(3) Dry adiabatic rate up to cloud base only: 14.30·<strong>16</strong>.30.22nd OC.L; 14.30-11.00,26th <strong>No</strong>v.; 12.00-14.30, 21st <strong>No</strong>v.(4) Stable below cloud layer: 13.4()-15.40, 4th <strong>No</strong>v.; 11.00-13.00, 9th <strong>Feb</strong>.In so far as any lesson can be learned from these few examples, it seems to bethat the morning should be the best time to try climbing IOto strato-cumulusfrom below.Die Kunst, Sicher ZD Oiegen, by Flugkapitiin F. Rrrz. Published byLuftfahrtverlag WaIter Zuerl. Steinebach Worthsee, W. Germany. PriceDM 5.20.HIS book on "The Art of Safe Flying''' won the 1963 Flying Safety Prize ofT the International Flying Safety Foundation, New York. It takes 4() differentsafety rules in turn: each has a page to itself, starting with a report of an actualincident or accident, follQwed by a discussion of the factors involved and endingwith a short summary in heavy type. On the opposite page in eac·h case is anamusing cartoon; seven of these show sailplanes in awkward situations. The bookis well done and deserves translation into other languages.A Colour Guide to Clouds, by RICHARD ScoRER and HARRY WEXLER.Published by Pergamon Press, Oxford, London, Paris, Frankfurt. and byThe Macmillan Company, New York. Price 12s. 6d.ROFESSOR R. S. ("Dick") Scorer is well known in British gliding; the late Dr.P We1tl.er was a distinguished and versatile American meteorologist, whose lastjob, we believe, was analysing the photographs from the first Weather Satellite.This is a beautiful colleclion of 49 colour photograpj}s of clouds, selectedfrom a larger "Colour Encyclopaedia of Clouds" by the same authors. "Theobject of the book," they say, "is to enable the reader not primarily to give theright name to a cloud but to get to know how it ~urs." Many of the clouds areseen from above, taken from high ground, aircraft or space vehicles. Each photois described on the opposite page, and there is also a substantial introduction on"Cloud-building Motion Patterns", with many diagrams. .Some useful hints on observing, measuring, photographing and sketchingclouds are given at the end. But if you sketch an ordinary cumulus only every5 or 10 minutes, as recommended, you will have at most two or three sketches.According to the authors. "The sky c!l.anges most rapidly at sunrise and soin an hour's observing then you will usually see more changes than at any othertime." That is why Dick Scorer got us all up at sunrise on a course at Dale FortField Centre. And that is why, at the World <strong>Gliding</strong> Championships at Madrid,he went up on to' his hotel roof every sunrise and thus became the British team's"secret weapon" which brought victory.Of Flight and Flyers: an aerospace anthology compiled by OLlVERSTEWART. Published 1964 by <strong>No</strong>wnes, London. Price 35s_HIS is one of thc best historics of aviation ever compiled. It consists of extractsT from the most significant writings on the subject - mostly narrative - interspersedwith well-informed and often spicy comments by Oliver Stewart. Thereis no room here for even a summary of its contents; they takc the subject up tospace travel, and cover the past 60 years in detail, with a bit at the beginningabout balloons and early flying experimenters.Mr. Stewart thinks the glamour accorded to the Wright brothers has led toother early ilwentors being given insufficient credit, and regards the first successfulpowered flight as that by Clement Ader in Francc in 1890, though admitting themachine's lack of control. He regards speed as the outstanding factor in aviationprogress, saying: "The picture I seek to present is a picture of speed developmentthrough aviation to space flight." Of aviaticlln he writes: "Its period of growth,development and cxpansion is over," Ilnd though "aviation as a means of transport58
will go on into the foreseeable future", "as a pmgressive technology it has playedits part."There is a large number of e~cellent historic photographs, but only one of aglider - Lilenthars. Perhaps, .now .that progress in sailplane design is almostexclusively aimed at increasing cross-country speed, Mr. Stewart will transfer hisinterest to this subject. A. E. S.CORRES'PONDENCEA GUIDE TO CLOUD·FLYINGDear Sir,I hesi,tate ,to add further to the already voluminolls correspondence on thissubject; my only excuse is that the central topic has drifted from the basic know-howto the consideration of emotional factors in flying and flying training.Going back to my article "The Nature of Accidents" (December, 1963, p. 454),the plain fact is that you can have an accident simply because you get too frightenedto cope. You cannot guarantee that in your flying you will never get frightened,because even if you get so good that you will never frighten yourself (Which formost of us is unlikely), you can be pretty sure that there will be plenty of otherpilots around to do the frightening for you. The solution therefore is that. bytaking numerous small doses of anxiety over a long period, you can increase yourability to tolerate anxiety, so that when the big fright comes along,as come alengit will, you will not be incapacitated by it.There are situations which .are dangerous and frightening like dimbing a tree,and evolution made it so 100,000 years ago. There ate situati«;ms which aredangerous but not frightening like driving a car too fast (but in another 100/000years our descendants will have developed an instinctive fear in this situation).Finally, there are situations which are frightening but not dangerous, like divingoff a high board, and I think it is fair to say that sensible aerobatics and cloud-flyingfall into this category.If you are going to increase your tolerance of anxiety, a factor which may wellbe necessary for your eventual survival in the air, you must get skirt-weaned fromyour instructor at some stage of the game. When you take up cloud-flying yourbiggest problem is to overcome your fear of going into cloud, and in my honestopinion I think you should do this alone.Marlow. Bucks.D. BRENNlG lAMES.THE ARM-CHAIR PILOTDear Sir,I have always found Anthony Edwards's articles both interesting and amusing.His able work on the trapping of polars, and on cross-country flying, would surelywin him a place in any International Team of arm-chair pilots! I certainly do notwish to discourage him from writing more, but I fear that his practical work hasbeen sadly neglected of late. It may be revealing to see this erudite theoretical workput into practice. The theories unfortunately fail to take account of a pilot's previousexperience, ar.d its effect on the chosen course, which often includes more thermalsthan the bare statistics suggest! Even on my best flights, the barograph does notdisplay that orderly array of shark's teeth which is popularly represented as asine qua non of punditry!<strong>No</strong> doubt renewed practical acquaintance with glider driving will enabl~Anthony to enlarge on his basic theories, to include additional factors. Unfortunatelythey will probably then be beyond the comprehension of most of us!I would also like to add my support to Dr. lames's vi.ews on cloud-flying. Myexperiences with artificial horizons are similar" but I feel that any pilot shQuld59
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SA LP A&GLIDIGFebruary - March 1965
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SAILPLANE& GLIDINGOFFICIAL ORGAN OF
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1965 WORLD G,LIDINGCHAMPIONSHIPSHE
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FRED SLINGSBY'S RETIREMENTANY are t
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D-34(o)D·36Polyt 3Kria7
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dead into sun, and the haze made VI
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- Page 17 and 18: TESTING A SOVIET DISCOPLANEBy V. IV
- Page 19 and 20: cursed. The designer looked despond
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- Page 23 and 24: •Official rest day.three pilots a
- Page 25 and 26: 1965 COURSES AT LASHAMHE 196'5 cour
- Page 27 and 28: LEE WAVE uGEN" FOR AEROPLANE PILOTS
- Page 29 and 30: of the Sheffield gale. The other is
- Page 31 and 32: IT wasn't just having to get used t
- Page 33 and 34: change, my man," I sa.id grandly, a
- Page 35 and 36: outes. It's all a snare and a delus
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- Page 45 and 46: RHODESIA'S FIRST 500 KILOMETERSBy E
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- Page 51 and 52: BRITISH GLIDING ASSOCIATION NEWSCHI
- Page 53 and 54: wings ar~ lewel. If you can do this
- Page 55 and 56: T" T I G" I. 1.111 Y 11 74'0THEKRON
- Page 57 and 58: as the squall struck us, about half
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- Page 61 and 62: TRUE FLIGHT-A FABLEBy M. BIRDOOKING
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- Page 77 and 78: And still he wasn't satisfied, this
- Page 79 and 80: As usual, Lasham continues to opera
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