Libro Blanco Vol I en Ingles

More documents

Recommendations

Info

FIGURE 7Total spending vs. spending per student oneducationPorcentajeDólares convertidos a PPC0 2 4 6 80 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000CoreaDinamarcaDinamarcaSueciaN. ZelandaCanadaGasto total en educación(% del PIB)ChileAustraliaSueciaFinlandiaNota: El gasto de Hungría, Polonia y Canadácorresponde sólo a gasto público.PoloniaN. ZelandaHungríaCoreaFinlandiaHungríaCanadaGasto total en educación por estudiantePoloniaAustraliaChile has a similar proportional spending level on education asbenchmark developed countries (above). However, in absoluteterms, Chile has a lower spending level per student than thebenchmark developed countries and it is even lower than the levelin countries with similar per capita income levels, like Hungary andPoland (below). In the latter cases, the figures only correspond topublic spending.Source: Studies Unit, Executive Secretariat, Innovation Council.Based on "Education at a Glance”, OECD, 2006.ChileFIGURE 8Public spending on educationGasto público en educación como porcentaje del PIB(promedio período 1999-2004)ChinaSingapurCoreaChileRep. ChecaHong KongAustraliaCanadaLetoniaLituaniaEstoniaFinlandiaNueva ZelandaMalasiaSueciaDinamarca2.08TOWARDS A NATIONAL INNOVATION STRATEGY FOR COMPETITIVENESS3.723.944.034.164.34.875.535.645.96.026.216.796.977.460 2 4 6 8Puntos porcentuales del PIBMost high-growth economies with abundant natural resources havea higher level of public spending on education than Chile, exceptSouth Korea and Singapore. However, the latter have a high levelof private spending.Source: Studies Unit, Executive Secretariat, Innovation Council.Based on the "World Development Indicators”, World Bank (2006).8.39FIGURE 9Public spending on education(per person less than 24 years of age)% del ingreso per cápita% del ingreso per cápita5 10 15 205 10 15 20 25 30Gasto público en educación por habitante en edadescolar (% del PIB per cápita) y PIB per cápita199 12002199120021 991199 120021 9912 0020 5000 10000 15000200 2199 12 002VOLUME 1Source: Innovation Council. Based on “The World Economy: Historical Statistics”,A. Maddison (2001); “World Economic Outlook” (Sept. 2006), IMF; "WorldDevelopment Indicators”, World Bank (2006); “World Population Prospects: The2004 Revision Population Database”, United Nations (2005); "World Development 47Indicators”, World Bank (2006). PPP indicates Purchasing Power Parity.199 11991PIB per cápita PPCPaíses de rápido crecimientoChina Corea Chile EstoniaIndia Letonia Lituania MalasiaTailandiaTendenciapromedioGasto público en educación por habitante en edadescolar (% del PIB per cápita) y PIB per cápita199 119911991 2 0022002200 2 1 9912002 2002199 119912 002199 12002199 12002200 219911 991 2002 199119912002 1 991 1 9910 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000PIB per cápita PPCPaíses intensivos en recursos naturales y de rápido crecimientoAustralia China Canada CoreaChile Estonia India DinamarcaFinlandia Letonia Lituania MalasiaNueva Zelanda Suecia TailandiaTendenciapromedioPublic spending on education in Chile per person of school-going age –asa percentage of per capita income– is below the corresponding level forhigh-growth economies (above) and also if successful countries, rich innatural resources are added (above).20022002200 220022 00220022 002
TOWARDS A NATIONAL INNOVATION STRATEGY FOR COMPETITIVENESSVOLUME 1FIGURE 10How much Chile invests in R+DFIGURE 11Composition of R+D spendingFIGURE 12Composition of R+D spending% PIB gastado en I+D0 1 2 3 4Gasto en I+D (% del PIB) y PIB per cápitaChile0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000Producto per cápita (PPC)Dinamarca Finlandia Noruega SueciaAustralia N. Zelanda Irlanda MalasiaLetonia China Chile CoreaTaiwán Hong Kong Singapur EsloveniaEstonia Lituania Tendencia promedioChilean spending in R+D as a percentage of GDP is below the levelappropriate to its income level, in comparison to the trends ofsuccessful countries, which are rich in natural resources and havehigh growth.Source: Studies Unit, Executive Secretariat, Innovation Council.Based on “World Development Indicators”, World Bank (Sept. 2006);“The World Economy: Historical Statistics”, A. Maddison (2001);“World Economic Outlook”, International Monetary Fund (Sept. 2006).Porcentaje0 .5 1 1.5Porcentaje del gasto público en I+D(% del PIB)SingapurAustraliaCoreaEstados UnidosFranciaAustriaSueciaFinlandiaAlemaniaNueva ZelandiaReino UnidoSuizaDinamarcaJapónBélgicaChilePublic spending on R+D in Chile, which in 2004 was 0.3% of GDP,is lower than that of developed countries.Source: Studies Unit of the Secretariat of the Innovation Council forCompetitiveness, based on data from the Main Science andTechnology Indicators, OECD.Porcentaje0 20 40 60 80 100Composición del gasto en I+Dpor fuente de financiamientoJapónSuizaCoreaSueciaFinlandiaChinaDinamarcaEsloveniaAlemaniaEstados UnidosIrlandaCanadáSingapurNoruegaRepública ChecaNueva ZelandaChileMéxicoFuente del gastoPúblico PrivadoOtras fuentes nacionales ExtranjeroThe figure shows successful countries and the percentage of GDP investedby the public sector in R+D. Singapore, Australia and South Korea have thehighest rates in this aspect. However, the United States, Japan andGermany have the highest absolute rates (figure). Chile, in relative terms(% of GDP) and in absolute terms, lags in the last place.48
Page 6 and 7: TOWARDS A NATIONAL INNOVATION STRAT
Page 11: TOWARDS A NATIONAL INNOVATION STRAT
Page 97 and 98:
TOWARDS A NATIONAL INNOVATION STRAT
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
also mean an uncomfortable position
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159:
show all

Libro Blanco Vol I en Ingles

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?