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Frequently asked questions on Mulberry DiseasesS.No Question Answer43 What are the reasons for occurrence of powderymildew ?Powdery mildew is caused by the fungal pathogenPhyllactinia corylea and is more common intemperate region. In tropics, it is common duringwinter and rainy season. Temperature 22-26C andRH of 60-70% favour the spread of disease. Thedisease is characterized by white powdery patcheson the lower surface of the leaves in the beginning.As the disease advances, the patches spread to theentire leaf surface and turn to blackish brown incolour.44 How to control powdery mildew disease ? Improved aeration and sunlight in the mulberrygarden will help in checking the spread of disease.Spraying 0.2% Carathian or 0.2% Bavistinfungicides on the lower surface of the leaf will checkthe spread of disease. In highly disease proneareas it is advised to go for wider spacing and toplant powdery mildew tolerant mulberry varieties.45 What are the measures to be taken to control leaf spot Lead spot disease in mulberry is caused by the?fungal pathogen Cercospora moricola. Theincidence of disease is more during rainy season.The diseased leaves have a number of circular orirregular brownish black spots of varying sizes..Serverly affected leaves become yellowish and fllprematurely.To check the spread of the disease, it is advisableto go for plantation with wider spacing. The infectedleaves must be collected and burn them. Twosprays of 0.2% Bavistin at an interval of 10-15 days( safe period 4 days) will help to check the spread ofdisease.46 How to control root rot disease in mulberry ? Now a days root rot disease is becoming veryserious and is caused by the fungus Fusariumsolani and F. oxysporum. The disease apprears inall types of soil and climate throught the year. Thedisease appears in isolated patches in the gardenand spreads quickly to surrounding areas. Infectedplants show the symptoms of sudden withering ofleaves followed by drying / death due to decaying ofrootControl measures:-1. As soon as the symptom appears, uproot theinfected plants and burn it. Remove the soil upto one foot from the infected spot. Dust the pitswith 3-4 Dithan M-45 and plant new saplingafter treating the root system in 0.1% DithaneM-45 solution for 30 minutes.2. Raksha – a biofungicide developed by CSR&TI,Mysore for effective control. Mix 1 kg of Raksha(for 100 plants) with 50 kg FYM and store undershare for a week maintaining 30% moisturecontent and apply the mixure @ 500 g/plantaround the root zone. While replanting in thefailure pits, apply 500 g of mixure per pit, plantthe saplings treated with soil followd byirrigation.47 How to manage leaf rust ? Leaf rust is caused by fungal pathogen Ceratoliumfici. The disease is more common during wintermonths. Infected leaves shows numerous pinheadsize circular to oval brownish to black eruptive

sessions and later turns yellowish. In severe casesthe leaves wither off prematurely. The spread ofdisease can be controlled by timely utilization ofleaves and also by spraying 0.2% Kavch (Chlorothalonil) or Folaf ( Captofol) 2 times at aninterval of 10-15 days ( safe period 4 days)48 How to control thrips in mulberry garden ? The infestation of thrips is frequent during summerseason. Affected leaves shows streaks in the earlystage where as blotches are observed in advancedstage:Control measures:1. Sprinkler irrigation is found to be effective to killthe nymph and adults.2. Spraying of DDVP at 0.2% concentration iseffective ( safe period 17 days)49 How to control ‘ Tukra” disease ? Tukra disease is caused by mealy bug (Maconellicoccus hirsutus) and is considered as themost serious pest of mulberry. The pest sucks thesap from the tender leaves and shoots, whichresults in the malformation of the apical shoot. Theaffected plants show wrinkling of leaves, reducedinternodal distance resulting in stunted growth andreduction in yield. The incidence of tukra is severeduring summer months.Control measures:1. Clipping the Tukra affected apical portion ofmulberry and burning it2. Keep the plot and its surroundings free fromweeds, which may severe as host plants tomealy bug.3. Spray 0.2% DDVP prepared in 0.5% soapsolution after pruning / harvesting of plantstwice at an interval of 10 days ( safe period 17days)4. Release predatory lady bird beetleCryptalaemus montrouzieri @ 250 adults/acre.50 How to control root knot disease in mulberry ? Root knot caused by a nematode, Meloidogynaeincognita is one of the most serious, and widelydistributed diseases of mulberry. It is moreprevalent in sandy soil under irrigated farmingsystem. The disease is soil borne in nature andspreads through contaminated saplings, implementsand cultivation of susceptible crops along withmulberry. The affected plants show stunted growth,marginal necrosis and chlorosis of leaves. Theunder ground symptoms include the formation ofknots / galls on the rootsControl measures:As mulberry is perennial crop, it is difficult to controlthe disease by a single method. Therefore,integrated approach is recommended.1. Apply neem / pongamia oil cake @2MT/ha/year in four split doses.2. Apply Bionema, a bionematicide of VerticilliumChlamydosporeum developmed by CSR & TI,Mysore. Mix 1 kg of Bionema with 24 kg Neemoil cake and 200 kg FYM and store for a weekin shade maintaining 30% moisture content.Apply the mixture @ 200 gr/plant around rootzoneand cover with soil followed by irrigation.

3. In severe cases, apply nematicide Furadan 3 G( Carbofuran) @ 40 kg/ha/year or Sebufos @30 kg/ha/year in four split doses for effectivecontrol of disease.51 How to control Bihar hairy caterpillar ? Spilarctia oblique or commonly called Bihar hairycaterpillar is a voracious eater and the incidence isfrequent during August to February. Each femalemoth lay 1000-2000 eggs in small batches, whichhatch in 5-7 days. Larvae pass six moults andpupate in soil.Control measures:-1. Collection and destruction of egg massesand gregarious young caterpillars.2. Deep ploughing and flood irrigation helps inexposing and killing of pupae3. Spraying 0.2% DDVP prepared in 0.5%,soap solution on mulberry plants to kill thecaterpillars ( safe period 17 days)