TOURISM CONSTRAINTS OF UMLAZI TOWNSHIP RESIDENTS ...

the benefits oftourism to the tourists themselves. Recent studies do not differ muchfrom these early studies in this respect.This approach to tourism is one-sided and it ignores the fact that the social analysisoftourism is also important. Tourism is not just about destinations and hosts. It isabout people who travel to various destinations and who, in the process, come intocontact with other people and with new environments. All of these aspects oftourism deserve equal attention.Literature that does deal with the social aspects oftourism usually considers onlythe negative social effects of tourism. These stress the damage tourism does topeople as well as to the environment; the effects this damage has on a society, andthe problems that may arise. It is unfortunate that many writers on the socialimpacts oftourism have a tendency to react in a negative way to the developmentof tourism because they lose sight of the fact that there are many positive andimportant social aspects to tourism (Lickorish, et al., 1997). There are communitieswhich do not enjoy these social aspects oftourism, particularly in this country. Asa result ofthis lack ofliterature, these constraints are not addressed.Some efforts have, however, been made to conduct studies on the social aspects oftourism.One of these studies is the study to determine the barriers to tourismparticipation which was conducted by the Joint English Tourist Board !Trade UnionCongress Study group on Tourism, in 1974. In the study, the main aims were todetermine what people expected from a holiday, and to identify the people whocould not take holidays and the factors that prevented them from participating.9