Methodology for the Evaluation of Natural Ventilation in ... - Cham
Methodology for the Evaluation of Natural Ventilation in ... - Cham
Methodology for the Evaluation of Natural Ventilation in ... - Cham
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Total Electric (kWh/m2)Total Gas (kWh/m2)Internal Loads (Lights andOffice Equipment, kWh/m2)Houghton HallStandard (Std.)Good Practice (GP)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160kWh/m 2Figure 25. Comparison <strong>of</strong> Prototype to ECG019, Good Practice and Typical <strong>Natural</strong> VentilatedBuild<strong>in</strong>gsThe Energy Consumption Guide 019 (Action Energy, 2003) establishes a range <strong>of</strong> energy usage<strong>for</strong> build<strong>in</strong>gs; Houghton Hall was compared to <strong>the</strong> Open Floor Plan <strong>Natural</strong>ly Ventilated OfficeBuild<strong>in</strong>g. With<strong>in</strong> this category, Houghton Hall overall fell <strong>in</strong> between Standard (Std) and GoodPractice (GP), with <strong>the</strong> data lean<strong>in</strong>g towards <strong>the</strong> Typical side <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> range. This is showngraphically <strong>in</strong> Figure 25. The energy usage is <strong>the</strong> total annual consumption <strong>for</strong> each particularcategory, and <strong>for</strong> overall electric and natural gas energy usage. S<strong>in</strong>ce <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>ternal loads could notbe broken down <strong>in</strong>to light<strong>in</strong>g and <strong>of</strong>fice equipment, <strong>the</strong>se categories were comb<strong>in</strong>ed and <strong>the</strong>results presented. It is thought that Houghton Hall is towards <strong>the</strong> ‗Standard‘ side <strong>of</strong> light<strong>in</strong>g and<strong>of</strong>fice equipment due to <strong>the</strong> operation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> light<strong>in</strong>g and computer systems, <strong>in</strong>clusion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>computer server room <strong>in</strong> monitor<strong>in</strong>g, and <strong>the</strong> energy usage <strong>of</strong> kitchenette areas located on eachfloor level. This <strong>in</strong>clusion <strong>in</strong>creases <strong>the</strong> base l<strong>in</strong>e energy consumption, particularly dur<strong>in</strong>goccupied and less so dur<strong>in</strong>g unoccupied hours. It also contributes to <strong>the</strong> total annual electricenergy consumption, as <strong>the</strong>re is not much o<strong>the</strong>r electrical energy us<strong>in</strong>g with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> build<strong>in</strong>g, with<strong>the</strong> exception <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> lift. As <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> natural gas consumption, <strong>the</strong> data presented was obta<strong>in</strong>edfrom <strong>the</strong> first year <strong>of</strong> occupation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> build<strong>in</strong>g, when some issues with <strong>the</strong> control scheme andbuild<strong>in</strong>g tightness were be<strong>in</strong>g addressed. Orig<strong>in</strong>ally, <strong>the</strong> louvers at <strong>the</strong> stack vents were not wellsealed, and air from <strong>the</strong> build<strong>in</strong>g was leak<strong>in</strong>g through <strong>the</strong> louvers, draw<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> additional outsideair dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> w<strong>in</strong>ter months <strong>in</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r locations with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> build<strong>in</strong>g. This caused <strong>the</strong> boilers tooperate more frequently try<strong>in</strong>g to keep <strong>the</strong> build<strong>in</strong>g warm. This issue was addressed, and rubber67