Powering growth - Aztech Group Ltd - Investor Relations

Powering growth - Aztech Group Ltd - Investor Relations Powering growth - Aztech Group Ltd - Investor Relations

aztech.listedcompany.com
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13.07.2015 Views

56a z t e c h a n n u a l r e p o r t 2 0 0 9F i n a n c i a l S t a t e m e n t s2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d)INTANGIBLE ASSETSInternally-generated intangible assets - research and development expenditureExpenditure on research activities is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred.An internally-generated intangible asset arising from development (or from the development phase of an internal project) is recognised if, and onlyif, all of the following have been demonstrated:• the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale;• the intention to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it;• the ability to use or sell the intangible asset;• how the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits;• the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the intangible asset;and• the ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development.The amount initially recognised for internally-generated intangible assets is the sum of the expenditure incurred from the date when the intangibleasset first meets the recognition criteria listed above. Development costs that have been capitalised as intangible assets are amortised from thecommencement of the commercial production on a straight-line basis over the period of its expected benefits, which normally does not exceed3 years. Where no internally generated asset can be recognised, development expenditure is charged to profit or loss in the period in which it isincurred.Subsequent to initial recognition, internally-generated intangible assets are reported at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulatedimpairment losses.IMPAIRMENT OF TANGIBLE AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS EXCLUDING GOODWILL - At the end of each reporting period, the Group reviews thecarrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairmentloss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (ifany). Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Group estimates the recoverable amount of the cashgeneratingunit to which the asset belongs.Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and intangible assets not yet available for use are tested for impairment annually, and whenever thereis an indication that the asset may be impaired.Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows arediscounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risksspecific to the asset.If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset(cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate ofits recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had noimpairment loss been recognised for the asset (cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediatelyin profit or loss.

F i n a n c i a l S t a t e m e n t sa z t e c h a n n u a l r e p o r t 2 0 0 9572 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d)PROVISIONS - Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, and it isprobable that the Group will be required to settle that obligation. Provisions are measured at the directors’ best estimate of the expenditurerequired to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reportingperiod, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. Where a provision is measured using the cash flows estimatedto settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows.When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, the receivable isrecognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.WarrantiesProvision for warranty costs are recognised at the date of sale of the relevant products, at the directors’ best estimate of the expenditure requiredto settle the Group’s obligation.LEASES - Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownershipto the lessee. All other leases are classified as operating leases.The Group as lessorRental income from operating leases is recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease unless another systematic basis ismore representative of the time pattern in which use benefit derived from the leased asset is diminished. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiatingand arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognised on a straight-line basis over the leaseterm.Rental income from subletting arrangements is recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease.The Group as lesseeAssets held under finance leases are recognised as assets of the Group at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the presentvalue of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the statement of financial position as a finance leaseobligation. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate ofinterest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are charged directly to profit or loss, unless they are directly attributable toqualifying assets, in which case they are capitalised in accordance with the Group’s general policy on borrowing costs (see below). Contingentrentals are recognised as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.Rentals payable under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease unless anothersystematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed. Contingent rentalsarising under operating leases are recognised as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.In the event that lease incentives are received to enter into operating leases, such incentives are recognised as a liability. The aggregate benefit ofincentives is recognised as a reduction of rental expense on a straight-line basis, except where another systematic basis is more representativeof the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed.

F i n a n c i a l S t a t e m e n t sa z t e c h a n n u a l r e p o r t 2 0 0 9572 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d)PROVISIONS - Provisions are recognised when the <strong>Group</strong> has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, and it isprobable that the <strong>Group</strong> will be required to settle that obligation. Provisions are measured at the directors’ best estimate of the expenditurerequired to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reportingperiod, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. Where a provision is measured using the cash flows estimatedto settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows.When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, the receivable isrecognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.WarrantiesProvision for warranty costs are recognised at the date of sale of the relevant products, at the directors’ best estimate of the expenditure requiredto settle the <strong>Group</strong>’s obligation.LEASES - Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownershipto the lessee. All other leases are classified as operating leases.The <strong>Group</strong> as lessorRental income from operating leases is recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease unless another systematic basis ismore representative of the time pattern in which use benefit derived from the leased asset is diminished. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiatingand arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognised on a straight-line basis over the leaseterm.Rental income from subletting arrangements is recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease.The <strong>Group</strong> as lesseeAssets held under finance leases are recognised as assets of the <strong>Group</strong> at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the presentvalue of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the statement of financial position as a finance leaseobligation. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate ofinterest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are charged directly to profit or loss, unless they are directly attributable toqualifying assets, in which case they are capitalised in accordance with the <strong>Group</strong>’s general policy on borrowing costs (see below). Contingentrentals are recognised as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.Rentals payable under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease unless anothersystematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed. Contingent rentalsarising under operating leases are recognised as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.In the event that lease incentives are received to enter into operating leases, such incentives are recognised as a liability. The aggregate benefit ofincentives is recognised as a reduction of rental expense on a straight-line basis, except where another systematic basis is more representativeof the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed.

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