Measles, Mumps, and Rubella - Centers for Disease Control and ...
Measles, Mumps, and Rubella - Centers for Disease Control and ... Measles, Mumps, and Rubella - Centers for Disease Control and ...
vi MMWR May 22, 1998The following CDC staff members prepared this report*:John C. Watson, M.D., M.P.H.Stephen C. Hadler, M.D.Clare A. Dykewicz, M.D., M.P.H.Susan Reef, M.D.Lynelle Phillips, R.N., M.P.H.Epidemiology and Surveillance DivisionNational Immunization Program*Other contributors include: Gina Terraciano, D.O., M.P.H.; Robert T. Chen, M.D., M.A.; FrederikP. L. Van Loon, M.D., Ph.D.; Sherrilyn Wainwright, D.V.M., M.P.H.
Vol. 47 / No. RR-8 MMWR 1Measles, Mumps, and Rubella—Vaccine Use and Strategies for Elimination ofMeasles, Rubella, and Congenital Rubella Syndromeand Control of Mumps:Recommendations of the Advisory Committee onImmunization Practices (ACIP)SUMMARYThese revised recommendations of the Advisory Committee on ImmunizationPractices (ACIP) on measles, mumps, and rubella prevention supersederecommendations published in 1989 and 1990. This statement summarizesthe goals and current strategies for measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome(CRS) elimination and for mumps reduction in the United States.Changes from previous recommendations include• Emphasis on the use of combined MMR vaccine for most indications;• A change in the recommended age for routine vaccination to 12–15 months forthe first dose of MMR, and to 4–6 years for the second dose of MMR;• A recommendation that all states take immediate steps to implement a two doseMMR requirement for school entry and any additional measures needed to ensurethat all school-aged children are vaccinated with two doses of MMR by 2001;• A clarification of the role of serologic screening to determine immunity;• A change in the criteria for determining acceptable evidence of rubella immunity;• A recommendation that all persons who work in health-care facilities have acceptableevidence of measles and rubella immunity;• Changes in the recommended interval between administration of immune globulinand measles vaccination; and• Updated information on adverse events and contraindications, particularly forpersons with severe HIV infection, persons with a history of egg allergy or gelatinallergy, persons with a history of thrombocytopenia, and persons receiving steroidtherapy.INTRODUCTIONSince monovalent vaccines containing measles, rubella, and mumps vaccineviruses—and subsequently combined measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine—werelicensed, the numbers of reported cases of measles, mumps, rubella, and congenitalrubella syndrome (CRS) have decreased by more than 99%. In 1993, the ChildhoodImmunization Initiative established goals of eliminating indigenous transmissionof measles and rubella in the United States by 1996. Subsequently, the goals of the
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vi MMWR May 22, 1998The following CDC staff members prepared this report*:John C. Watson, M.D., M.P.H.Stephen C. Hadler, M.D.Clare A. Dykewicz, M.D., M.P.H.Susan Reef, M.D.Lynelle Phillips, R.N., M.P.H.Epidemiology <strong>and</strong> Surveillance DivisionNational Immunization Program*Other contributors include: Gina Terraciano, D.O., M.P.H.; Robert T. Chen, M.D., M.A.; FrederikP. L. Van Loon, M.D., Ph.D.; Sherrilyn Wainwright, D.V.M., M.P.H.
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