Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide

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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidebash$ echo *abs-book.sgml add-drive.sh agram.sh alias.sh*?The * also represents any number (or zero) characters in a regular expression.arithmetic operator. In the context of arithmetic operations, the * denotes multiplication.A double asterisk, **, is the exponentiation operator.test operator. Within certain expressions, the ? indicates a test for a condition.In a double parentheses construct, the ? can serve as an element of a C-style trinary operator, ?:.(( var0 = var1
Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideA listing of commands within parentheses starts a subshell.Variables inside parentheses, within the subshell, are not visible to the rest of thescript. The parent process, the script, cannot read variables created in the childprocess, the subshell.a=123( a=321; )echo "a = $a" # a = 123# "a" within parentheses acts like a local variable.array initialization.Array=(element1 element2 element3){xxx,yyy,zzz,...}Brace expansion.cat {file1,file2,file3} > combined_file# Concatenates the files file1, file2, and file3 into combined_file.cp file22.{txt,backup}# Copies "file22.txt" to "file22.backup"A command may act upon a comma-separated list of file specs within braces. [17] Filenameexpansion (globbing) applies to the file specs between the braces.No spaces allowed within the braces unless the spaces are quoted or escaped.echo {file1,file2}\ :{\ A," B",' C'}{a..z}file1 : A file1 : B file1 : C file2 : A file2 : B file2 :CExtended Brace expansion.echo {a..z} # a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z# Echoes characters between a and z.{}echo {0..3} # 0 1 2 3# Echoes characters between 0 and 3.The {a..z} extended brace expansion construction is a feature introduced in version 3 of Bash.Block of code [curly brackets]. Also referred to as an inline group, this construct, in effect, createsan anonymous function (a function without a name). However, unlike in a "standard" function, thevariables inside a code block remain visible to the remainder of the script.bash$ { local a;a=123; }bash: local: can only be used in afunctiona=123Chapter 3. Special Characters 13
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Page 13 and 14: Part 2. BasicsTable of Contents3. S
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideThis o
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideecho -
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# Note
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidelet "h
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Chapter 9. Variables RevisitedUsed
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideintern
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide$OSTYP
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideThis i
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideTMOUT=
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideexit 0
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#!/bin/bash# arglist.sh# Invoke thi
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideecho -
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MINLEN=45 # May need to change this
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideecho $
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$OPERATION $file > "$filename.$SUFF
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide${stri
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideecho u
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideThisVa
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strip_leading_zero2 () # Strip poss
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideExpans
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide{FOO="
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chkMirrorArchs () {arch="$1";if [ "
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidenumber
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# $boz
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# 1) S
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#+ that the number of times the end
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideechoec
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideExampl
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Chapter 10. Loops and BranchesWhat
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide/sbin/
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thenecho "Usage: `basename $0` sear
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done | sort# Otherwise file list is
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide#!/bin
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidevar1=u
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuidedoneNo
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# Why does loop print up to 20?echo
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidelockfi
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echo " ------- ----"echo "Choose on
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideA case
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidec=-Wha
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Chapter 11. Command SubstitutionCom
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#+ or even (horrors), control chara
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideThe $(
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Chapter 12. Arithmetic ExpansionAri
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Part 4. CommandsMastering the comma
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide• fl
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• nm• nmap• nohup• nslookup
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide• ti
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Chapter 14. Internal Commands and B
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# Let'
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideread#
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideechoex
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# ====
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{do}{echo "{$line}"}{last=$line}{do
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidelet "a
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# ====
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidefirst_
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidebash$
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide#+ but
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#+ since the script effectively "ex
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuidetrueA
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideYou ma
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideecho "
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Chapter 15. External Filters, Progr
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chattrAdvanced Bash-Scripting Guide
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home/bozo/test-scripts/1.txtAdvance
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;;*) echo "Deleting file \"$1\".";;
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideif [ !
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# Stri
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideUtilit
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This line occurs only once.This lin
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cut -d ' ' -f1,2 /etc/mtabUsing cut
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidehead -
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuidegrepA
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideword=L
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# Note
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do if look "$word" > /dev/nullthen
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidefitr a
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# Chan
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# 'cat -n' sees the above line as n
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# Speed of copying. It's faster tha
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidedistri
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For an interesting use of this comm
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidewlist=
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuidecmpThe
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csplit "$0" "$CHUNKSIZE"# Some comm
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidelet "n
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuidecryptA
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideSome i
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}IFS=$
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide--- lo
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideE_NOPA
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"/4/i386/gnbd-*""/4/i386/kernel-smp
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RET=$?--exclude '*' \$URL $DEST \|
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuidescpTha
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15.8. Math Commands"Doing the numbe
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# This
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideechofo
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideSomewh
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideIt is
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideA dd -
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#+ otherwise you get weird results.
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guiderandom
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidedialog
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# The
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideunameO
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideThe nc
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidedfdmes
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A load average of 1 or less indicat
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Job ControlAdvanced Bash-Scripting
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidesecuri
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideapplic
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See also Example 16-8 and Example 2
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideIt mig
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide#+ whi
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide16.1.
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Part 5. Advanced TopicsAt this poin
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Chapter 17. Regular Expressions. .
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideThis l
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidestanda
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# Leading tab in each line will not
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# cat
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide:
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideif [ "
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ead -p "Title: " titlecat - $file
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Chapter 19. I/O RedirectionThere ar
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidecat Fi
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Example 19-2. Redirecting stdout us
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}donee
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# Why
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# Read
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then# exec 7 >(exec gawk '{print st
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide( comm
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# When
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Chapter 21. Restricted ShellsDisabl
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Chapter 22. Process SubstitutionPip
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echo $des $what $mask $ifacedone #
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideREPEAT
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidefunc (
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Example 23-7. Maximum of two number
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideto_rom
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideretval
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide} < fi
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}while
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do # Calculate $MAXTERM+1 terms.FIB
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Chapter 24. AliasesA Bash alias is
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drwxr-xr-x 40 bozo bozo 2048 Feb 6
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide#!/bin
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Chapter 26. ArraysNewer versions of
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Line[2]="The beauty of inflections"
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# Longest match from front of strin
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideechoel
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echoecho "Stack height for array2 =
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# array1=( `cat "$filename" | tr '\
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide#+ or
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidecnt=${
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidethenex
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideTEST2=
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initializesiftprint_primes# This is
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}pop()
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidet0=`ex
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidefor ((
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Chapter 27. /dev and /procA Linux o
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide#+ or
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide## /pr
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Chapter 28. Of Zeros and Nulls/dev/
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# 3) t
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Chapter 29. DebuggingDebugging is t
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}DEBUG
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# The
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideINDICE
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Chapter 30. OptionsOptions are sett
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Chapter 31. GotchasTurandot: Gli en
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideechonu
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• A script may not export variabl
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidefoundo
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Chapter 32. Scripting With StyleGet
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideEnder
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# interactive...fiAlternatively, th
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# --co
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide#+ occ
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# }' "$filename"# -----------------
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#+ a generated $i equals $MAXVAL.#
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideToo ma
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# This is the 5th argument and is o
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideA simi
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideechoex
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidetput c
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidedone}e
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`cat horse_${MOVE_HORSE}_position |
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidefiif [
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidelocal
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# Pack
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideelse#
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide33.11.
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideSuits[
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidedoneec
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidelet a+
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time. You will get neither help nor
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Very special thanks to the hard-wor
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Still considered a standard referen
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This well-written book contains som
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideThe GN
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Appendix A. Contributed ScriptsThes
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide#! /bi
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide;;*) e
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidemonth=
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide#+ of
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideALIVE1
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}# ===
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidefidone
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidereturn
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideE_DIR=
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}s2_va
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidefuncti
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# NOTE
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide--full
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# ${LIST[$inode]} Name: ${LIST[$nam
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[13] Time of last changectime refle
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# And then there was some test code
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# Auth
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}eval
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Example A-24. More on hash function
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# ----
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prodid=`$DEVLABEL printid -d $part`
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if [ ! "$line" ] # Blank line?then#
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidefor lo
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# Element 3: \'Pass: \' is: 10 long
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# Initialize 'Me' to something for
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1) A Blacklist server name;2) A fil
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}local
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}# Bui
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# Addresses which we have checked (
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideif [ $
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}# Som
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dig +noall +nofail +answer +authori
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# Move name to chk_name.# Add addre
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local -a _den_ns # Name-Serviceloca
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide_den_r
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# Upda
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}retur
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}_pend
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidedo_use
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideOption
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide(a) Re
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidea publ
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# There are a few exceptions, where
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# If we got this far without making
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideWoptio
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# Set a flag since stuff is done in
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ead inFilefidonefilePath="${savePat
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# Tell
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# ==>
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidefi-o $
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide`date`
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide## An
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideroot:
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidethencd
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidefififi
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideThe di
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# Output of the @ command.....# Ski
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidecd_max
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidedone#
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echo "" >>$savefilefill_in Author_F
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidefill_i
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide## Edi
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# With
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echo '- - Output of function _simpl
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide#### P
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# Note also that the output does NO
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# Call this script with multiple ar
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide_123()
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideAppend
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide-z Str
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expr match "$string" '$substring'ex
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Appendix C. A Sed and Awk Micro-Pri
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The most important parts of any app
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# Used
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Appendix D. Exit Codes With Special
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lsof 426 root 1w FIFO 0,0 7520 pipe
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideHoweve
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Appendix G. Important Filesstartup
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidedevice
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# Esca
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide---Thi
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Appendix K. A Sample .bashrc FileTh
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide#-----
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# tail
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide}mv "$
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guidecomple
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideawk '{
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Appendix L. Converting DOS Batch Fi
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MKDIR mkdir make directoryMORE more
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Appendix M. ExercisesM.1. Analyzing
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Perform a recursive directory listi
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideonce f
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide# = 1/
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideThe "f
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideThe sc
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide0.1 14
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Appendix P. To Do List• A compreh
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Appendix Q. CopyrightThe Advanced B
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Appendix R. ASCII TableIn a book of
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&j Redirect stdout to file descript
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide${para
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$# Number of arguments passed to a
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide.bashr
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideCompre
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideEnviro
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• shift arguments passed to a fun
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jot, Emit a sequence of integers. E
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide-lt ,
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuidePerl,
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Pseudo-code, as problem-solving met
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• $ (dollar sign) Anchor• . (do
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Advanced Bash-Scripting GuideSpecia
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• -f File is a regular file• -g
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guideunset,
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Zombie, a process that has terminat
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This is only true of the GNU versio
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[83] An external command invoked wi
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