 11,319 full-time police officersserving public 4-year and 2-yearcolleges and universities accounted formore than a fourth of all sworn personnelserving special jurisdictions.Another 3,219 were police officers forpublic school districts. Agenciesserving State capitols and othergovernment buildings employed 1,121sworn personnel.Agencies enforcing laws related to fishand wildlife conservation employed7,935 full-time officers, and thoseresponsible for parks and recreationareas about 3,200.Agencies responsible for mass transitsystems employed 2,627 swornpersonnel, and those serving airports,nearly 2,500. Agencies serving multipletypes of transportation facilitiesemployed about 1,700 officers, with thePort Authority of New York-New JerseyPolice (1,238), the largest of theseforces.The Port Authority Police are responsiblefor policing the facilities owned andoperated by the Port Authority, includingthe LaGuardia, Kennedy, andNewark Airports, the Lincoln andHolland Tunnels, the George Washingtonand Staten Island Bridges, thePATH train system, the Port AuthorityBus Terminal, and the Port Newarkand Port Elizabeth Marine Terminals.Table 14. State and local law enforcement agencies withspecial jurisdictions, by type of jurisdiction and numberof full-time sworn personnel, June 2000Type ofspecial jurisdictionTotalGovernment buildings/facilities4-year college/universityPublic school district2-year college/universityState Capitol/government buildingsMedical school/facilityPublic housingOtherConservation laws/parks and recreationFish and wildlifeParks and recreational areasWaterways and boatingEnvironmental lawsForest resourcesSanitation lawsWater resourcesCriminal investigationsCounty/cityState bureauArsonTransportation systems/faciltiesMass transit system/railroadAirportsTransportation centers — multiple typesPort facilitiesCommercial vehicle enforcementRoadways, bridges, tunnelsSpecial enforcementAlcohol enforcementAgriculturalGaming/racing lawsDrug enforcementBusiness regulationAgencies1,3764671622222142146668013352562831218751735173621Full-timeswornpersonnel43,4139,3083,2192,0111,1219786732747,9353,2184773772831691181,8386924902,6272,4621,6979404402341,287272204654Table 15. State and local law enforcement agencieswith special jurisdictions employing 200 or morefull-time sworn personnel, June 2000Full-time swornAgencypersonnelPort Authority of New York - New Jersey1,238Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission673California Department of Parks and Recreation563Texas Parks and Wildlife Department485Metropolitan Transit Authority - New York City455California Department of Fish and Game407Maryland Transportation Authority349Maryland Port Authority348New York State Dept. of Environmental Conservation 325Washington (DC) Metropolitan Area Transit Authority 317Georgia Bureau of Investigation309Dallas - Fort Worth Airport307Los Angeles Unified School District302South Carolina Department of Natural Resources285Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority281New York City Parks Enforcement Patrol280California Alcoholic Beverage Control259Georgia Department of Natural Resources252Southeastern Pennsylvania Transit Authority248Louisiana Department of Fisheries and Wildlife247California Department of Motor Vehicles238Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority235Texas Alcoholic Beverage Commission228Michigan Department of Natural Resources227Maryland Department of Natural Resources223Colorado Department of Conservation and Wildlife216Indiana Department of Natural Resources215North Carolina State Wildlife Resources Commission 215New York City Fire Department - Investigations214Florida Department of Agriculture212Missouri Department of Conservation210Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources - Forestry 209Los Angeles Airport Police200Minnesota Department of Natural Resources200Pennsylvania Game Commission200Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources20012 Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000

3636343934343730298643373135423026382452293840302636373284026435503227331273233403928243727233436363439343437302986433731354230263824522938403026363732840264355032273312732334039282437272334363634393434373029864337313542302638245229384030263637328402643550322733127323340392824372723343636343934343730298643373135423026382452293840302636373284026435503227331273233403928243727233436363439343437302986433731354230263824522938403026363732840264355032273312732334039282437272334At the time of the 2000 census, theWorld Trade Center was also underPort Authority Police jurisdiction.Thirty-seven Port Authority Policeofficers were killed in the line of duty asa result of the World Trade Centerattacks of September 11, 2001.Other categories of special jurisdictionagencies that accounted for 500 ormore full-time sworn personnelincluded county and city investigativeagencies (1,838), State alcoholenforcement agencies (1,287), medicalfacility police (978), port facility police(940), State investigation bureaus(692), and public housing police (673).State-by State comparisonsTexas (185) and California (117) hadthe most State and local agencies withspecial geographic jurisdictions orspecial enforcement responsibilities(table 16). Other States with 50 ormore agencies included Pennsylvania(85), New York (66), and Illinois (54).About 40% of the nearly 70,000 fulltimeState and local law enforcementemployees serving special jurisdictionswere in California (7,953), Texas (6,488),New York (4,970), Pennsylvania(4,469), or New Jersey (4,385). OtherStates with 2,500 or more employeesincluded Maryland (3,250), Ohio(3,026), Florida (2,802), and Georgia(2,589).New York (4,135), Texas (4,071), andCalifornia (3,949) had the most fulltimesworn personnel serving specialjurisdictions. Eight other States had1,000 or more: Maryland (2,255), NewJersey (2,247), Florida (1,989),Pennsylvania (1,880), Georgia (1,692).Virginia (1,385), Ohio (1,378), andIllinois (1,233). States with fewer than100 included Vermont (55), NewHampshire (76), Nebaska (83), Oregon(92), and Wyoming (99).The District of Columbia (61) had themost sworn personnel serving specialjurisdictions per 100,000 residents.Maryland (43), South Dakota (36), andAlaska (35) had the next highest ratios.Table 16. State and local law enforcement agencies withspecial jurisdictions, by State, June 2000U.S. totalAlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFloridaGeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyomingNumber ofagencies1,3763272622117181462304633542382116327443231143322831734513663364431685625524185162361215225Full-time employeesTotalSworn personnelPer 10,000Per 10,000Number residents Number residents69,6501,0263851,6647357,9538943372574462,8022,5893851611,5448613217684791,5242763,2501,0661,3875318252,2392371151,124984,3856324,9701,1171683,0267951114,4692149883721,3886,488379681,978503280924116252361322724211033781832321212141129123422611714112940267568523526142627233362025492431171128915172343,4137282175606383,9495552641823511,9891,6923091541,2337232454332839462302,25582788642456875516183614762,2473544,1358741021,378502921,8801558122719454,071290551,385404251781991516351124121382361122126121012816721184313992013185316271922111612153151520361720139207141523Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000 13

Texas constable officesOf the approximately 760 countyconstable offices in Texas, 623operated on a full-time basis andemployed sworn personnel withgeneral arrest powers as of June2000. Texas constables are electedofficials who are responsible forproviding services for the justice,county, and district courts.Nearly half of the sworn personnelemployed by constable officesprimarily performed court-relatedduties. This included 33% whoserved process, and 12% assignedto provide court security.In addition to their court servicesresponsibilities, nearly half of constableoffices had sworn personnelregularly assigned to respond tocitizen calls for service. Overall,35% of officers primarily performedpatrol duties, and 7% handled criminalinvestigations.Data for graphical figuresHighlights table. As of June 2000,State and local law enforcementagencies had more than 1 millionfull-time employees, includingabout 708,000 sworn personnelTypeof agencyLocal policeSheriffPrimary StateOtherFigure 1, page 2. Full-time employeesin State and local law enforcementagencies, 1992, 1996, and 2000Typeof employeeTotalSwornNonswornNumber of full-timeemployees, 2000Sworn Nonsworn440,920 124,995164,711 129,11256,348 30,68046,043 26,687Number of full-timesworn personnel2000 19961,019,496708,022311,474921,978663,535258,4431992846,501608,113238,388Figure 2, page 3. Selected areas ofduty for full-time sworn personnel inState and local law enforcementagencies, 2000DutyareaPatrolInvestigationsJail operationsCourt operationsFigure 3, page 5. Full-time employeesin local police departments, 1992,1996, and 2000Typeof employeeTotalSwornNonswornFigure 4, page 6. Selected areas ofduty for full-time sworn personnel inlocal police departments, 2000DutyareaPatrolInvestigationsCourt operationsJail operationsFigure 5, page 7. Full-time employeesin sheriffs’ offices, 1992, 1996, and2000Typeof employeeTotalSwornNonswornDutyareaPatrolJail operationsCourt operationsInvestigationsPercent of full-timesworn personnel59.9%14.96.25.1Number of full-timesworn personnel2000 1996 1992565,915 521,985 478,586440,920 410,956 374,524125,014 111,029 104,062Percent of full-timesworn personnel65.1%16.3%1.4%0.8%Number of full-timesworn personnel2000 1996 1992293,823 257,712 225,404164,711 152,922 136,592129,112 104,790 88,812Figure 6, page 9. Selected areas ofduty for full-time sworn personnel insheriffs’ offices, 2000Typeof employeeTotalSwornNonswornPercent of full-timesworn personnel40.6%24.3%17.2%12.2%Figure 7, page 11. Full-timeemployees in the 49 primary Statelaw enforcement agencies, 1992,1996, and 2000Number of full-timesworn personnel2000 199687,028 83,74256,348 54,58730,680 29,155199278,57052,98025,590Data from the 2000 Census of Stateand Local Law Enforcement Agencies(ICPSR 2260) can be obtained fromthe National Archive of CriminalJustice Data at the University ofMichigan, 1-800-999-0960. Thearchive, as well as the report andother criminal justice information,can be found through or at the BJSInternet Web site:http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/The Bureau of Justice Statisticsis the statistical agency of theU.S. Department of Justice.Lawrence A. Greenfeld is director.BJS Bulletins present the first releaseof findings from permanent datacollection programs such as theCensus of State and Local LawEnforcement Agencies.Brian A. Reaves and Matthew J.Hickman wrote this report. TinaDorsey edited the report. JayneRobinson administered final reportproduction.The Office of Community OrientedPolicing Services (COPS) providedpartial funding for the 2000 Census.Debra Cohen and Matthew Scheiderassisted with questionnaire development.More information on COPScan be obtained at their websiteData were collected and processedby the U.S. Census Bureau, withassistance from BJS. Census Bureaustaff, under the supervision of LatriceBrogsdale-Davis and CharleneSebold, included Theresa Reitz,Martha Greene, Patricia Torreyson,Bill Bryner, and Paula Kinard.October 2002, NCJ 19406614 Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2000