Quantum Physics

PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTSGroupHI1.00801GroupIITransition elements1s 1 1s 1 1s 23d 7 4s 2 6 2 2s 1 2s 2Atomic mass †2p40.082p 2 2p 3 2p 4 2p 5 2p 6Li 3 Be 4B 5 C 6 N 7 O 8 F 9 Ne 106.94 Na 22.99 3s 1 9.012Mg 24.313s 2Symbol Ca 4s 220 Atomic numberElectron configuration10.81 Al 26.98 3p 1 12.011 Si 28.09 3p 2 14.007 P 30.97 3p 3 15.999 S 32.06 3p 4 18.998 Cl 35.453 3p 5 20.18Ar 39.9483p 611 1213 14 15 16 17 184s 1 4s 2 3d 1 4s 2 3d 2 4s 2 3d 3 4s 2 3d 5 4s 1 3d 5 4s 2 3d 6 4s 2 3d 8 4s 2 3d 10 4s 1 3d 10 4s 2 4p 1 4p 2 4p 3 4p 4 4p 5 4p 6K 19 Ca 20 Sc 21 Ti 22 V 23 Cr 24 Mn 25 Fe 26 Co 27 Ni 28 Cu 29 Zn 30 Ga 31 Ge 32 As 33 Se 34 Br 35 Kr 3639.102 40.08 44.96 47.90 50.94 51.996 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.71 63.54 65.37 69.72 72.59 74.92 78.96 79.91 83.805s 1 5s 2 4d 1 5s 2 4d 2 5s 2 4d 4 5s 1 4d 5 5s 1 4d 5 5s 2 4d 7 5s 1 4d 8 5s 1 e 4d 10 4d 10 5s 1 4d 10 5s 2 5p 1 5p 2 5p 3 5p 4 5p 5 5p 6Rb 37 Sr 38 Y 39 Zr 40 Nb 41 Mo 42 Tc 43 Ru 44 Rh 45 Pd 46 Ag 47 Cd 48 In 49 Sn 50 Sb 51 T 52 I 53 Xe 5485.47 87.62 88.906 91.22 92.91 95.94 (99) 101.1 102.91 106.4 107.87 112.40 114.82 118.69 121.75 127.60 126.90 131.306s 1 6s 25d 2 6s 2 5d 3 6s 2 5d 4 6s 2 5d 5 6s 2 5d 6 6s 2 5d 7 6s 2 5d 9 6s 1 5d 10 6s 1 5d 10 6s 2 6p 1 6p 2 6p 3 6p 4 6p 5 6p 6Cs 55 Ba 56 57-71* Hf 72 Ta 73 W 74 Re 75 Os 76 Ir 77 Pt 78 Au 79 Hg 80 Tl 81 Pb 82 Bi 83 Po 84 At 85 Rn 86132.91 137.34178.49 180.95 183.85 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.09 196.97 200.59 204.37 207.2 208.98 (210) (218) (222)7s 1 7s 26d 2 7s 2 6d 3 7s 25d 1 6s 2 5d 1 4f 1 6s 2 4f 3 6s 2 4f 4 6s 2 4f 5 6s 2 4f 7 6s 2 5d 1 4f 7 6s 2 5d 1 4f 8 6s 2 4f 10 6s 2 4f 11 6s 2 4f 12 6s 2 4f 13 6s 2 4f 14 6s 2 5d 1 4f 14 Fr 87 Ra 88 89-103** Rf 104 Db 105 Sg 106 Bh 107 Hs 108 Mt 109 Ds 110 †† 111 †† 112†† 114(223) (226)(261) (262) (263) (262) (265) (266) (271) (272) (285)(289)*Lanthanide series La 138.91 57 Ce 140.12 58 Pr 140.91 59 Nd 144.24 60 Pm (147) 61 Sm 150.4 62 Eu 152.0 63 Gd 157.25 64 Tb 158.92 65 Dy 162.50 66 Ho 164.93 67 Er 167.26 68 Tm 168.93 69 Yb 173.04 70 Lu 174.97716d 1 7s 2 6d 2 7s 2 5f 2 6d 1 7s 2 5f 3 6d 1 7s 2 5f 4 6d 1 7s 2 5f 6 6d 0 7s 2 5f 7 6d 0 7s 2 5f 7 6d 1 7s 2 5f 8 6d 1 7s 2 5f 10 6d 0 7s 2 5s 11 6d 0 7s 2 5f 12 6d 0 7s 2 5f 13 6d 0 7s 2 6d 0 7s 2 6d 1 7s 2**Actinide series Ac 89 Th 90 Pa 91 U 92 Np 93 4f 6 6s 2 Pu 94 Am 95 Cm 96 Bk 97 Cf 98 Es 99 Fm 100 Md 101 No 102 Lr 6s 2103(227) (232) (231) (238) (239) (239) (243) (245) (247) (249) (254) (253) (255) (255) (257)GroupIIIGroupIVGroupVGroupVIGroupVIIH1.00801Group0He4.00262Note: Atomic mass values given are averaged over isotopes in the percentages in which they exist in nature.† For an unstable element, mass number of the most stable known isotope is given in parentheses.†† Elements 111–114 have not yet been named.