Cohort crowding: how resources affect collegiate attainment

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Table 6: Regressions of collegiate attainment on cohort size and resourcesRegressionIV EstimatesLn Total EnrollmentAll YearsLn Inst BAAll Years(1954-1996) (1954-1996)Explanatory (1) (2) (3) (4)VariableLn Education and 0.34 -0.12 0.21 -0.02& General Exp. (0.10) (0.09) (0.09) (0.10)Ln Population 18 0.76 0.16 0.60 0.23(0.14) (0.10) (0.09) (0.08)First StageLn State 0.35 0.26 0.34 0.24Appropriations (0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02)State Fixed Effects Yes Yes Yes YesYear Fixed Effects Yes Yes Yes YesState Trends No Yes No YesNotes: Total enrollment measures and BA degrees conferred are from institutional surveys ofcolleges and universities. State appropriations are used as an instrument for education & generalexpenditures. Population data are from single year of age tabulations of the Department ofCensus. See Data Appendix for details.33
Table 7: Effects of cohort size on BA completion and enrollmentby type of institution, 1968-1996Ln UndergraduateFTE EnrLn BAon Ln Pop 18 on Ln Pop 18Community Colleges 0.82(0.37)Other Public 0.56 0.82(0.13) (0.22)Flagship Public 0.20 0.28(0.07) (0.05)All Private 0.99 1.20(0.42) (0.45)Research I Private -0.07 -0.19(0.36) (0.45)Liberal Arts Colleges 0.26 0.71(0.17) (0.17)Notes: Data on degrees conferred and enrollment by type of institution are tabulated frominstitution-level data from the HEGIS/IPEDs. Enrollment data are aligned with the populationage 18 in the state in the concurrent year; BA data are aligned with the population age 18 yearsold in the state 4 years prior, in accordance with the expectation of a four-year modal time todegree. See Data Appendix for further details. Each entry and associated standard error is thecoefficient on the log of the population measure in a regression that also includes state and yearfixed effects.34
Page 5 and 6: Cohort Crowding: How Resources Affe
Page 7: education, including a mix of commu
Page 14: elative to cohort size) was more se
Page 17 and 18: Explaining the Divergence between R
Page 19 and 20: appropriate measures. Where there a
Page 22: analysis is whether results we attr
Page 27 and 28: ReferencesBaker, Michael, Dwayne Be
Page 29 and 30: Figure 1: Public university adjustm
Page 31 and 32: Table 1: Distribution of revenues,
Page 33 and 34: Table 3: Regression of total enroll
Page 35: Table 5: Regressions of revenue var
Page 39 and 40: and “Opening Fall Enrollment.”
Page 41 and 42: Primary-secondary school quality me
Page 43 and 44: GeorgiaIdahoLn Inst BA degrees10.21
Page 45 and 46: NebraskaNevadaLn Inst BA degrees9.2
Page 47: TexasUtahLn Inst BA degrees11.16719

Cohort crowding: how resources affect collegiate attainment

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