chapter 1 introduction to microprocessor and microcontroller

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1.3.1 TERMS FOR MEMORY CAPACITYKilobyte (K) 2 10 Byte (1024 byte)Megabyte (M) 2 20 byte (1,048,576 byte)Gigabyte (G) Gigabyte (G) : 2 30 byte (1,073,741,824 byte) Terabyte (T) : 2 40 byte (???)1.4 THREE COMMON TERMS IN DIGITAL ELECTRONICSMicrocomputerMicroprocessorMicrocontroller1.4.1 BASIC ELEMENTS OF MICROCOMPUTERA complete set of acomputerMemoryOutputControlInpuALUMicroprocessorMicrocomputerPrepared by Tan KL Page 1-8
A microcomputer system consists of the following components:Peripheral InputPeripheral OutputPeripheral StorageCentral Processing Unit1.4.1 Peripheral Input It is a tool to be used to prepare data or information which will be processed by CentralProcessing Unit. Example: Joystick, Keyboard, Sensor, Scanner1.4.2 Peripheral Output It is a tool to be used to display data or information which has been processed byCentral Processing Unit. Example: Monitor, Printer, Speaker1.4.3 Peripheral Memory It is a tool to be used to store data or information which will be processed or has beenprocessed by Central Processing Unit. Example: Hard disk, CD-ROM, RAM, ROM, Pen drive1.4.4 Central Processing Unit (CPU) It is the most important part in microcomputer system. It acts as a “brain” of amicrocomputer system. It is also called Microprocessor. In here the data are gathered, processed and sent out to display. It can perform operations such as arithmetic (addition, deduction, multiplication anddivision) and logic (AND, OR, NOT etc.) operation and make decision after operation. A general internal architecture of a CPU/Microprocessor is shown in the next page. Example: 80486, Pentium II, AMD AtronPrepared by Tan KL Page 1-9
Page 1 and 2: CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO MICROPROC
Page 3 and 4: Binary Hexadecimal : collecting 4
Page 5 and 6: 1.2.4 EX-OR GATE (Exclusive OR)1.2.
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Page 11 and 12: 1.5 MICROPROCESSOR (CPU) It is the
Page 13 and 14: vii.Address Register This register
Page 15 and 16: 1.6.1 THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MICRO
Page 17 and 18: Exercise:a. List out 4 important co
Page 19 and 20: To execute a program, the program n
Page 21: Exercise:a. With the help of a suit

chapter 1 introduction to microprocessor and microcontroller

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