Medical Aspects of Chemical Warfare (2008) - The Black Vault

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History of Chemical Warfare183. Haig AM Jr. Chemical Warfare in Southeast Asia and Afghanistan. Washington, DC: US Department of State; 1982. SpecialReport to Congress 98.184. Collins JJ. The Soviet military experience in Afghanistan. Milit Rev. 1985;65:27.185. Hoffman MS, ed. The World Almanac and Book of Facts, 1990. New York, NY: Pharos Books; 1990: 44, 46, 49, 721.186. Spiers EM. Chemical Weaponry: a Continuing Challenge. New York, NY: St. Martin’s Press; 1989: 121.187. Dunn P. The chemical war: journey to Iran. Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Defense and Technology International.1986;28–35.188. Associated Press. Iraqi gas attack on Kurds disputed. Washington Times. December 18, 1990.189. Rohrbaugh DK, Ward JR, Yang Y. Comments on the Origin of Mustard in the Gulf War. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md:US Army Chemical Research Development and Engineering Center; 1990: 8. Technical Report.190. Dunn P. Chemical Aspects of the Gulf War, 1984–1987, Investigations by the United Nations. Ascot Vale, Australia: MaterialsResearch Laboratories; 1987.191. United Nations. Report of the Mission Dispatched by the Secretary-General to Investigate Allegations of the Use of ChemicalWeapons in the Conflict Between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Iraq. New York, NY: United Nations Security Council.March 12, 1986: 19.192. U.N. panel says Iraq used gas on civilians. New York Times. August 24, 1988.193. Dingeman J, Jupa R. Chemical warfare in the Iran-Iraq conflict. Strategy & Tactics. 1987;113:51–52.194. Morrison J. Angola again tied to use of nerve gas. Washington Times. March 11, 1988.195. Lancaster P. Fighting guerrillas with gas. The Middle East. June 1, 1987; 17.196. Wayne EA. Libya seeks chemical weapons in war against Chad, US charges. Christian Science Monitor. January 5,1988:A-1.197. Satchell M, Blaug E. A plague of “hellish poison.” US News & World Report. October 26, 1987:30.198. Parker C. Toxic chemical training. Army Chemical Review. 1987:15.199. Polley W, Dlugopolski M, Hartzell W. 40,000 train in chemical environment. Army Chemical Review. 1988:26–31.200. Reid B. Experts debating Saddam’s threat to use chemicals. Baltimore Evening Sun. January 22, 1991.201. Baker C. Tenacity may be Iraqi ace. Army Times. February 4, 1991.202. Atkinson R. No chemical arms found on battlefields. Washington Post. March 7, 1991:A1.203. Associated Press. UN arms monitors destroy Iraqi germ-weapons plant. Baltimore Sun. June 21, 1996:A-22.204. Iraqi weapons plant destroyed. Military Newswire. 1996.205. Smith RJ. Iraq had program for germ warfare. Washington Post. July 6, 1995:A-1.206. Crossette B. Germ war plan underreported, Iraq tells U.N. New York Times. August 23, 1995.207. Herbig AT. Nerve agents–their physiological effects. Army Chemical Review. 1990;July:9–13. PB 3-90-2.75
Medical Aspects of Chemical Warfare208. Barker RB. The future of the DOD chemical/biological defense program. Defense. 1992;May–Jun:27.209. Smart JK. Desert Storm Diary. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md: US Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command;1991.210. Johnson SS. Cheney fears chemical attack possible. USA Today. January 28, 1991:A3211. Gertz B. Nerve gas detected by Czechs during Gulf War. Washington Times. September 7, 1993.212. Gulf War veterans link ailments to destruction of Iraqi bunker. Baltimore Sun. August 11, 1996:3A.213. American soldiers may have been exposed to Iraqi chemical weapons, Pentagon says. Baltimore Sun. June 22,1996:10A.214. Lewthwaite GA. 20,000 troops may have faced gas. Baltimore Sun. October 23, 1996:1A.215. Matthews M. US warns Iraq against using chemical arms. Baltimore Sun. March 10, 1991:16A.216. Tyler PE. U.S. planning air strikes if Iraq uses gas on rebels: Baghdad reportedly told commanders to use chemicals.Baltimore Sun. March 10, 1991:1A.217. Wines M. U.S. hints at chemical arms bunker in Libya. New York Times. March 7, 1991:A13.218. Libya close to finishing huge chemical weapons plant. Baltimore Sun. February 25, 1996:20A.76
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The Coat of Arms1818Medical Departm
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Textbooks of Military MedicinePubli
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MEDICAL ASPECTS o fCHEMICAL WARFARE
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ContentsContributorsForeword by The
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ContributorsMICHAEL ADLER, PhDResea
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DONALD M. MAXWELL, MSResearch Chemi
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ForewordThe US military has been co
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PrefaceA significant concern for th
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PrologueThe original edition of Med
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xxii
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Medical Aspects of Chemical Warfare
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Nerve AgentsChapter 5NERVE AGENTSFR
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Nerve AgentsAbout 10,000 to 30,000
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Nerve Agentsphorofluoridate (DFP) w
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Nerve AgentsFig. 5-2. This schemati
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Nerve AgentsExhibit 5-1 continuedis
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Nerve Agentsactivity but only 15% t
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Nerve AgentsTABLE 5-3CHEMICAL, PHYS
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Nerve AgentsTABLE 5-4EFFECTS OF EXP
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Nerve Agentsaffecting the other eye
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Nerve Agentsmay cause severe rhinor
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Nerve Agentsof jerks and tremor.Cen
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Nerve Agentsand they were decreased
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Nerve Agentsnerve agent toxicity on
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Nerve Agentspatient. Decontaminatio
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Nerve AgentsFig. 5-5. The Mark I ki
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Nerve Agentsadministered intramuscu
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Nerve Agentsthat hydroxamine reacti
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Nerve AgentsOral administration may
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Nerve AgentsTABLE 5-7RECOMMENDED TH
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Nerve Agentsimpairment such as whee
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Nerve Agentssuboptimal, manner. The
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Nerve Agentsthan those who did not.
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Nerve Agentssible for binding nerve
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Nerve Agentsfor comparison was not
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Nerve AgentsTABLE 5-11EFFECTS OF PY
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Nerve Agentstivity of smooth muscle
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Nerve Agents38. Grob D, Lilienthal
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Nerve Agents77. McDonough JH, Shih
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Nerve Agents117. McLeod CG Jr, Sing
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Nerve Agents154. Tryphonas l, Veino
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Nerve Agents193. Funckes AJ. Treatm
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Nerve Agents235. Suzuki T, Morita H
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Nerve Agents274. Pellegrini JE, Bak
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PROCESSMedical Aspects of Chemical
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Triage of Chemical CasualtiesChapte
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Triage of Chemical Casualtiesreceiv
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Triage of Chemical Casualtiesentran
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Triage of Chemical Casualtiescatego
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Triage of Chemical CasualtiesIn a f
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Triage of Chemical Casualtiesnose)
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Triage of Chemical CasualtiesWith n
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Triage of Chemical Casualties14. Sa
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Decontamination of Chemical Casualt
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• Analyze using GC-MS with methan
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Abbreviations and AcronymsAbBreviat
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Abbreviations and AcronymsPADPRP: p
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