Libro Blanco Vol I en Ingles

TOWARDS A NATIONAL INNOVATION STRATEGY FOR COMPETITIVENESSVOLUME 1technological centres. The need to have specialized intermediaries between companies and the technological centres was alsoemphasised, identifying alternatives such as “technology management and transfer bodies” and a “technological broker industry”.The conversation also offered insights to the Council with respect to the criteria that indicate when it is necessary to bring researchclose to production activity and when not. This will be a fundamental input when defining the roadmaps for sectors with potential. Whenit is “adaptive and operational innovation”, it should tend towards a location near the scientific and business activity, in contrast to“radical or disruptive innovation, where physical location becomes less relevant”. In terms of the analysis categories of the Council, theplayers indicated that considering the existence of tacit knowledge in innovation activity is a key element, especially in links nearer to themarkets, among people and teams capable of adapting processes or products.5. INNOVATIVE HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION SYSTEMThe shared concern in having an adequate system for the formation of innovative human capital in Chile pervaded the issues andproblems covered during this workshop. Its participants presented the shortfalls that must be repaired in teacher training, the necessaryskills in the labour force, the formation of advanced human capital and, in particular, the link between technical training and companies,and the education and incorporation of PhD graduates, among others.During this process, the experts came to the conviction that it is essential that the country make a great effort to improve primaryand secondary education. Emphasis was particularly placed on the training of educators and on the need to incorporate more informationthrough skills’ certification practices “with international standards”, especially of pedagogy graduates, as well as increasing the quality ofthe teaching and educational policies, and training, “capturing and retaining the best teachers”, emphasising the subjects ofmathematics, science and English.For higher education, they proposed working on the “articulation of public instruments targeted at postgraduate students” to“overcome the access gaps (gender, regions and languages)” and “directing resources towards the deficient areas” in human capital.Regarding the formation and incorporation of researchers they recommended supporting “start-up projects” for researchers, foster the“incorporation of PhD graduates into industry” and “foster the internationalization” of science and technology graduates.Another area of concern revealed was the insufficient development of innovation skills in our labour force, for which proposals weremade to strengthen the “articulation of public instruments targeted at training and labour market participation”. Technical training alsoreceived suggestions, in particular aimed at evaluating the “current system of continuous training” in order to possess a “national systemof competencies”.The needs and proposals that arose from this work corroborated the conviction of the Council that primary and secondary educationare crucial for innovation, even though they exceed its mandate.133