Measles, Mumps, and Rubella - Centers for Disease Control and ...

Vol. 47 / No. RR-8 MMWR 27are listed in the manufacturer’s package insert, no causal relationship has been establishedbetween these events and MMR vaccination.Evidence does not support a causal association of administration of measlescontainingvaccine with risk for Crohn disease, a hypothesis proposed by some researchersin the United Kingdom and Sweden (151–156 ). Other researchers havebeen unable to replicate the laboratory findings that were reported to support thishypothesized association (157,158 ). Concerns also have been raised about the methodsused in the epidemiologic studies that suggested an association between Crohndisease and measles vaccination (159–163 ). Other data do not support an associationbetween measles vaccination and risk for Crohn disease or other inflammatory boweldisease (164,165 ).Infection with mumps virus may trigger the onset of diabetes mellitus in some persons.However, no association has been established between vaccination with MMRor other mumps virus vaccine and pancreatic damage or subsequent development ofdiabetes mellitus (150 ).Fever, Rash, Lymphadenopathy, or ParotitisMeasles, rubella, and mumps vaccines may cause fever after vaccination; the measlescomponent of MMR vaccine is most often associated with this adverse event.Approximately 5% of children develop a temperature of ≥103 F (≥39.4 C) after MMRvaccination. Such febrile reactions usually occur 7–12 days after vaccination and generallylast 1–2 days (166 ). Most persons with fever are otherwise asymptomatic.Measles- and rubella-containing vaccines (including MMR) can cause transientrashes, which usually appear 7–10 days after vaccination, in approximately 5% of vaccinatedpersons. Transient lymphadenopathy sometimes occurs following administrationof MMR or other rubella-containing vaccine, and parotitis has been reportedrarely following administration of MMR or other mumps-containing vaccine.Allergic ReactionsHypersensitivity reactions, usually consisting of urticaria or a wheal and flare at theinjection site, occur rarely after administration of MMR or any of its component vaccines.Immediate anaphylactic reactions to these vaccines are very rare. More than70 million doses of MMR vaccine have been distributed in the United States since theVaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) was implemented in 1990. Thereported rate of possible anaphylaxis after vaccination with measles-containing vaccineis